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FINDING A TAXON BY NAME: Hold down the CONTROL KEY (on PC) or the COMMAND KEY (on Mac), press "F", then type the taxon name in the search box that appears. Use the arrows next to the search box to scroll through found choices. VIEWING THE THUMBNAIL PAGES: Once you've found a taxon, and its name appears in blue letters, click on it to display thumbnails. For the taxa in black letters we do not have images yet. Thumbnail pages exist for Families, Subfamilies, Tribes, Genera, Species and Subspecies. Caution: with slower internet connection, download of family thumbnails could take a very long time to complete, thus it is best to view species thumbnails. |
SEARCH ENGINE: Google SEARCH BOX at the top of a webpage allows you to search the entire website, not only this webpage. Use it when unsure about the family the taxon is from, or name spelling. VIEWING THE SPECIES PAGES: Click on one of the blue letters to the right of the taxon name and distribution: M - Main Species Page, T - Types, S - Specimens, Ab - Aberrations, Hy - hybrids, HS - historic specimens, L - Live Adults, I - Immatures, H - Habitats and Foodplants, G - genitalia. Extensive image collections are split into several pages as denoted by numbers after letters, e.g. S1 or S2. |
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Family HESPERIIDAE Latreille, 1809 – SKIPPERS Subfamily Eudaminae Tribe Entheini Udranomia A. Butler, 1870 Udranomia eurus (Mabille & Boullet, 1919) Eurus Skipper Costa Rica to Venezuela & Amazon basin iN M S I Udranomia tomdaleyi Burns, 2017 Costa Rica; ref.21 Udranomia sallydaleyae Burns, 2017 Costa Rica; ref.21 Udranomia kikkawai (Weeks, 1906) Nervous Skipper E & W Mexico to Brazil; ref.21 iN M T TI S1 S2 S3 L I1 I2 Udranomia orcinus (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Orcinus Skipper SE Mexico to Bolivia iN M T S1 S2 IL I G Udranomia spitzi (Hayward, 1942) Brazil iN M S Drephalys E. Watson, 1893 Drephalys oria Evans, 1952 Oria Skipper Mexico to Honduras iN M T S G Drephalys oriander (Hewitson, 1867) Oriander Skipper Mexico, Costa Rica to Guianas and N Brazil iN M T S1 S2 IL G Drephalys talboti (Le Cerf, 1922) TL: French Guiana M T S G Drephalys dumeril (Latreille, [1824]) Dumeril Skipper Mexico to Ecuador and Brazil iN M T OI OD S1 S2 IL G Drephalys croceus Austin, 1995 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T OI G Drephalys tortus Austin, 1995 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T OI G Drephalys alcmon (Cramer, 1780) Alcmon Skipper Guatemala to Guianas and Brazil iN M T S1 S2 S3 IL L I G Drephalys mourei O. Mielke, 1968 SE & S Brazil iN M T IL Drephalys olvina Evans, 1952 TL: Guyana M S Drephalys kidonoi Burns, 2000 Kidono's Skipper W Costa Rica M T S1 S2 I G Drephalys helixus (Hewitson, 1877) Helixus Skipper Panama iN M T OD S IL G Drephalys phoenice (Hewitson, 1867) TL: Brazil (Am) M T S IL Drephalys heraclides E. Bell, 1942 TL: Peru M T S Drephalys miersi O. Mielke, 1968 TL: Brazil (SC) M T S IL Drephalys phoenicoides (Mabille & Boullet, 1919) Curious Skipper Costa Rica to Guianas and NE Brazil iN M S Drephalys dracarys Madruga, Siewert, O. Mielke & Dolibaina, 2018 Brazil; ref.35 Drephalys electrinus Siewert, Madruga, O. Mielke & Dolibaina, 2018 Brazil; ref.35 Drephalys citrinus Madruga, Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2018 Brazil; ref.35 Drephalys eous (Hewitson, 1867) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Drephalys diovalis Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Drephalys opifex Evans, 1952 TL: Surinam M OD Drephalys olva Evans, 1952 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T OD Phanus Hübner, [1819] Phanus australis L. Miller, 1965 iN M T S Phanus vitreus (Stoll, 1781) Widespread Phanus Oaxaca and Chiapas to southern Brazil iN M T S1 S2 L I G Phanus ecitonorum Austin, 1993 Army-ant Phanus Costa Rica to southern Brazil iN M T S L Phanus confusis Austin, 1993 Confusing Phanus eastern Mexico to El Salvador iN M T S Phanus albiapicalis Austin, 1993 White-tipped Phanus E & W Mexico to Panama, W Ecuador and Peru iN M T S L Phanus rilma Evans, 1952 West-Mexican Phanus Pacific coast, Nayarit to Guatemala iN M T S G Phanus grandis Austin, 1993 Grand Phanus Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela iN M T S L Phanus obscurior Kaye, 1925 Dark Phanus iN Phanus obscurior obscurior Kaye, 1925 SE Mexico to Colombia and Trinidad M T S1 S2 I G Phanus obscurior prestoni L. Miller, 1965 TL: Brazil (Am) M T S Phanus marshalli (W. F. Kirby, 1880) Common Phanus E & W Mexico to Bolivia iN M S1 S2 L I G Hyalothyrus Mabille, 1878 Hyalothyrus infernalis (Möschler, 1877) iN M T S Hyalothyrus infa Evans, 1952 Colombia; ref.7 M T S Hyalothyrus leucomelas (Geyer, 1832) Leucomelas Skipper Panama to Brazil and Peru iN M S Hyalothyrus nitocris (Stoll, 1782) iN M S Hyalothyrus mimicus Mabille & Boullet, 1919 iN M S Hyalothyrus neleus (Linnaeus, 1758) iN Hyalothyrus neleus pemphigargyra (Mabille, 1888) SE Mexico to Colombia and Venezuela M T S L I G Hyalothyrus neleus neleus (Linnaeus, 1758) TL: Indiis M T S L Hyalothyrus neda Evans, 1952 Bolivia; ref.7 M T S Entheus Hübner, [1819] Entheus eumelus (Cramer, 1777) iN M T OI OD S IL G Entheus ninyas H. Druce, 1912 TL: Bolivia M T OI OD S Entheus eunyas Austin, O. Mielke & Steinhauser, 1997 iN M T OI S G Entheus lemna (A. Butler, 1870) TL: ? M T OD TI S IL Txt Entheus gentius (Cramer, 1777) iN M T OI OD TI S1 S2 S3 HS IL G Txt Entheus bombus Austin, O. Mielke & Steinhauser, 1997 iN M T OI S G Entheus aureolus Austin, O. Mielke & Steinhauser, 1997 iN M T OI S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 IL G Entheus huertasae Grishin, 2013 Blanca's Entheus Panama & Colombia; ref.70 M T IL G Entheus telemus Mabille, 1898 TL: Brazil M OD S IL G Entheus latebrosus Austin, 1997 iN M T OI S Entheus priassus (Linnaeus, 1758) iN Entheus priassus priassus (Linnaeus, 1758) TL: Indiis M OI OD TI S HS IL G Txt Entheus priassus pralina Evans, 1952 TL: Brazil (ES) M T IL G Entheus aureanota Austin, O. Mielke & Steinhauser, 1997 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T OI S G Entheus curvus Austin, 1997 TL: Peru M T OI S G Entheus matho Godman & Salvin, 1879 Giant Entheus iN Entheus matho matho Godman & Salvin, 1879 SE Mexico to Costa Rica M T OD S IL L G Txt Entheus matho latifascius M. Hering, 1925 TL: Colombia M OI OD S Entheus matho marmato Salazar & Vargas, [2017] Colombia; ref.91 Entheus matho aequatorius Mabille & Boullet, 1919 Costa Rica to Ecuador M OD S IL G Entheus matho dius Mabille, 1898 Panama Guianas, Peru, and Bolivia M T OD TI S IL G Entheus crux Steinhauser, 1989 Mexican Entheus SE Mexico to Nicaragua iN M T OD S G Entheus warreni Grishin, 2012 Warren's Entheus Ecuador; ref.63 M T S G Augiades Hübner, [1819] Augiades crinisus (Cramer, 1780) Crinisus Skipper Costa Rica to Bolivia and Brazil iN M T S L Augiades vespasius (Fabricius, 1793) [= epimethea]; ref.38 iN Augiades vespasius bicolor (Mabille & Boullet, 1919) Costa Rica to Bolivia, Guianas and N Brazil M T S Augiades vespasius vespasius (Fabricius, 1793) TL: Indiis M T Tarsoctenus E. Watson, 1893 Tarsoctenus praecia (Hewitson, 1857) iN Tarsoctenus praecia praecia (Hewitson, 1857) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T OI S Tarsoctenus praecia rufibasis Boullet, 1910 TL: French Guiana M T IL Tarsoctenus praecia plutia (Hewitson, 1857) TL: Brazil (Am) M T OI S L Tarsoctenus praecia luna Evans, 1952 TL: Bolivia M T Tarsoctenus gaudialis (Hewitson, 1876) Gaudy Skipper Nicaragua to Colombia; ref.16 iN M T OI S IL L G Tarsoctenus corytus (Cramer, 1777) iN Tarsoctenus corytus corytus (Cramer, 1777) TL: Surinam M T OI OD S Tarsoctenus corytus corba Evans, 1952 TL: Peru M T S Tarsoctenus papias (Hewitson, 1857) iN M T OI S L Tribe Phocidini Phocides Hübner, [1819] Phocides lilea (Reakirt, [1867]) Guava Skipper S Texas to Costa Rica; ref.11 iN M T S1 S2 L1 L2 I1 I2 G Phocides polybius (Fabricius, 1793) Guava Skipper iN Phocides polybius polybius (Fabricius, 1793) [= imbreus] Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Trinidad; ref.11 M T S IL L G Phocides polybius phanias (Burmeister, 1880) TL: Argentina M S L Phocides charon (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1859) iN M T S IL Phocides petroleum Siewert, Leviski, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2018 Bolivia (La Paz); ref.34 Phocides distans (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) iN Phocides distans licinus (Möschler, 1879) Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama M T S L G Phocides distans distans (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) TL: ? M T S IL Phocides distans silva Evans, 1952 TL: Peru M T S Phocides perillus (Mabille, 1888) iN M T OI S Phocides metrodorus E. Bell, 1932 Metrodorus Skipper iN Phocides metrodorus nigrescens E. Bell, 1938 Costa Rica, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru; species? M T S1 S2 I1 I2 Phocides metrodorus metrodorus E. Bell, 1932 Panama to Bolivia and Brazil M T S G Phocides metrodorus metron Evans, 1952 TL: Paraguay M T OD G Phocides vulcanides Röber, 1925 iN M T S Phocides novalis Evans, 1952 iN M T S G Phocides thermus (Mabille, 1883) Thermus Skipper iN Phocides thermus thermus (Mabille, 1883) SE Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador M T S G Phocides thermus bellina Evans, 1952 TL: Ecuador M T S Phocides thermus valgus (Mabille, 1883) TL: French Guiana M T S IL Phocides partia Evans, 1952 Peru & Bolivia M T G Phocides padrona Evans, 1952 iN M T S G Phocides belus Godman & Salvin, 1893 Belus Skipper S Texas (one-time stray) to Costa Rica iN M T S1 S2 L I Phocides pigmalion (Cramer, 1779) Pigmalion Skipper iN Phocides pigmalion pigmalion (Cramer, 1779) TL: Surinam M T OI IL G Phocides pigmalion hewitsonius (Mabille, 1883) TL: Brazil (Am) M T TI IL Phocides batabano (Lucas, 1857) Mangrove Skipper Cuba, I. de Juventud, Andros, Little Cayman; ref.12 Phocides batabano okeechobee (Worthington, 1881) S Florida; mangroves M T S L1 L2 I G Phocides batabano batabanoides (W. Holland, 1902) most Bahamian Islands M T S Phocides batabano batabano (Lucas, 1857) Cuba, I. de Juventud, Andros, Little Cayman M T S G Phocides bicolora (Boddaert, 1783) 'Hispaniolan' Mangrove Skipper Hispaniola; ref.12 M T S Phocides johnsoni E. Bell, 1947 iN M T S Phocides urania (Westwood, 1852) Urania Skipper Mexico, Guatemala; usually in montane forest iN M T S L G Phocides vida (A. Butler, 1872) Vida Skipper Costa Rica; ref.13 M T S Phocides pialia (Hewitson, 1857) iN Phocides pialia maximus (Mabille, 1888) TL: Brazil M T OI S Phocides pialia intermedia O. Mielke, 1992 TL: Brazil (MG) M OI S Phocides pialia pialia (Hewitson, 1857) TL: Brazil M T OI S G Phocides oreides (Hewitson, [1875]) iN Phocides oreides colombiana E. Bell, 1938 TL: Colombia M T Phocides oreides oreides (Hewitson, [1875]) TL: Peru M T OI S IL Phocides yokhara (A. Butler, 1870) iN Phocides yokhara yokhara (A. Butler, 1870) TL: Peru M T S L Phocides yokhara inca Le Cerf, 1922 TL: Peru M T Phocides yokhara dryas Le Cerf, 1922 TL: Peru M T Phocides yokhara charonotis (Hewitson, 1874) TL: Bolivia M T TI Phocides lincea (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) TL: ? M S Phocides perkinsi (Kaye, 1931) Perkins' Skipper Jamaica; ref.77 M T S Nascus E. Watson, 1893 [includes Pseudonascus, Praxa & Bron as subgenera]; ref.13 Nascus paulliniae (Sepp, [1842]) Least Scarlet-eye S Mexico to Bolivia and S Brazil; ref.13 iN M T OI S1 S2 I1 I2 G Nascus prax Evans, 1952 Brazil (Pa); ref.13 iN M T Nascus broteas (Cramer, 1780) Broteas Scarlet-eye [= solon] E Mexico to Argentina, S Brazil and Paraguay; ref.13,146 iN M T S1 S2 I1 I2 G Nascus corilla Evans, 1952 Corilla Scarlet-eye S Mexico to Colombia and Venezuela M T S1 S2 I1 I2 Nascus lux Grishin, 2023 Luminous Scarlet-eye [= Evans' "solon solon"]; ref.146 iN M S L Nascus phintias Schaus, 1913 Schaus’ Scarlet-eye SE Mexico to French Guiana and Peru; ref.13 iN M T S1 S2 IL I Nascus phocus (Cramer, 1777) Common Scarlet-eye E & W Mexico to S Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina; ref.13 iN M T S1 S2 IL L I1 I2 G Aurina Evans, 1937 Aurina dida Evans, 1937 French Guiana; ref.7 M T OI OD S G Txt Aurina azines (Hewitson, 1867) iN M T OI S L Emmelus O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2016 Emmelus purpurascens (Mabille & Boullet, 1912) Peru, Brazil; ref.119,7 iN M OD S Co G Txt Porphyrogenes E. Watson, 1893 [includes Ocyba as subgenus]; ref.7 Porphyrogenes stupa Evans, 1952 TL: ? M T Porphyrogenes omphale (A. Butler, 1871) Blue Scarlet-eye Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Guianas to Bolivia iN M T OI S1 S2 L G Porphyrogenes passalus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Passalus Scarlet-eye Panama, Colombia, Bolivia, Brazil (at least) M T S Porphyrogenes speciosus Austin & O. Mielke, 2008 Speciosus Scarlet-eye Costa Rica M T G Porphyrogenes convexus Austin & O. Mielke, 2008 TL: Brazil (Rd) M OI Porphyrogenes sparus Austin & O. Mielke, 2008 TL: Brazil (Rd) M OI Porphyrogenes spadix Austin & O. Mielke, 2008 TL: Brazil (Rd) M OI Porphyrogenes peterwegei Burns, 2010 Peter's Scarlet-eye NW Costa Rica M T1 T2 T3 S I1 I2 H G Porphyrogenes sororcula (Mabille & Boullet, 1912) TL: French Guiana M T OI S Porphyrogenes specularis Austin & O. Mielke, 2008 TL: Brazil (Rd) M OI Porphyrogenes probus (Möschler, 1877) iN M T IL Porphyrogenes vulpecula (Plötz, 1882) iN M T S G Porphyrogenes zohra (Möschler, 1879) Zohra Scarlet-eye Honduras, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Guianas, N Brazil (Para) M T S G Porphyrogenes virgatus (Mabille, 1888) Virgatus Scarlet-eye Honduras, Guyana, Peru M T OI Porphyrogenes eudemus (Mabille, 1888) Eudemus Scarlet-eye Panama, Peru iN M T OI TI S G Porphyrogenes splendidus Austin & O. Mielke, 2008 TL: Bolivia M OI Porphyrogenes simulator Austin & O. Mielke, 2008 TL: Bolivia M OI Porphyrogenes sula (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1940) Sula Scarlet-eye Honduras, possibly Costa Rica iN M T S I G Porphyrogenes spina Austin & O. Mielke, 2008 Spina Scarlet-eye Panama M T G Porphyrogenes sporta Austin & O. Mielke, 2008 TL: Colombia M OI Porphyrogenes stresa Evans, 1952 TL: Peru M T Porphyrogenes boliva Evans, 1952 TL: Venezuela M T Porphyrogenes spoda Evans, 1952 Spoda Scarlet-eye Panama M T G Porphyrogenes ferruginea (Plötz, 1883) TL: Brazil (Ba) M T S Porphyrogenes despecta (A. Butler, 1870) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Porphyrogenes pausias (Hewitson, 1867) TL: Brazil (Am) M T S Porphyrogenes spanda Evans, 1952 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Porphyrogenes sparta Evans, 1952 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Porphyrogenes glavia Evans, 1952 Glavia Scarlet-eye Panama M T G Porphyrogenes unassociated_unnamed_female_#1 , TL: not specified M S IL Porphyrogenes unassociated_unnamed_female_#2 , TL: not specified M IL Porphyrogenes unassociated_unnamed_female_#3 , Mystery Scarlet-eye #3 Panama M S Porphyrogenes unassociated_unnamed_female_#4 , Mystery Scarlet-eye #4 Panama M S Porphyrogenes unassociated_unnamed_female_#5 , Mystery Scarlet-eye #5 Costa Rica M S Porphyrogenes unassociated_unnamed_females , Mystery Female Scarlet-eyes Porphyrogenes females whose identity remains a mystery M S HS Porphyrogenes unassociated_unnamed_male , Mystery Scarlet-eye #6 Costa Rica M S G Porphyrogenes calathana (Hewitson, 1868) Yellow-rimmed Scarlet-eye ref.7 iN Porphyrogenes calathana calanus (Godman & Salvin, 1894) Mexico to Costa Rica M T OI S1 S2 IL L I G Porphyrogenes calathana calathana (Hewitson, 1868) Panama and Colombia M T S IL Porphyrogenes calathana compusa (Hewitson, 1868) TL: Brazil (Am) M T Nicephellus Austin, 2008 Nicephellus nicephorus (Hewitson, 1876) Two-spotted Scarlet-eye SE Mexico to Guianas, N & S Brazil, NE Peru iN M T S IL I Salatis Evans, 1952 Salatis canalis (Skinner, 1920) Canal Scarlet-eye Costa Rica to Ecuador iN M T S1 S2 I1 I2 Salatis salatis (Stoll, 1782) Variable Scarlet-eye Nicaragua, Panama to Guianas, Peru and S Brazil iN M T S IL L G Salatis flavomarginatus (Sepp, [1851]) very long apiculus, no specimen known, Suriname M OI I Salantoia eriopis (Hewitson, 1867) Brazil; ref.7 iN M T S Salantoia metallica Grishin, 2022 Guyana; ref.13 M T Salantoia gildo (Mabille, 1888) Brazil (Am); ref.13 M T OI Ornilius rotundus Grishin, 2022 [= Evans' "cebrenus"]; ref.13 M T Adina adrastor (Mabille & Boullet, 1912) [= dinka] S. Amer.; ref.13,140 M T OI Sarmientoia Berg, 1897 Sarmientoia phaselis (Hewitson, 1867) TL: Brazil M T S IL G Sarmientoia faustinus (Burmeister, 1878) iN M T S IL G Sarmientoia haywardi O. Mielke, 1967 iN M OI S IL G Sarmientoia similis O. Mielke, 1967 iN M OI S IL G Sarmientoia almeidai O. Mielke, 1967 TL: Brazil (MT) M OI S G Sarmientoia browni O. Mielke, 1967 TL: Brazil (DF) M OI S G Fulvatis fulvius (Plötz, 1882) Brazil (Pa); ref.13 M T S HS Fulvatis scyrus (E. Bell, 1934) Peru; ref.13 M T Bungalotis E. Watson, 1893 Bungalotis erythus (Cramer, 1775) Spotted Scarlet-eye SE Mexico to Guianas, Brazil and Bolivia iN M S1 S2 I1 I2 G Bungalotis corentinus (Plötz, 1882) [= diophorus, = gagarini]; ref.13,140 iN M T OI S1 S2 IL I1 I2 G Bungalotis quadratum (Sepp, [1845]) Pallid Scarlet-eye iN Bungalotis quadratum quadratum (Sepp, [1845]) SE Mexico to Guianas M T OI S1 S2 L I1 I2 Bungalotis quadratum barba Evans, 1952 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Bungalotis lactos Evans, 1952 Lactos Scarlet-eye TL: Peru M T G Bungalotis clusia Evans, 1952 Clusia Scarlet-eye TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Bungalotis sipa de Jong, 1983 Sipa Scarlet-eye Surinam M T G Bungalotis borax Evans, 1952 Borax Scarlet-eye TL: French Guiana M T S G Bungalotis milleri H. Freeman, 1977 Miller's Scarlet-eye SE Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T OD G Bungalotis astylos (Cramer, 1780) Dark-cheeked Scarlet-eye SE Mexico to Guianas, Peru and S Brazil iN M T S1 S2 L I1 I2 G Bungalotis aureus Austin, 2008 Golden Scarlet-Eye TL: Ecuador M OI G Bungalotis midas (Cramer, 1775) White-cheeked Scarlet-eye SE Mexico to S Brazil and Paraguay iN M S1 S2 IL L I1 I2 G Dyscophellus Godman & Salvin, 1893 Dyscophellus porcius (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862) Fiery Scarlet-eye S Mexico to Paraguay and S Brazil iN M T S IL L G Dyscophellus doriscus (Hewitson, 1867) S Brazil; ref.13 M T S HS Dyscophellus sebaldus (Stoll, 1781) Sebaldus Scarlet-eye Costa Rica to Guianas and N Brazil iN M OI S IL Dyscophellus damias (Plötz, 1882) [= erythras]; ref.13 iN M T OI S Dyscophellus mielkei Austin, 2008 TL: Brazil (Rd) M OI Dyscophellus ramon Evans, 1952 Plain Scarlet-eye SE Mexico to Panama iN M T S1 S2 HS L I1 I2 G Dyscophellus diaphorus (Mabille & Boullet, 1912) Diaphorus Scarlet-eye [part of Evans' ramusis] Panama to Guianas and N Brazil M T OI Dyscophellus ramusis (Stoll, 1781) Subtle Scarlet-eye in S. Amer. to S Brazil iN Dyscophellus ramusis astrapaeus (Hewitson, 1876) Amazonian region M T S HS Dyscophellus ramusis ramusis (Stoll, 1781) Colombia to Bolivia M S IL Dyscophellus australis Grishin, 2022 Southern Scarlet-eye [= Evans' "damias"] S Brazil & Paraguay; ref.13 iN M S L Dyscophellus porsena (E. Bell, 1934) iN M T Dyscophellus basialbus Grishin, 2022 White-base Scarlet-eye [= Evans' "diaphorus"]; ref.13 iN M T S Euriphellus Austin, 2008 Euriphellus lama (Evans, 1952) Big-spotted Scarlet-eye SE Mexico to Honduras; ref.7 M T S Euriphellus phraxanor (Hewitson, 1876) Big-spotted Scarlet-eye Nicaragua to Ecuador; ref.7 iN M T S1 S2 L I G Euriphellus panador Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Euriphellus panamicus Grishin, 2023 Panama; ref.153 Euriphellus mena (Evans, 1952) Ecuador; ref.7 M T Euriphellus marian (Evans, 1952) Ecuador; ref.7 M T S Euriphellus colombiensis Grishin, 2023 Colombia; ref.151 M T Euriphellus ecuadoricus Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.151 M T Euriphellus cebrenus (Cramer, 1777) [Evans' "cebrenus" is Ornilius rotundus] Suriname; ref.13 M TI S Euriphellus euribates (Stoll, 1782) Euribates Scarlet-eye Costa Rica to Brazil and Bolivia, may be a synonym of cebrenus; ref.13 iN M T OI S G Euriphellus polygius (Latreille, [1824]) S Brazil; ref.7 M T IL Phareas Westwood, 1852 Phareas burnsi Grishin, 2013 Burns' Skipper Costa Rica, Panama, ?Colombia; ref.74 iN M T1 T2 S I Phareas coeleste Westwood, 1852 Magnificent Skipper Colombia to Bolivia and S Brazil iN M T OI OD S1 S2 S3 IL L G Tribe Eudamini, Subtribe Eudamina Cecropterus Herrich-Schäffer, 1869 includes Thorybes as a subgenus; ref.7,126 Cecropterus (Cecropterus) acanthopoda (O. Mielke, 1977) Brazil; ref.7 M T OI G Cecropterus (Cecropterus) rinta (Evans, 1952) Argentina; ref.7 M T S Cecropterus (Cecropterus) zarex (Hübner, 1818) Sharp Banded-Skipper E & S Mexico to Argentina iN M T S1 S2 HS L I G Cecropterus (Cecropterus) longipennis Plötz, 1882 Spike Banded-Skipper E & S Mexico to S Brazil iN M T S L I G Cecropterus (Cecropterus) evenus (Ménétriés, 1855) iN M S IL Cecropterus (Thorybes) lyciades (Geyer, 1832) Hoary Edge E USA, (Veracruz) iN M S1 S2 HS L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 I G Cecropterus (Thorybes) casica (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Desert Cloudywing SW USA (SE AZ to C TX), Mexico iN M T S L I H G Cecropterus (Thorybes) tehuacana (Draudt, 1922) Tehuacan Cloudywing S TX (rare stray), E Mexico to Guatemala iN M T OD S L G Cecropterus (Thorybes) confusis (E. Bell, 1923) Confused Cloudywing SE USA iN M T1 T2 S1 S2 S3 L1 L2 L3 I G Cecropterus (Thorybes) bathyllus (J. E. Smith, 1797) Southern Cloudywing E USA iN M OI TI S1 S2 S3 HS L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 G Cecropterus (Thorybes) diversus (E. Bell, 1927) Western Cloudywing C & N Sierra Nevada and Siskiyou Mts., CA, far SW OR iN M S L1 L2 L3 I G Cecropterus (Thorybes) nevada (Scudder, 1872) Sierra Nevada Cloudywing ref.11 iN Cecropterus nevada aemilea (Skinner, 1893) Cascade Mts. N CA to C OR; ref.11 M T S L1 L2 Ha Cecropterus nevada blanca (Scott, 1981) White Mts., CA-NV; ref.11 M S L1 L2 Cecropterus nevada nevada (Scudder, 1872) CA-NV Sierra Nevada; ref.11 M S L1 L2 Ha G Cecropterus (Thorybes) dobra (Evans, 1952) Dobra Cloudywing S Rocky Mts. (S WY-ID to NM, AZ) to NW Mexico; ref.11 iN M T S1 S2 L1 L2 Ha Cecropterus (Thorybes) mexicana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Mexican Cloudywing ref.11 iN Cecropterus mexicana mexicana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) C & W Mexico M T S L Ha G Cecropterus mexicana ducia (Evans, 1952) TL: Panama M OD Cecropterus (Thorybes) floridianus Grishin, 2023 Florida Cloudywing ref.146 M S L Cecropterus (Thorybes) pylades (Scudder, 1870) Northern Cloudywing Canada, E USA iN M T S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 L9 L10 L11 L12 I G Cecropterus (Thorybes) indistinctus (Austin & J. Emmel, 1998) Indistinct Cloudywing Baja California (N) to Washington, Cascades (& Ochocos) west M T S L1 L2 Ha Cecropterus (Thorybes) rockiensis Grishin, 2023 Rocky Mountains Cloudywing NE OR, S ID, MT, WY, W SD, W NE, N & C UT, CO, NM, AZ; ref.146 M T S L1 L2 Cecropterus (Thorybes) albosuffusa (H. Freeman, 1943) Whitewashed Cloudywing W Texas, NE Mexico Cecropterus albosuffusa albosuffusa (H. Freeman, 1943) W Texas, NE Mexico M T S1 S2 Cecropterus albosuffusa southwestern segregate (, ) S AZ, S NM, W Mexico to Oaxaca M S L1 L2 L3 L4 H Cecropterus albosuffusa BCS segregate (, ) Baja California Sur M S Cecropterus (Thorybes) oaxacensis Grishin, 2023 Oaxacan Cloudywing ref.146 M T Cecropterus (Thorybes) drusius (W. H. Edwards, [1884]) Drusius Cloudywing, White-fringed Cloudywing SE AZ, SW NM, W TX, MX iN M T S L I Ha Cecropterus (Thorybes) cincta Plötz, 1882 Chisos Banded-Skipper W Texas to Guatemala iN M T S L I Ha G Cecropterus (Thorybes) vectilucis (A. Butler, 1872) Central American Banded-Skipper Chiapas to Panama iN M T OD S L G Cecropterus (Thorybes) pseudocellus (Coolidge & Clémence, [1910]) Sonoran Banded-Skipper Mexico; extirpated from S AZ iN M T S L Ha G Cecropterus (Thorybes) palliolum (H. Druce, 1908) Ochre-stained Flasher Costa Rica M T OI S Cecropterus (Thorybes) egregius (A. Butler, 1870) Small-spotted Flasher iN Cecropterus egregius egregius (A. Butler, 1870) S TX (rare stray) to Colombia and Venezuela M T S L Ha G Cecropterus egregius coxeyi (R. Williams, 1931) TL: Ecuador M T Cecropterus (Thorybes) virescens (Mabille, 1877) Green-washed Longtail Panama to S Brazil and Paraguay iN M T S IL L G Cecropterus (Thorybes) viridissimus Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Cecropterus (Thorybes) dorantes (Stoll, 1790) Dorantes Longtail iN Cecropterus dorantes calafia (R. Williams, 1926) Baja California Sur M T S L Cecropterus dorantes dorantes (Stoll, 1790) continental; Florida, S AZ, S NM, TX to Argentina M T S HS IL L1 L2 L3 I1 I2 H G Cecropterus dorantes cramptoni (W. Comstock, 1944) Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Mona, Culebra, Virgin Is., Gr. Cayman M T S Cecropterus dorantes santiago (Lucas, 1857) Cuba, N Andros, Mangrove Cay, Grand Bahama M T S IL Cecropterus dorantes galapagensis (F. Williams, 1911) TL: Galapagos M T Cecropterus (Thorybes) obscurus (Hewitson, 1867) Dark Longtail Lesser Antilles; St. Martin S to Grenadines, Barbados iN M T S L Cecropterus (Murgaria) markwalkeri Grishin, 2023 Walker's Cloudywing SE AZ as stray, W Mexico; ref.20 M T S L I Cecropterus (Murgaria) albociliatus (Mabille, 1877) White-edged Cloudywing iN Cecropterus albociliatus albociliatus (Mabille, 1877) [= toxeus] S TX (?) as stray, Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.20 M T S1 S2 L I G Cecropterus albociliatus leucophrys (Mabille, 1898) Panama and Colombia M T S Cecropterus albociliatus nocera (Plötz, 1882) TL: Colombia M T OI Cecropterus (Murgaria) coyote (Skinner, 1892) Coyote Cloudywing [former toxeus] S Texas & E Mexico (at least); ref.20 iN M S L G Cecropterus (Murgaria) nigrociliata (Mabille & Boullet, 1912) Dark-edged Cloudywing [former toxeus] SW Mexico to Panama; ref.20 M T S1 S2 I Cecropterus (Murgaria) jalapus (Plötz, 1881) Jalapus Cloudywing S Texas (rare stray) to Colombia iN M T S1 S2 L I1 I2 G Cecropterus (Murgaria) athesis (Hewitson, 1867) Athesis Cloudywing Panama, Colombia, Venezuela to Tobago iN M T S IL L G Cecropterus (Murgaria) phalaecus (Godman & Salvin, 1893) Yellow-edged Flasher E & W Mexico to Colombia iN M T S L G Cecropterus (Murgaria) reductus (N. Riley, 1919) iN M T S Cecropterus (Murgaria) doryssus (Swainson, 1831) White-tailed Longtail iN Cecropterus doryssus chales (Godman & Salvin, 1893) W Mexico M T S IL L G Cecropterus doryssus E Mexican segregate (, ) ["d. doryssus"], S Texas to El Salvador M S L1 L2 Cecropterus doryssus doryssus (Swainson, 1831) Chiapas to S Brazil & Bolivia M T OI OD S IL L1 L2 I1 I2 Cecropterus doryssus albicuspis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) TL: ? M T IL Cecropterus (Murgaria) albimargo (Mabille, 1875) White-edged Longtail NE Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador iN M T S1 S2 IL L I Cecropterus (Murgaria) takuta (Evans, 1952) Amazonian; ref.7 iN M T S Cecropterus (Murgaria) rica (Evans, 1952) SE S. Amer.; ref.7 iN M T Cecropterus (Murgaria) dariensis Grishin, 2023 Panama; ref.153 Cecropterus (Murgaria) trebia (Möschler, 1879) White-capped Longtail El Salvador to Colombia and Trinidad M T S IL G Cecropterus (Murgaria) carmelita (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Carmelita Longtail Panama to Brazil iN M T S IL Cecropterus (Murgaria) barra (Evans, 1952) Brazil (Ba); ref.7 M T OD G Spicauda Grishin, 2019 Spicauda cindra (Evans, 1952) iN M T S Spicauda zagorus (Plötz, 1880) iN M T IL Spicauda atelis Grishin, 2023 Atelis Longtail S Texas to Costa Rica; ref.19 M S1 S2 L1 L2 I G Spicauda teleus (Hübner, 1821) Teleus Longtail Panama to Argentina; ref.19 iN M T S Ab IL L G Spicauda zalanthus (Plötz, 1881) S Brazil; ref.19 M T Spicauda ambiguus (de Jong, 1983) iN M T Spicauda tanna (Evans, 1952) Tanna Longtail S Texas (as stray) to Ecuador, Guianas, Trinidad iN M T S L G Spicauda procne (Plötz, 1881) Brown Longtail S Texas, SE AZ/SW NM (as stray), to Argentina; ref.7 iN M S L1 L2 L3 I G Spicauda simplicius (Stoll, 1790) Plain Longtail S Texas (as stray) to Argentina iN M T S IL L1 L2 I1 I2 G Urbanus Hübner, [1807] Urbanus esmeraldus (A. Butler, 1877) Esmeralda Longtail (S TX as stray), E & W Mexico to Peru & Guianas, Trinidad iN M T S1 S2 IL L I G Urbanus esma Evans, 1952 Esma Longtail Panama to Brazil, Trinidad iN M T S Urbanus prodicus E. Bell, 1956 Montane Longtail E & W Mexico to Costa Rica; often in cloud forest iN M T S L Urbanus elmina Evans, 1952 Andean Longtail (Costa Rica?), Colombia, Ecuador iN M T S Urbanus evona Evans, 1952 Turquoise Longtail E & W Mexico to Colombia iN M T S1 S2 L I G Urbanus esta Evans, 1952 Esta Longtail E & W Mexico to Ecuador and Brazil iN M T S1 S2 L I Urbanus viridis H. Freeman, 1970 Rare Longtail SE Mexico (VER) M T Urbanus velinus (Plötz, 1881) Velinus Skipper (SE Mexico?). Guatemala to Brazil and Trinidad iN M T S IL Urbanus proteus (Linnaeus, 1758) Long-tailed Skipper iN Urbanus proteus proteus (Linnaeus, 1758) continental; E USA, S CA, S AZ, S NM, TX to Argentina M S1 S2 HS IL L1 L2 I1 I2 I3 H G Urbanus proteus domingo (Scudder, 1872) Bahamas and Antilles; ref.151 M T S Urbanus cubanus Grishin, 2023 Cuban Longtail W Cuba; ref.151 M T Urbanus magnus Steinhauser, 1981 TL: Ecuador M T Urbanus rickardi Grishin, 2023 Rickard's Longtail S TX to possibly Panama; ref.19 M T S L Urbanus pronus Evans, 1952 Pronus Longtail Colombia to Argentina iN M T S Urbanus pronta Evans, 1952 Spot-banded Longtail E & W Mexico to Argentina iN M T S1 S2 L I1 I2 Urbanus parvus Austin, 1998 TL: Brazil (Rd) M OI Urbanus longicaudus Austin, 1998 TL: Brazil (Rd) M OI Urbanus villus Austin, 1998 TL: Brazil (Rd) M OI Urbanus huancavillcas (R. Williams, 1926) TL: Ecuador M T S Urbanus belli (Hayward, 1935) Bell's Longtail Argentina iN M TI IL G Urbanus alva Evans, 1952 Alva Longtail [= ehakernae] Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.82,10,19 iN M T S1 S2 L I1 I2 G Urbanus oplerorum Grishin, 2023 the Oplers' Longtail S TX & MX; ref.19 M T Urbanus bernikerni Burns, 2014 Costa Rica; ref.82 iN Urbanus segnestami Burns, 2014 Costa Rica; ref.82 iN Urbanus viterboana (Ehrmann, 1907) Bluish Longtail E & W Mexico to Colombia and Ecuador iN M T S1 S2 L I G Urbanus dubius Steinhauser, 1981 iN M T Urbanus megalurus (Mabille, 1877) Long-tailed Flasher E & W Mexico to Colombia; ref.7 iN M T S L G Urbanus tucuti (R. Williams, 1927) Tucuti Flasher SE Mexico to Ecuador; ref.7 iN M T OI S L Urbanus mericuti Grishin, 2023 S America to Peru & Bolivia; ref.153 Telegonus Hübner, [1819] Telegonus brevicauda (Plötz, 1886) Short-tailed Flasher [= talthybius], SE Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S1 S2 L I Telegonus chalco (Hübner, 1823) Great White Longtail Costa Rica to S Brazil and Paraguay iN M S IL L G Telegonus tsongae Grishin, 2023 Qian's Flasher S TX & MX; ref.19 M T L1 L2 I H Telegonus misitra (Plötz, 1881) Mexico; ref.19 M T Telegonus catemacoensis (H. Freeman, 1967) SE Mexico; ref.7 iN M T Txt Telegonus azul (Reakirt, [1867]) Two-barred Flasher, Flashing Astraptes This is complex of continental species-level taxa; ref.7,19 iN M T OD S L Telegonus fulgerator (Walch, 1775) S America; ref.18 iN M T OI IL G Telegonus fulminator (Sepp, [1841]) Suriname; ref.19 M T Telegonus fulgor Hayward, 1939 iN M TI S IL Telegonus naxos (Hewitson, 1867) iN M T S Telegonus christyi Sharpe, 1898 Antillean Flasher Hispaniola; ref.78 M T S Telegonus xagua (Lucas, 1857) Antillean Flasher iN Telegonus xagua harveyi (Clench, Steinhauser & J. Miller, 2017) Bahamas; ref.78 Telegonus xagua xagua (Lucas, 1857) Cuba, Andros M T S Telegonus talus (Cramer, 1777) Green Flasher E & S Mexico to Argentina; Jamaica, Cuba, Hispaniola, etc. iN M T S L G Telegonus pastus Grishin, 2023 SE Mexico to W Colombia; ref.153 Telegonus apastus (Cramer, 1777) Broad-banded Flasher iN Telegonus apastus apastus (Cramer, 1777) E Colombia to Guianas and N Brazil M S L I G Telegonus apastus pusa (Evans, 1952) TL: Brazil (Ba) M T Telegonus elorus (Hewitson, 1867) iN M T S IL L Telegonus alardus (Stoll, 1790) Frosted Flasher iN Telegonus alardus latia (Evans, 1952) S TX (rare stray), E Mexico to Colombia M T S1 S2 L I Ha Telegonus alardus aquila (Evans, 1952) TL: Colombia M T Telegonus alardus alardus (Stoll, 1790) TL: Surinam M T OD S IL L G Telegonus habana (Lucas, 1857) Frosty Flasher Cuba, Isla de Juventud iN M S Telegonus heriul Mabille & Boullet, 1912 Frosty Flasher Hispaniola; ref.7 M T S Telegonus alector (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) iN Telegonus alector hopfferi (Plötz, 1881) [= gilberti], S TX (stray), E & W Mexico to NW Brazil and Bolivia M T S L Telegonus alector alector (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) TL: Colombia M T Telegonus cretatus Hayward, 1939 Cretatus Flasher iN Telegonus cretatus cretatus Hayward, 1939 [= alfius], Nicaragua, Colombia to Bolivia M T G Telegonus cretatus adoba (Evans, 1952) TL: Brazil (ES) M T Telegonus creteus (Cramer, 1780) Whitened Flasher iN Telegonus creteus crana (Evans, 1952) SE Mexico to Panama M T S Telegonus creteus crilla (Evans, 1952) TL: Ecuador M T Telegonus creteus cyprus (Evans, 1952) TL: Bolivia M T Telegonus creteus creteus (Cramer, 1780) Panama to Guianas and Bolivia M S IL G Telegonus creteus siges Mabille, 1903 TL: Brazil M T Telegonus bifascia (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Green-headed Flasher SE Mexico to Panama M T S Telegonus latimargo (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) White-edged Flasher Panama, Colombia, Ecuador iN M T OI S Telegonus tinda (Evans, 1952) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Telegonus chiriquensis Staudinger, 1876 Chiriqui Flasher iN Telegonus chiriquensis chiriquensis Staudinger, 1876 E Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador M T S IL L Telegonus chiriquensis erana (Evans, 1952) TL: Ecuador M T Telegonus chiriquensis meretrix (Hewitson, 1876) TL: Ecuador M T Telegonus chiriquensis oenander (Hewitson, 1876) TL: Brazil (Pa) M IL G Telegonus weymeri (Plötz, 1882) Weymer’s Flasher iN M S HS Telegonus cretellus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Jamaican Flasher [= jaira] Jamaica; ref.13 iN M T S L Telegonus cassander (Fabricius, 1793) Cuban Flasher Cuba and Isla de Juventud iN M T S G Telegonus galesus Mabille, 1888 Peru; ref.13 iN M T OI Telegonus subflavus Grishin, 2022 Ecuador; ref.13 M T Telegonus cassius (Evans, 1952) Dull Flasher Costa Rica to Venezuela; ref.7,13 M T S L G Telegonus anausis Godman & Salvin, 1896 'Caribbean' Yellow-tipped Flasher ref.11 iN Telegonus anausis annetta (Evans, 1952) S Texas to Guiana and Peru M T S1 S2 L1 L2 I G Telegonus anausis anoma (Evans, 1952) TL: Trinidad M T Telegonus anausis aniza (Evans, 1952) TL: Peru M T Telegonus anausis anausis Godman & Salvin, 1896 Greater Antilles, Virgin Is., Montserrat to Grenada M T S Telegonus anaphus (Cramer, 1777) ref.11 iN M T IL Telegonus hyster (Dyar, 1916) Hyster Skipper Mexico, El Salvador iN M T S L G Telegonus cellus (Boisduval & Le Conte, [1837]) Golden Banded-Skipper E US to SE AZ, S to El Salv. iN M T OI OD S1 S2 S3 S4 IL L1 L2 L3 I Ha G Txt Telegonus siermadror (Burns, 1984) East-Mexican Banded-Skipper NE Mexico; cloud forest iN M T L G Autochton Hübner, 1823 Autochton sulfureolus (Mabille, 1883) iN M S G Autochton reflexus (Mabille & Boullet, 1912) TL: Brazil (SC) M T S Autochton neis (Geyer, 1832) Broad Banded-Skipper E & W Mexico to S Brazil and Paraguay iN M T S Ab L G Autochton dora Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Autochton integrifascia (Mabille, 1891) iN M S L Autochton itylus Hübner, 1823 iN M OI S L Autochton bipunctatus (Gmelin, [1790]) Gmelin's Banded-Skipper SE Mexico to Bolivia and Brazil iN M T S L I Autochton potrillo (Lucas, 1857) Potrillo Skipper Jamaica, Cuba, Hispaniola iN M T G Autochton caballo Grishin, 2023 Caballo Skipper SE AZ (stray), S TX to Costa Rica; ref.19 M S1 S2 L1 L2 I G Autochton reducta (Mabille & Boullet, 1919) Reduced-saddle Skipper Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad; ref.7,19 M S Autochton oryx (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862) ref.7 iN M T OI S Spathilepia A. Butler, 1870 Spathilepia clonius (Cramer, 1775) Falcate Skipper S TX (sporadic) to N Argentina iN M T S1 S2 IL L I G Astraptes Hübner, [1819] Astraptes erycina (Plötz, 1881) Brazil iN M S IL G Astraptes mabillei Steinhauser, 1989 TL: Bolivia M T S Astraptes halesius (Hewitson, 1877) Amazonian iN M T S Astraptes centralis Grishin, 2023 Nicaragua to Panama; ref.153 Astraptes aulus (Plötz, 1881) Green-tinged Flasher in S. Am. to Peru and Argentina iN M T OI S G Astraptes enotrus (Stoll, 1781) White-spotted Flasher E & W Mexico to S Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia iN M T S IL L G Astraptes janeira (Schaus, 1902) Schaus' Flasher iN M T S L Narcosius Steinhauser, 1986 Narcosius colossus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Colossal Flasher SE Mexico to Colombia and Venezuela iN M T S1 S2 I1 I2 G Narcosius granadensis (Möschler, 1879) Venezuela; ref.7 M T S G Narcosius dosula (Evans, 1952) iN M T Narcosius hercules (E. Bell, 1956) TL: Bolivia M T Narcosius steinhauseri Austin, 1996 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T OI G Narcosius narcosius (Stoll, 1790) iN M T S G Narcosius aulina (Evans, 1952) TL: French Guiana M T Narcosius helen (Evans, 1952) Steely Flasher E & W Mexico to Panama; ref.7 M T S I G Narcosius parisi (R. Williams, 1927) iN M T IL G Narcosius odysseus Austin, 1996 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T OI G Txt Narcosius mura (R. Williams, 1927) TL: Brazil (Am) M T S IL G Txt Narcosius pseudomura Austin, 1996 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T OI G Txt Narcosius nazaraeus Steinhauser, 1986 Nazareus Flasher SE Mexico to Guianas, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia iN M T S L G Narcosius samson (Evans, 1952) Samson Flasher SE Mexico to Brazil and Bolivia iN M T S1 S2 I1 I2 G Proteides Hübner, [1819] Proteides mercurius (Fabricius, 1787) Mercurial Skipper iN Proteides mercurius mercurius (Fabricius, 1787) continental, S Texas to Argentina, SE Arizona as rare stray M OI S1 S2 IL L I1 I2 G Proteides mercurius sanantonio (Lucas, 1857) Cuba, [one-time stray to Florida] M S L Proteides mercurius sanchesi E. Bell & W. Comstock, 1948 Hispaniola M T S Proteides mercurius jamaicensis Skinner, 1920 Jamaica M T S Proteides mercurius pedro (Dewitz, 1877) Puerto Rico M S Proteides mercurius vincenti E. Bell & W. Comstock, 1948 St. Vincent M T S Proteides mercurius angasi Godman & Salvin, 1884 Dominica, St. Lucia, Tobago M T S Proteides mercurius grenadensis Enrico & Pinchon, 1969 Grenada M S Proteides maysi (Lucas, 1857) Mays' Skipper Cuba and Isla de Juventud iN M T S Epargyreus Hübner, [1819] Epargyreus zestos (Geyer, 1832) Zestos Skipper iN Epargyreus zestos zestos (Geyer, 1832) Florida, Bahamas, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands to St. Vincent M T S L G Epargyreus zestos inaguarum Clench & Bjorndal, 1980 Great Inagua, Crooked I., Turks and Caicos Islands M T S Epargyreus clarus (Cramer, 1775) Silver-spotted Skipper ref.11,16 iN Epargyreus clarus californicus MacNeill, 1975 BC to Baja California Norte; Sierra Nevada-Cascades, westward M S L I H Epargyreus clarus Rocky Mountain segregate , NE OR, E WA, ID, MT, WY, C & N UT, CO, N NM, Black Hills M S Epargyreus clarus clarus (Cramer, 1775) E USA and Canada to far NE Mexico (hypothetical) M S HS L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 I H G Epargyreus huachuca Dixon, 1955 'Arizona' Silver-spotted Skipper ref.11,16 Epargyreus huachuca profugus Austin, 1998 S NV, N AZ, possibly to central AZ-NM M T L Epargyreus huachuca huachuca Dixon, 1955 S AZ, S NM, far NW Mexico M T S L I H Epargyreus antaeus (Hewitson, 1867) Jamaican Silverdrop Jamaica iN M T S L G Epargyreus spanna Evans, 1952 Hispaniolan Silverdrop Hispaniola iN M T S G Epargyreus orizaba Scudder, 1872 Round-spotted Silverdrop E Mexico to Guatemala; ref.7 M T S L G Epargyreus dicta Evans, 1952 Bolivia; ref.7 iN M T Epargyreus socus (Hübner, [1825]) iN Epargyreus socus sinus Evans, 1952 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Epargyreus socus socus (Hübner, [1825]) TL: ? M G Epargyreus pseudexadeus Westwood, 1852 Brazil; ref.7 M T Epargyreus windi H. Freeman, 1969 Wind’s Silverdrop W Mexico iN M T S L G Epargyreus fractigutta Grishin, 2023 Broken Silverdrop S TX [CA? as stray] to Panama; ref.19 M T S IL L Epargyreus cruza Evans, 1952 Bruised Silverdrop E & W Mexico to Panama; ref.7,19 iN M T L G Epargyreus exadeus (Cramer, 1779) iN M S IL G Epargyreus nutra Evans, 1952 iN M T G Epargyreus aspina Evans, 1952 Spineless Silverdrop E & W Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador iN M T L G Epargyreus spina Evans, 1952 Spined Silverdrop iN Epargyreus spina spina Evans, 1952 E & W Mexico to Brazil and Bolivia M T S G Epargyreus spina verruga Evans, 1952 TL: Peru M T Epargyreus spinta Evans, 1952 iN M T S Epargyreus spinosa Evans, 1952 Suffused Silverdrop W Mexico to Panama iN M T S G Epargyreus clavicornis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) [= chota]; ref.19 iN M T IL G Epargyreus gaumeri Godman & Salvin, 1893 Small-spotted Silverdrop SE Mexico (?) to Honduras; ref.19 Epargyreus gaumeri gaumeri Godman & Salvin, 1893 SE Mexico (?) to Honduras; ref.19 M T OI G Epargyreus gaumeri tenda Evans, 1955 SE Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador; ref.19 M T S L G Epargyreus brodkorbi H. Freeman, 1969 Barely-spotted Silverdrop Chiapas iN M T S L G Epargyreus deleoni H. Freeman, 1977 Long-spotted Silverdrop Yucatan Peninsula (Camp, QRoo, Yuc Mexico) and Belize iN M T S G Epargyreus tmolis (Burmeister, 1875) iN M S IL G Epargyreus barisses (Hewitson, 1874) iN Epargyreus barisses barisses (Hewitson, 1874) TL: Bolivia M T S IL G Epargyreus barisses argentina Mabille, 1903 TL: ? M T S G Epargyreus enispe (Hewitson, 1867) TL: S. Amer. Epargyreus enispe enispe (Hewitson, 1867) TL: S. Amer. M T S IL G Epargyreus enispe elta Evans, 1952 TL: Bolivia M T Chioides Lindsey, 1921 Chioides albofasciatus (Hewitson, 1867) White-striped Longtail S TX, S NM, SE AZ, to Costa Rica; Baja California Sur iN M T S IL L1 L2 L3 I H G Chioides catillus (Cramer, 1779) iN Chioides catillus albius Evans, 1952 Costa Rica and Panama M T S1 S2 L I G Chioides catillus catillus (Cramer, 1779) TL: Surinam M S1 S2 IL L Chioides catillus jethira (A. Butler, 1870) TL: Peru M T S IL G Chioides churchi E. Bell & W. Comstock, 1948 Jamaican Longtail Jamaica iN M T S Chioides cinereus (Mabille & Vuillot, 1891) TL: Brazil M T S IL Chioides concinnus (Mabille, 1877) Peru iN M T OI S G Chioides vintra Evans, 1952 St. Vincent Longtail St. Vincent, Grenadines, Grenada M T S Chioides iverna Evans, 1952 iN M T S Chioides zilpa (A. Butler, 1872) Zilpa Longtail S AZ-NM (stray) & S TX, S to Venezuela and Ecuador iN M T OD S1 S2 IL L I1 I2 G Chioides ixion (Plötz, 1880) Hispaniolan Longtail Hispaniola iN M T S Chioides marmorosa (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Cuban Longtail Cuba M T S Tribe Eudamini, Subtribe Loboclina Aguna R. Williams, 1927 Aguna malia Evans, 1952 Venezuela; ref.20 M T G Aguna megaeles (Mabille, 1888) iN M T OI S IL Aguna mcguirei Grishin, 2023 McGuire's Aguna S TX to Panama; ref.19 M S L I Aguna metophis (Latreille, [1824]) Long-tailed Aguna C Am. to Brazil; ref.19 iN M T IL Aguna camagura (R. Williams, 1926) iN M T S Aguna asander (Hewitson, 1867) Gold-spotted Aguna iN Aguna asander asander (Hewitson, 1867) SE AZ & S TX (as stray) to Argentina M T S L I G Aguna asander haitensis (Mabille & Boullet, 1912) Cuba and Hispaniola M T S Aguna asander jasper Evans, 1952 Jamaica M T S L Aguna albistria (Plötz, 1880) iN Aguna albistria albistria (Plötz, 1880) TL: Brazil ([Pa]) M T TI S IL L Aguna albistria leucogramma (Mabille, 1888) SE Mexico to Colombia and Venezuela (Surinam?) M T OI S Aguna claxon Evans, 1952 Emerald Aguna Cuba, S Texas to Colombia and Surinam iN M T S L I G Aguna claxonica Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Aguna prasinus Siewert, Leviski, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015 Panama; ref.32 M OI OD Aguna clina Evans, 1952 iN M T S Aguna latifascia Austin & O. Mielke, 1998 iN M T S Aguna coelus (Stoll, 1781) Stoll's Aguna Costa Rica and Panama to Peru and central Brazil iN M T S Aguna cirrus Evans, 1952 TL: Brazil (SP) M T S G Aguna coeloides Austin & O. Mielke, 1998 Austin's Aguna SE Mexico to southern Brazil iN M T S1 S2 HS I1 I2 Aguna nicolayi Austin & O. Mielke, 1998 iN M T S Aguna venezuelae O. Mielke, 1971 TL: Venezuela M T S Aguna latimacula Austin & O. Mielke, 1998 TL: Brazil (MG) M T Aguna aurunce (Hewitson, 1867) iN Aguna aurunce aurunce (Hewitson, 1867) TL: Brazil (Am) M T S IL Aguna aurunce hypozonius (Plötz, 1880) SE Mexico to Venezuela M S L I Aguna glaphyrus (Mabille, 1888) iN M T S Aguna esmeralda Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Aguna penicillata Austin & O. Mielke, 1998 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T S Aguna spicata Austin & O. Mielke, 1998 iN M T S Aguna longicauda Austin & O. Mielke, 1998 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T OI Aguna ganna (Möschler, 1879) Ganna Aguna Costa Rica to Colombia and Venezuela iN M T S IL Aguna panama Austin & O. Mielke, 1998 Panamanian Aguna Honduras to Venezuela iN M T1 T2 S I Aguna spatulata Austin & O. Mielke, 1998 iN M T S Aguna similis Austin & O. Mielke, 1998 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T S Aguna lata Grishin, 2023 Guyana; ref.153 Aguna mesodentata Austin & O. Mielke, 1998 iN M T S Aguna squamalba Austin & O. Mielke, 1998 iN M T S Aguna parva Austin & O. Mielke, 1998 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T S Zeutus Grishin, 2019 Zeutus zeutus (Möschler, 1879) Zeutus Banded-Skipper SE Mexico to Guianas and Bolivia; ref.7 iN M T S1 S2 L I G Lobocla Moore, 1884 the only Old World genus of Eudaminae Lobocla liliana (Atkinson, 1871) Asian species, shown here for comparison iN Lobocla liliana ignatius (Plötz, 1882) Asian species, shown here for comparison M T S Lobocla liliana liliana (Atkinson, 1871) Asian species, shown here for comparison M S G Lobocla aborica (Tytler, 1915) Asian species, shown here for comparison Lobocla aborica aborica (Tytler, 1915) Asian species, shown here for comparison M T G Lobocla aborica zesta Evans, 1952 Asian species, shown here for comparison M T Lobocla aborica tonka Evans, 1952 Asian species, shown here for comparison M T Lobocla quadripunctata Fan & Wang, 2004 Asian species, shown here for comparison M T S G Lobocla disparalis Murayama, 1995 Asian species, shown here for comparison M OI OD Lobocla bifasciatus (Bremer & Grey, 1853) Asian species, shown here for comparison iN M T S G Lobocla contractus (Leech, 1894) Asian species, shown here for comparison M T S G Lobocla germanus (Oberthür, 1886) Asian species, shown here for comparison iN M T S G Lobocla nepos (Oberthür, 1886) Asian species, shown here for comparison iN Lobocla nepos nepos (Oberthür, 1886) Asian species, shown here for comparison M T S G Lobocla nepos phyllis (Hemming, 1933) Asian species, shown here for comparison M S Lobocla proximus (Leech, 1891) Asian species, shown here for comparison iN M T S G Lobocla simplex (Leech, 1891) Asian species, shown here for comparison iN M T S G Lobotractus Grishin, 2019 Lobotractus mysie (Dyar, 1904) Mysie Skipper SE AZ & N Son.; ref.113,114,115,12 M T S L I H F Ha Lobotractus valeriana (Plötz, 1881) Valeriana Skipper N. Mexico to Oaxaca; ref.113,114,115,7,12 iN M T S L G Lobotractus uvydixa (Dyar, 1914) Variable Mottled-Skipper S Mexico: Guerrero to Chiapas iN Lobotractus uvydixa dark segregate (, ) W Mexico: Sonora to Michoacan M S L I Lobotractus uvydixa uvydixa (Dyar, 1914) TL: Mexico (Gue) M T S L Ha Lobotractus cyda (Godman, 1901) Cyda Mottled-Skipper Chiapas to Nicaragua iN M T OI S IL Codatractus Lindsey, 1921 Codatractus cyledis (Dyar, 1912) Cyledis Mottled-Skipper S Mexico iN M T S L Ha G Codatractus bryaxis (Hewitson, 1867) Golden Mottled-Skipper N Mexico to Honduras iN M T S IL L G Codatractus imalena (A. Butler, 1872) Bluish Mottled-Skipper Costa Rica to northern Brazil iN M T OI S1 S2 IL L I1 I2 Codatractus arizonensis (Skinner, 1905) Arizona Mottled-Skipper S AZ, S NM, W TX to Oaxaca iN M T S L1 L2 I H G Codatractus sallyae A. Warren, 1995 Sally’s Mottled-Skipper W Mexico, Yucatan Peninsula, Guatemala; ref.22 iN M T S L Codatractus melon (Godman & Salvin, 1893) Melon Mottled-Skipper N Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S1 S2 IL L I Codatractus carlos Evans, 1952 Carlos' Mottled-Skipper C Mexico to Colombia (at least) iN M T S L G Codatractus rowena Evans, 1952 Venezuela; ref.7 iN Codatractus rowena rowena Evans, 1952 TL: Venezuela M T G Codatractus rowena arguta Evans, 1952 TL: Trinidad M T Codatractus alcaeus (Hewitson, 1867) White-crescent Mottled-Skipper S Texas to Costa Rica iN M T S IL L I G Codatractus apulia Evans, 1952 White-crescent Mottled-Skipper Panama (?) to W Ecuador; ref.7 M T S G Codatractus yucatanus H. Freeman, 1977 Yucatan Mottled-Skipper Yucatan Peninsula iN M T Codatractus aminias (Hewitson, 1867) iN M T IL L Zestusa Lindsey, 1925 Zestusa dorus (W. H. Edwards, 1882) Short-tailed Skipper (Northern Zestusa) far S CO-UT, AZ, NM, W TX, N Mexico iN M T S L1 L2 L3 I Ha G Zestusa elwesi (Godman & Salvin, 1893) Mexican Zestusa Durango to Oaxaca iN M T S L G Zestusa staudingeri (Mabille, 1888) Southern Zestusa Chiapas to El Salvador iN M T OI S L Zestusa levona Steinhauser, 1972 Levona's Zestusa Chiapas to El Salvador iN M T Ridens Evans, 1952 Ridens harpagus (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) iN M T S IL Ridens philistus (Hopffer, 1874) iN Ridens philistus philistus (Hopffer, 1874) TL: Peru M T S Ridens philistus philia Evans, 1952 TL: Colombia M T S Ridens allyni H. Freeman, 1979 Allyn’s Ridens SE Mexico, Guatemala iN M T1 T2 G Ridens mephitis (Hewitson, 1876) Hewitson's Ridens SE Mexico to Peru and Bolivia iN M T S1 S2 I1 I2 Ridens fulminans (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) iN M T S Ridens angulinea Grishin, 2023 S Peru & Bolivia; ref.153 M T Ridens fulima Evans, 1952 S Brazil iN M T S L Ridens pacasa (R. Williams, 1927) Peru & Bolivia iN M T S Ridens bidens Austin, 1998 TL: Brazil (Rd) M OI Ridens conservationinternationalis Burns & Grishin, 2023 TL: Costa Rica Ridens bridgmani (Weeks, 1902) TL: Bolivia M T S Ridens miltas (Godman & Salvin, 1893) Mexican Ridens E Mexico M T S IL G Ridens mercedes Steinhauser, 1983 White-tailed Ridens SW Mexico M T S G Ridens crison (Godman & Salvin, 1893) Many-spotted Ridens SE Mexico, Guatemala iN M T S IL G Ridens howarthi Steinhauser, 1974 Many-spotted Ridens El Salvador M T G Ridens cachinnans (Godman, 1901) Many-spotted Ridens Costa Rica, Panama M T OI S IL I G Ridens biolleyi (Mabille, 1900) Biolley's Ridens Costa Rica, Panama M T S1 S2 I1 I2 I3 Ridens ridens (Hewitson, 1876) Frosted Skipper Costa Rica & Panama M T S G Ridens fieldi Steinhauser, 1974 Field's Ridens Guatemala (Volcan Sta. Maria) M T G Ridens toddi Steinhauser, 1974 Todd’s Skipper S Mexico (CHIS) to El Salvador M T S G Ridens panche (R. Williams, 1927) Panche Ridens Costa Rica to Colombia and Ecuador iN M T S1 S2 I1 I2 Ridens tristis (Draudt, [1922]) iN M T S G Ridens telegonoides (Mabille & Boullet, 1912) TL: Colombia M T OI Ridens nora Evans, 1952 Colombia, Ecuador & Peru iN M T S Venada Evans, 1952 Venada [n. sp.] N/A, N/A Cryptic Scarlet-eye ["advena"], Mexico, Guatemala, (Nicaragua?) M S Venada nevada Burns, 2005 Nevada Scarlet-eye Costa Rica M T OD S1 S2 I1 I2 G Venada advena (Mabille, 1889) Advena Scarlet-eye Panama and Colombia, at least iN M T OI Venada daneva Burns, 2005 Daneva Scarlet-eye Costa Rica iN M T OD S1 S2 L I1 I2 G Venada lamella Burns, 2013 Lamella Scarlet-eye Mexico, Guatemala, (Nicaragua?), Costa Rica, Panama M T S1 S2 G Venada cacao Burns, 2005 Cacao Scarlet-eye Costa Rica and Panama iN M T OD S I G Venada naranja Burns, 2005 Orange Scarlet-eye Costa Rica iN M T OD S1 S2 I1 I2 G Tribe Eudamini, Subtribe Cephisina Cephise Evans, 1952 Cephise impunctus Austin & O. Mielke, 2000 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T Cephise cephise (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) TL: ? M T S IL Cephise nuspesez Burns, 1996 Burns' Scarlet-eye E Mexico to Costa Rica M T S1 S2 I1 I2 Cephise malesedis Austin & O. Mielke, 2000 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T Cephise maculatus Austin & O. Mielke, 2000 iN M T Cephise burnsi Austin & O. Mielke, 2000 TL: Brazil (ES) M T OI Cephise mexicanus Austin & O. Mielke, 2000 Mexican Scarlet-eye SLP, OAX (Mexico) M T Cephise glarus (Mabille, 1888) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T OI S Cephise aelius (Plötz, 1881) Longtailed Scarlet-eye E & S Mexico to Venezuela and Colombia iN M T S1 S2 IL L I1 I2 G Cephise callias (Mabille, 1888) TL: [Venezuela] M T OI S IL Cephise procerus (Plötz, 1880) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T IL Cephise guatemalaensis (H. Freeman, 1977) Guatemalan Scarlet-eye Guatemala, Chiapas, Quintana Roo M T Tribe Eudamini, Subtribe Telemiadina Ectomis Mabille, 1878 phenotypicaly diverse but genetically compact genus; ref.7 Ectomis gyges (Evans, 1952) iN M T S Ectomis hirtius (A. Butler, 1870) iN M T IL Ectomis roma (Evans, 1952) iN M T Ectomis asine (Hewitson, 1867) Asine Longtail N Mexico to Panama iN M T S1 S2 IL L I1 I2 Ectomis mexicanus (H. Freeman, 1969) Mexican Longtail SE AZ, S TX (as stray), N Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S1 S2 L Ectomis octomaculata (Sepp, [1844]) Eight-spotted Longtail (SE AZ as stray), S Texas to Argentina iN M T OI S1 S2 IL L I G Ectomis maizae (Hellebuyck, 1998) Melanic Longtail Nicaragua M T Ectomis ceculus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) iN M T IL Ectomis caunus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Four-spotted Longtail E Mexico to S Brazil and Paraguay iN M T S1 S2 L I G Ectomis auginus (Hewitson, 1867) Auginus Longtail SE Mexico to S Brazil iN M T S IL L I Ectomis metallescens (Mabille, 1888) Metallescens Skipper SE Mexico to Peru and northern Brazil iN M T S L G Ectomis kanshul (Shuey, 1991) Kanshul Longtail S Mexico, Belize, NE Costa Rica iN M S L I1 I2 Ectomis eudoxus (Stoll, 1781) iN M OI IL L Ectomis minvanes (R. Williams, 1926) TL: Brazil (MT) M T G Ectomis labriaris (A. Butler, 1877) iN M T S IL Ectomis cythna (Hewitson, 1878) iN Ectomis cythna cythna (Hewitson, 1878) TL: ? M T S L Ectomis cythna ega Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Am) M T OD Ectomis speculum (Austin, 2008) Hidden Mirror Skipper French Guiana to Brazil M OI OD S G Ectomis teutas (Hewitson, 1876) TL: Brazil (Am) M T S Ectomis pervivax (Hübner, [1819]) Pervivax Skipper Costa Rica to Bolivia, Peru and N Brazil iN M T OI S1 S2 HS I Ectomis bahiana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) iN M T OI S Ectomis orphne (Plötz, 1881) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T TI S Ectomis otriades (Hewitson, 1867) TL: Brazil (Am) M T S Ectomis epicincea (A. Butler & H. Druce, 1872) Stub-tailed Skipper SE Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S G Ectomis perniciosus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Perniciosus Skipper Panama to Bolivia and C Brazil iN M T S L Ectomis cuminaensis (R.F. d'Almeida, 1976) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Ectomis orpheus (Plötz, 1881) iN M T TI Ectomis perna (Evans, 1952) TL: Colombia M T Ectomis albovenae (E. Bell, 1932) iN M T Telemiades Hübner, [1819] Telemiades litanicus (Hewitson, 1876) TL: Brazil (Am) M T S Telemiades amphion (Geyer, 1832) iN M T S Telemiades belli Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 Telemiades fides E. Bell, 1949 Small Telemiades E & W Mexico to Colombia, Ecuador and upper Amazon iN M T S1 S2 L I1 I2 Telemiades marpesus (Hewitson, 1876) iN M IL G Telemiades misitheus Mabille, 1888 TL: Peru M T OI S L Telemiades pekahia (Hewitson, 1868) TL: Venezuela M T Txt Telemiades avitus (Stoll, 1781) Yellow-spotted Telemiades SE Mexico to N Amazon iN M T S L I G Telemiades xantho Hayward, 1939 TL: Argentina Telemiades austini Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 iN Telemiades laogonus (Hewitson, 1876) iN M T Telemiades vansa Evans, 1953 TL: Guyana M T OD Telemiades penidas (Hewitson, 1867) Penidas Telemiades Costa Rica to S Brazil iN M T S IL L Telemiades pallidus Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 Telemiades antiope (Plötz, 1882) Plötz's Telemiades Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Colombia, S Brazil iN M T OI OD S1 S2 L I1 I2 Telemiades atlantiope Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 iN Telemiades lamasi Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 Telemiades corbulo (Stoll, 1781) Corbulo Skipper Guianas, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, upper and lower Amazon iN M T S IL L G Telemiades quammeni Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 Telemiades insulsus (Draudt, 1922) TL: Brazil M T G Telemiades oiclus (Mabille, 1889) Oiclus Skipper [= cora], Honduras to Panama M T OI S I1 I2 Telemiades choricus (Schaus, 1902) Mexican Telemiades W & S Mexico, Belize iN M T S L G Telemiades epicalus Hübner, [1819] Hübner's Telemiades Panama to S Brazil iN M T S L G Telemiades sila Evans, 1953 Sila Telemiades Nicaragua to Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador iN M T S Telemiades dawkinsi Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 Telemiades warreni Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 Telemiades mielkei Siewert & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 Telemiades nicki Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2021 ref.37 Telemiades centrites (Hewitson, 1870) iN M T S Txt Telemiades esmeraldas Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 Telemiades contra Evans, 1953 Ecuador; ref.7 M T OD Telemiades gallius (Mabille, 1888) Centrites Skipper Costa Rica and Panama, mid-elevation rain forest iN M T OI S L I Telemiades chrysorrhoea (Godman & Salvin, 1893) Chrysorrhoea Skipper Costa Rica and Panama, cloud forest M T S1 S2 L I1 I2 Telemiades megallus Mabille, 1888 Orange Telemiades SE Mexico (?) to Costa Rica M T OI S1 S2 I1 I2 G Telemiades squanda Evans, 1953 iN M T S IL G Telemiades moa Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 Telemiades nicomedes (Möschler, 1879) Dark Telemiades SE Mexico to Guianas and upper Amazon iN M T S Telemiades trenda Evans, 1953 TL: Surinam M T OD Telemiades pseudotrenda Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 Telemiades amazonica Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 Telemiades meris (Plötz, 1886) Meris Telemiades Panama & Colombia iN M T S1 S2 I1 I2 Telemiades brazus E. Bell, 1949 Brazil; ref.7 M T TI Telemiades cryptus Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.36 Telemiades delalande (Latreille, [1824]) Delalande Skipper Guatemala to Venezuela, Peru, upper Amazon iN M T OI S L Polygonus Hübner, [1825] Polygonus arizonensis (Skinner, 1911) North America Polygon SW USA (mostly as strays) & S TX to Central America; ref.20 M T S L I1 I2 G Polygonus pallida Röber, 1925 Hammock Skipper Central America to Argentina; ref.20 M T S L Polygonus histrio Röber, 1925 Florida and Cuba, some Bahamian islands; ref.20 M S L I Polygonus leo (Gmelin, [1790]) [= lividus, = ishmael], Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, SE to St. Lucia iN M T S IL L G Polygonus hagar Evans, 1952 Jamaica; ref.20 M T S Polygonus punctus E. Bell & W. Comstock, 1948 Dotted Polygon Lesser Antilles; St. Martin S to Grenadines; ref.19 M T S Polygonus pardus Grishin, 2023 Spotted Polygon S TX to Panama; ref.19 M S1 S2 HS L I Polygonus savigny (Latreille, [1824]) Manuel’s Skipper [= manueli], Panama to Argentina; ref.19 iN M T S G Tribe Oileidini, Subtribe Oileidina Oileides Hübner, [1825] Oileides fenestratus (Gmelin, [1790]) TL: [French Guiana] M T S Oileides guyanensis (Mabille & Boullet, 1912) ref.7 M T S Oileides vulpinus Hübner, [1825] iN M OI S Flattoides Grishin, 2019 Flattoides amazonensis (E. Bell, 1947) ref.5 Flattoides amazonensis amazonensis (E. Bell, 1947) TL: Colombia M T S G Flattoides amazonensis renta (Evans, 1952) TL: Peru M T G Tribe Oileidini, Subtribe Typhedanina Typhedanus A. Butler, 1870 includes several species formerly in Cogia; ref.7 Typhedanus umber (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) TL: ? M T S Typhedanus ampyx (Godman & Salvin, 1893) Gold-tufted Skipper W & NE Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S1 S2 L I G Typhedanus salas H. Freeman, 1977 Salas Skipper S Mexico & Belize iN M T S L Typhedanus cajeta (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Yellow-haired Skipper [not Cogia]; ref.7 iN Typhedanus cajeta cajeta (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) SE Mexico to Nicaragua M T S L G Typhedanus cajeta eluina (Godman & Salvin, 1894) W Mexico to Costa Rica M T S1 S2 L I Typhedanus aventinus (Godman & Salvin, 1894) Trimmed Skipper W Mexico, Yucatan; ref.7 iN M T S1 S2 IL L1 L2 Ha Typhedanus mala (Evans, 1953) Bad Gogia Guatemala; ref.7 M T HS Typhedanus buena (A. Warren, Dolibaina & Hernández-Mejía, 2015) Good Gogia S Mexico; ref.23,7 iN M S Oechydrus E. Watson, 1893 Oechydrus chersis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) iN Oechydrus chersis chersis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) TL: ? M T S Oechydrus chersis ochrilinea (Schaus, 1902) TL: Peru M T S Oechydrus chersis rufus Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (RJ) M T OD S Oechydrus evelinda (A. Butler, 1870) S Brazil; ref.7 M T TI S G Cogia A. Butler, 1870 includes several species formerly in Typhedanus; ref.7 Cogia crameri (McHenry, 1960) ref.7 iN M T S IL L Cogia undulatus (Hewitson, 1867) Mottled Longtail [not Typhedanus] S Texas (as stray) to Argentina; ref.7 iN M T S1 S2 HS IL L I G Cogia galbula (Plötz, 1880) ref.7 iN M T S IL Cogia optica (Evans, 1952) ref.7 iN M T S Cogia goya (Evans, 1952) Brazil; ref.7 M T S Cogia stylites (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) ref.7 iN M T S IL Cogia aziris (Hewitson, 1867) Brazil; ref.7 iN M T S Cogia cursinoi (O. Mielke, 1979) Brazil; ref.7 M T OI G Cogia eliasi (O. Mielke, 1979) Brazil; ref.7 M T OI G Cogia hassan A. Butler, 1870 iN Cogia hassan hassan A. Butler, 1870 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Cogia hassan evansi E. Bell, 1937 TL: Bolivia M T S Cogia abdul Hayward, 1947 iN M TI G Cogia troilus Mabille, 1898 TL: Bolivia M T S Cogia punctilia Plötz, 1882 iN M T S Cogia cerradicola (O. Mielke, 1967) iN M T OI S G Cogia outis (Skinner, 1894) Outis Skipper NE Mexico (CHIH, COAH), Texas, S-C OK to far SW MO iN M T S L1 L2 I H Ha G Cogia hippalus (W. H. Edwards, 1882) Acacia Skipper iN Cogia hippalus peninsularis L. Miller & MacNeill, 1969 Baja California Sur M T S Cogia hippalus hippalus (W. H. Edwards, 1882) AZ, SW NM, W & S TX, W Mexico M T S L I H G Cogia hiska Evans, 1953 'East-Mexican' Acacia Skipper E Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.146 Cogia hiska hiska Evans, 1953 E Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.146 M T S1 S2 L I G Cogia hiska hester Evans, 1953 Colombia & Venezuela; ref.146 M T OD Cogia azila Evans, 1953 TL: Bolivia M T OD Cogia moschus (W. H. Edwards, 1882) Gold-costa Skipper SE AZ, S NM to N MX; ref.146 M S L I H G Cogia caicus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Mexican Gold-costa Skipper N MX to Oax; ref.146 iN M T S L G Cogia chiagua Grishin, 2023 Southern Gold-costa Skipper Chiapas to Costa Rica; ref.146 M T S Cogia calchas (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Mimosa Skipper S Texas to N Argentina iN M T S1 S2 L1 L2 I G Cogia grandis N. Riley, 1921 iN M T S Cogia elaites (Hewitson, 1867) TL: Brazil (MG) M T Nerula Mabille, 1888 Nerula fibrena (Hewitson, 1877) TL: Brazil (Am) M T OI S Nerula tuba Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T OD Marela Mabille, 1903 Marela tamyroides (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) iN M T S L Marela tamyris Mabille, 1903 iN M T TI S L Marela tamba Evans, 1953 Peru; ref.7 M T S Subfamily Pyrrhopyginae Tribe Pyrrhopygini Azonax Godman & Salvin, 1893 Azonax typhaon (Hewitson, 1877) Typhaon Skipper SE Mexico (OAX), Nicaragua M T S L Azonax guiana O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 French Guiana; ref.30 M S Azonax urupa O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 Brazil (Rd); ref.30 Zonia Evans, 1951 Zonia zonia Evans, 1951 Zonia Skipper iN Zonia zonia panamensis Nicolay, 1975 Belize, Panama M T OI S G Zonia zonia zonia Evans, 1951 N Brazil (Am) M T TI Zonia zonia diabo O. Mielke & Casagrande, 1998 SE Brazil (SP) M T Zonia zonia eberti O. Mielke, C. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022 ref.30 Granila Mabille, 1903 Granila paseas (Hewitson, 1857) Paseas Skipper SE Brazil, Paraguay iN M T OI S IL Aspitha Evans, 1951 Aspitha leander (Boullet, 1912) Leander Firetip SE Mexico (OAX), Panama, Colombia iN M T S IL G Txt Aspitha aspitha (Hewitson, 1866) Aspitha Firetip iN Aspitha aspitha parima (Plötz, 1886) Trinidad, French Guiana, Surinam, N Brazil M TI Aspitha aspitha aspitha (Hewitson, 1866) N Brazil (Pa, Am) M T TI S Aspitha aspitha rufescens (N. Riley, 1919) Brazil (Rd) M T S Aspitha teffa Evans, 1951 ref.30 M T Aspitha bassleri (E. Bell, 1940) Bassler's Firetip Peru M T S Aspitha agenoria (Hewitson, 1876) Red-lobed Firetip iN Aspitha agenoria cruor (H. Druce, 1908) Peru M T Aspitha agenoria agenoria (Hewitson, 1876) Colombia, Peru, Bolivia M T S IL Myscelus Hübner, [1819] Myscelus nobilis (Cramer, 1777) Noble Myscelus Surinam, Venezuela, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia iN M T S Myscelus illustris Mabille, 1903 ref.30 M T HS IL Myscelus amystis (Hewitson, 1867) Widespread Myscelus iN Myscelus amystis hages Godman & Salvin, 1893 E & W Mexico to Panama M T S1 S2 HS L I Ha G Myscelus amystis muttra Evans, 1951 Colombia (Valle del Cauca) M T Myscelus amystis amystis (Hewitson, 1867) Trinidad, Venezuela, Colombia M T TI S Myscelus amystis distinctus Röber, 1925 Ecuador M S G Myscelus amystis mysus Evans, 1951 Peru, Bolivia M T S Myscelus epigona Herrich-Schäffer, 1869 S Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina; ref.30 M T TI S HS IL Myscelus phoronis (Hewitson, 1867) Phoronis Myscelus iN Myscelus phoronis phoronis (Hewitson, 1867) Guatemala, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M T TI S IL L Myscelus phoronis caucanus Staudinger, 1888 Colombia M T S Agara Mabille & Boullet, 1908 Agara belti (Godman & Salvin, 1879) Belt's Myscelus SE Mexico (OAX, VER, CHIS) to Venezuela, Colombia & Ecuador iN Agara belti belti (Godman & Salvin, 1879) SE Mexico (OAX, VER, CHIS) to Venezuela, Colombia & Ecuador M T TI S I1 I2 I3 Agara belti caucaensis (Constantino, Salazar & Vargas, 2013) W Colombia; ref.58 Agara perissodora (Dyar, 1914) Dyar's Myscelus S Mexico (GRO, OAX, VER) to Colombia & Venezuela iN M T S L I G Agara pegasus (Mabille, 1903) Pegasus Myscelus French Guiana, Venezuela, Ecuador M T TI S Agara draudti (N. Riley, 1926) Draudt's Myscelus Peru, Bolivia M T S Agara epimachia (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Red Myscelus iN Agara epimachia verina (Evans, 1951) Ecuador M T S Agara epimachia epimachia (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, S Brazil M S IL Agara epimachia nevada O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022 ref.30 Agara epimachia hermieri O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Agara epimachia edix (Evans, 1951) SE Brazil, Paraguay M T S Agara santhilarius (Latreille, [1824]) Hilarious Myscelus SE Brazil iN M T S IL Agara assaricus (Cramer, 1779) Fiery Myscelus iN Agara assaricus assaricus (Cramer, 1779) French Guiana, Surinam, N Brazil M T S G Agara assaricus mapirica Strand, 1921 S Venezuela, Peru, Brazil (Rd) M T S IL Agara michaeli (Nicolay, 1975) Fiery Myscelus SE Mexico (OAX, CHIS), Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama M T OI S1 S2 L I G Agara pardalina (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Flaming Myscelus iN Agara pardalina kesselringi (O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2011) Peru M T OI Agara pardalina guarea (Evans, 1951) N Brazil (Para) M T G Agara pardalina pardalina (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil M T S IL Agara pardalina yacutinga (O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2011) Argentina & Paraguay M T OI Agara gallardi O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Passova Evans, 1951 Passova nigrocephala (E. Bell, 1934) Black-headed Firetip Colombia iN M T S Passova polemon (Hopffer, 1874) Polemon Firetip S Brazil iN M T S IL L Passova ganymedes (E. Bell, 1931) Mimetic Firetip iN Passova ganymedes ganymedes (E. Bell, 1931) Colombia M T S Passova ganymedes gulia Evans, 1951 Ecuador M T Passova ganymedes gelina Evans, 1951 Peru M T S Passova gellias (Godman & Salvin, 1893) Gellias Firetip Belize, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama & Venezuela iN M T S1 S2 IL I1 I2 Passova glacia Evans, 1951 Shining Firetip Surinam, French Guiana iN M T S Passova gazera (Hewitson, 1866) Gazera Firetip Brazil (Amazonas) M T TI S IL Passova passova (Hewitson, 1866) Passova Firetip iN Passova passova gortyna (Hewitson, 1866) N Brazil M T TI S G Passova passova passova (Hewitson, 1866) French Guiana M T S IL Passova passova rudex Evans, 1951 N Brazil, Peru M T S Passova passova styx (Möschler, 1879) Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia M T S Passova passova practa Evans, 1951 S Brazil, Paraguay M T S Passova passova stacer Evans, 1951 Surinam, Guyana M T Passova passova diamantino O. Mielke, C. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022 ref.30 Passova greta Evans, 1951 Great Firetip Peru, Bolivia iN M T S Passova vilna Evans, 1951 Vilna Firetip iN Passova vilna vilna Evans, 1951 Bolivia M T Passova vilna vanta Evans, 1951 Bolivia M T Pyrrhopyge Hübner, [1819] Pyrrhopyge zenodorus Godman & Salvin, 1893 Red-headed Firetip SE Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S L I1 I2 G Pyrrhopyge evansi E. Bell, 1947 Evans' Firetip TL: Colombia Pyrrhopyge evansi evansi E. Bell, 1947 Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela (Bolivar), French Guiana, [Ecuador?] M T S G Pyrrhopyge evansi borburata Orellana, [2010] Venezuela (N slope Cordillera de la Costa, Carabobo) Pyrrhopyge phidias (Linnaeus, 1758) Original Firetip iN Pyrrhopyge phidias hyperici Hübner, 1823 Brazil (Para) M T S IL Pyrrhopyge phidias latifasciata A. Butler, 1873 Colombia M T S IL Pyrrhopyge phidias aldo O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge phidias bixae (Linnaeus, 1758) Surinam, French Guiana, N Brazil to Matto Grosso M S Pyrrhopyge phidias rusca Evans, 1951 Ecuador, Peru, SW Brazil M T Pyrrhopyge phidias leucoloma Erschoff, 1875 Peru, Bolivia M S Pyrrhopyge phidias garata Hewitson, 1866 Guyana, Surinam, [N Venezuela?] M T S IL Pyrrhopyge phidias phidias (Linnaeus, 1758) Trinidad, Surinam, Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil M T S IL Pyrrhopyge guianae E. Bell, 1932 Trinidad, Guyana, French Guiana M T Pyrrhopyge aziza Hewitson, 1866 Aziza Firetip iN Pyrrhopyge aziza aziza Hewitson, 1866 Colombia M T TI S Pyrrhopyge aziza araethyrea Hewitson, 1870 Ecuador M T TI S IL Pyrrhopyge aziza troja Evans, 1951 Peru, Bolivia M T S Pyrrhopyge attis E. Bell, 1931 Bolivia Pyrrhopyge attis lexos Evans, 1951 Guyana, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru M T S Pyrrhopyge attis arbor Evans, 1951 Colombia, Venezuela M T S Pyrrhopyge attis cardus Mabille, 1891 N Brazil M T S Pyrrhopyge attis attis E. Bell, 1931 Bolivia M T Pyrrhopyge attis miersi O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge attis subnubilus Hayward, 1935 Argentina Pyrrhopyge pusca Evans, 1951 Pusca Firetip Peru, Bolivia M T S Pyrrhopyge tingo O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge rafael O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge iquitos O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge sabrina O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge draudti E. Bell, 1931 TL: Bolivia Pyrrhopyge draudti bruno O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge draudti lina E. Bell, 1947 N Brazil (Para) M T Pyrrhopyge draudti cintra Evans, 1951 French Guiana, Surinam, Guyana, N Brazil, NE Peru M T S Pyrrhopyge draudti draudti E. Bell, 1931 Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia (Andean) M T S Pyrrhopyge proculus Hopffer, 1874 Proculus Firetip iN Pyrrhopyge proculus proculus Hopffer, 1874 Trinidad, Guyana, Venezuela (E Cordillera de la Costa), Colombia, N Brazil M T IL Pyrrhopyge proculus ponicia Evans, 1951 French Guiana, Surinam, N Brazil M T S Pyrrhopyge infantilis H. Druce, 1908 Infant Firetip iN Pyrrhopyge infantilis infantilis H. Druce, 1908 Peru, Bolivia M T S IL Pyrrhopyge infantilis agala Evans, 1951 Bolivia M T S Pyrrhopyge thericles Mabille, 1891 Impostor Firetip iN Pyrrhopyge thericles orientis E. Bell, 1947 N Brazil (Para) M T Pyrrhopyge thericles thericles Mabille, 1891 NE Brazil M T S Pyrrhopyge thericles pseudophidias E. Bell, 1931 Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, N Brazil M T S Pyrrhopyge thericles raymondi Orellana, [2010] Venezuela (Cordillera de la Costa, Carabobo, Aragua, Guarico, Miranda) Pyrrhopyge thericles fola Evans, 1951 Colombia, SW Venezuela M T Pyrrhopyge thericles rileyi E. Bell, 1931 Ecuador, Bolivia M T Pyrrhopyge thericles ronda Evans, 1953 Trinidad M T Pyrrhopyge amythaon E. Bell, 1931 Amythaon Firetip TL: Brazil (Pe) Pyrrhopyge amythaon gradens Evans, 1951 N Brazil (Para) M T S Pyrrhopyge amythaon peron E. Bell, 1947 Venezuela (Bolivar), Colombia, NE Peru M T S Pyrrhopyge amythaon podina Evans, 1951 Peru, Bolivia M T Pyrrhopyge amythaon amythaon E. Bell, 1931 Brazil (Pernambuco) M T Pyrrhopyge josephina Draudt, 1921 Peru, Bolivia Pyrrhopyge josephina polka Evans, 1951 French Guiana M T S Pyrrhopyge josephina josephina Draudt, 1921 Peru, Bolivia M T S IL Pyrrhopyge josephina orino Evans, 1951 Colombia, Venezuela (S of Orinoco), Guyana M T S Pyrrhopyge josephina pollio Evans, 1951 Peru M T Pyrrhopyge divisor O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge mina E. Bell, 1931 TL: Bolivia Pyrrhopyge mina mina E. Bell, 1931 TL: Bolivia M T Pyrrhopyge mina ganus E. Bell, 1947 Guyana, Venezuela (Cordillera de la Costa), [Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil?] M T Pyrrhopyge mina previsto O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge sergius Hopffer, 1874 Sergius Firetip iN Pyrrhopyge sergius selina Evans, 1951 Brazil (Para) M T S Pyrrhopyge sergius andros Evans, 1951 Colombia, Venezuela (Amazonas) M T Pyrrhopyge sergius andronicus E. Bell, 1931 Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M T S Pyrrhopyge sergius semana Evans, 1951 Surinam, French Guiana M T S Pyrrhopyge sergius sergius Hopffer, 1874 Peru M T S IL Pyrrhopyge michael O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge jola O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge caribe Orellana, [2010] Caribbean Firetip TL: Venezuela Pyrrhopyge caribe caribe Orellana, [2010] Venezuela (Aragua, Carabobo, Dtto. Capital, Lara, Trujillo, Vargas) Pyrrhopyge caribe camachoi Orellana, [2010] Venezuela (Gran Sabana) Pyrrhopyge eduardo O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge erazoae Orellana, [2010] Erazo's Firetip Venezuela (Bolivar) M S Pyrrhopyge charybdis Westwood, 1852 Charybdis Firetip iN Pyrrhopyge charybdis semita Evans, 1951 Bolivia, S Brazil M T S Pyrrhopyge charybdis charybdis Westwood, 1852 S Brazil M T OI S IL L Pyrrhopyge cressoni E. Bell, 1932 Cresson's Firetip Ecuador, Bolivia M T S Pyrrhopyge pelota Plötz, 1879 Pelota Firetip Bolivia, Paraguay, S Brazil iN M T S Pyrrhopyge amyclas (Cramer, 1779) Yellow-edged Firetip iN Pyrrhopyge amyclas amyclas (Cramer, 1779) Trinidad, Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana, Brazil M S IL Pyrrhopyge amyclas denticulata Herrich-Schäffer, 1869 Ecuador, Peru, Brazil M S L Pyrrhopyge phylleia Hewitson, 1874 Orange-edged Firetip S Peru, Bolivia iN M T TI S IL L G Pyrrhopyge arax Evans, 1951 Arax Firetip SE Peru, Bolivia iN M T S L Pyrrhopyge caranavi O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge haemon Godman & Salvin, 1893 Tawny-rimmed Firetip Costa Rica M T S Pyrrhopyge papius Hopffer, 1874 Papius Firetip iN Pyrrhopyge papius pasca Evans, 1951 Colombia M T S Pyrrhopyge papius papius Hopffer, 1874 Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru (Andean) M T S Pyrrhopyge frona Evans, 1951 Inca Firetip Peru iN M T S Pyrrhopyge melanomerus Mabille & Boullet, 1908 Melanomerus Firetip TL: Bolivia Pyrrhopyge melanomerus patma Evans, 1951 S Ecuador, NE Peru M T Pyrrhopyge melanomerus melanomerus Mabille & Boullet, 1908 Peru, Bolivia M T L Pyrrhopyge afluente O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge decipiens Mabille, 1903 Red-spotted Firetip [Ecuador?], Peru, Bolivia iN M T S Pyrrhopyge placeta Evans, 1951 Placeta Firetip Brazil (ES) M T Pyrrhopyge sanpedro O. Mielke & Lamas, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge hadassa Hewitson, 1866 Hadassa Firetip Colombia, Ecuador, Peru iN M T TI S IL Pyrrhopyge olivacea Röber, 1925 TL: Peru M T Pyrrhopyge hanga Evans, 1951 Peru M T Pyrrhopyge halma Evans, 1951 Peru, Bolivia M T S L Pyrrhopyge pseudohadassa Mabille & Boullet, 1908 Peru M T S L Pyrrhopyge cosnipata O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge terra Evans, 1951 Terra Firetip Bolivia M T S Pyrrhopyge telassina Staudinger, 1888 Peru iN M T S HS Pyrrhopyge telassa Hewitson, 1866 Telassa Firetip Ecuador iN M T TI S IL Pyrrhopyge phaeax Hopffer, 1874 Peru M T S IL L Pyrrhopyge croceimargo Mabille & Boullet, 1908 S Peru, Bolivia M T S IL L Pyrrhopyge leticia O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge mendax Mabille & Boullet, 1908 TL: Peru M T S Pyrrhopyge shiva Evans, 1951 SE Peru, Bolivia M T S L Pyrrhopyge martena Hewitson, [1869] Martena Firetip Ecuador iN M T OI S Pyrrhopyge schausi E. Bell, 1931 Schaus' Firetip Colombia, Ecuador, N Peru M T S Pyrrhopyge sadia Evans, 1951 Sadia Firetip Ecuador, Peru iN M T S Pyrrhopyge creona H. Druce, 1874 Creona Firetip Peru, Brazil (Am) M T S IL Pyrrhopyge kelita Hewitson, [1869] Streaked Firetip SE Peru, Bolivia iN M T OI IL L Pyrrhopyge crista Evans, 1951 Crista Firetip Bolivia M T Pyrrhopyge crida Hewitson, 1871 White-banded Firetip SE Mexico to Colombia and Ecuador iN M T TI S1 S2 IL I1 I2 G Pyrrhopyge mopsus (E. Bell, 1931) Mopsus Firetip Peru Pyrrhopyge mopsus mopsus (E. Bell, 1931) Peru M T S Pyrrhopyge mopsus elisa O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge sarpedon (E. Bell, 1931) Sarpedon Firetip Peru (Amazonas) M T Pyrrhopyge arinas (Cramer, 1777) Arinas Firetip TL: Surinam Pyrrhopyge arinas arinas (Cramer, 1777) French Guiana, Surinam, N Brazil, NE Peru M T TI S IL Pyrrhopyge arinas erica O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge arinas temenos (E. Bell, 1931) Peru M T S Pyrrhopyge cacaulandia O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 ref.30 Pyrrhopyge creusae (E. Bell, 1931) Creusae Firetip French Guiana M T Pyrrhopyge steyermarki Orellana, Costa & Grishin, 2021 Venezuela; ref.83 Pyrrhopyge tatei (E. Bell, 1932) Tate's Firetip Venezuela M T Pyrrhopyge boulleti Le Cerf, 1922 Boullet's Firetip Colombia, Venezuela (Tachira) iN M S Guyanna Grishin, 2022 Guyanna tetricus (E. Bell, 1931) Tetricus Skipper Guyana, Peru; ref.17 iN M T Gunayan O. Mielke, 2002 Gunayan rhacia (Hewitson, [1875]) Rhacia Skipper S Brazil iN M T OI IL Gunayan rubricollis (Sepp, [1841]) Red-collared Skipper French Guiana, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil iN Gunayan rubricollis rubricollis (Sepp, [1841]) French Guiana, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil M T TI S IL L Gunayan rubricollis flemingi (E. Bell, 1947) TL: Venezuela M T Gunayan timaeus (E. Bell, 1931) Timaeus Skipper Colombia, Peru M T S Yanguna E. Watson, 1893 Yanguna cometes (Cramer, 1779) Comet Skipper iN Yanguna cometes cometes (Cramer, 1779) French Guiana, N Brazil (Para) M S Yanguna cometes staudingeri (Plötz, 1879) Surinam, Venezuela (Bolivar), S Colombia (upper Putumayo), Ecuador, N Peru M S IL L Yanguna cometes angeli Orellana, [2010] Venezuela (Tachira) Yanguna cometes cometides Mabille & Boullet, 1908 Peru, Bolivia M S IL Yanguna thelersa (Hewitson, 1866) Thelersa Skipper French Guiana, N Brazil, Ecuador, Peru iN M T S Yanguna blossomiae R. Williams, 1931 TL: Ecuador Yanguna blossomiae blossomiae R. Williams, 1931 TL: Ecuador M T OI Yanguna blossomiae galion O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 French Guiana; ref.30 Yanguna moa O. Mielke, Casagrande & Brockmann, 2022 Peru; ref.30 Yanguna moa moa O. Mielke, Casagrande & Brockmann, 2022 Peru; ref.30 Yanguna moa guiana O. Mielke, Casagrande & Brockmann, 2022 French Guiana; ref.30 Yanguna cosyra (H. Druce, 1875) Cosyra Skipper Guatemala to Colombia and Ecuador iN M T S1 S2 IL I1 I2 I3 G Yanguna spatiosa (Hewitson, 1870) Spatiosa Skipper iN Yanguna spatiosa spatiosa (Hewitson, 1870) W Colombia, Ecuador M T TI S IL L Yanguna spatiosa julian O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 Colombia; ref.30 Yanguna aspilos Mabille & Boullet, 1908 Bolivia Yanguna aspilos mabillei H. Druce, 1909 Peru M T S L Yanguna aspilos lara O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 Peru; ref.30 Yanguna aspilos aspilos Mabille & Boullet, 1908 Bolivia M T OI IL Yanguna erebus (Plötz, 1879) Erebus Skipper Brazil (Ba) M T Apyrrothrix Lindsey, 1921 Apyrrothrix arizonae (Godman & Salvin, 1893) Araxes Skipper SE AZ, SW NM, W TX (local), Son, Chih, NL, Tam, SLP; ref.30 iN M T S L I G Apyrrothrix araxes (Hewitson, 1867) Araxes Skipper iN Apyrrothrix araxes Sinaloa-Durango segregate , NW Mexico (SIN, DGO [probably NW NAY]) M S Apyrrothrix araxes Nayarit segregate , W-central Mexico (SW NAY) M S Apyrrothrix araxes Guerrero-Michoacan segregate , SW Mexico (GRO, MICH) M S Apyrrothrix araxes araxes (Hewitson, 1867) central Mexico (COL, JAL, DF, MOR, HGO, PUE, VER) M T S IL L G Apyrrothrix araxes cyrillus (Plötz, 1879) S Mexico (OAX) M T S L Apyrrothrix mulleri E. Bell, 1934 Red-spotted Skipper SE Mexico (CHIS, OAX, VER) iN M T S L G Apyrrothrix hoffmanni (H. Freeman, 1977) Hoffmann's Skipper SE Mexico (OAX, TAB, CHIS), Belize iN M T OD S L G Apyrrothrix erythrosticta (Godman & Salvin, 1879) Spotted Skipper SE Mexico to Panama iN M T OD S IL I G Txt Apyrrothrix burnsi (O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022) Dotted Skipper SE Mexico to Costa Rica M S1 S2 S3 HS L I1 I2 Apyrrothrix maculosa (Hewitson, 1866) Maculosa Skipper Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela (Zulia) iN M T S IL L Apyrrothrix cossea (H. Druce, 1875) Cossea Skipper Colombia M T S Apyrrothrix sangaris (Skinner, 1921) Sangaris Skipper Colombia M T S Apyrrothrix chalybea (Scudder, 1872) Orange-rimmed Skipper iN Apyrrothrix chalybea chalybea (Scudder, 1872) C Mexico interior (central JAL, GTO, QRO) M S IL L G Apyrrothrix chalybea chloris (Evans, 1951) W and S Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras M T S IL L Apyrrothrix hygieia (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Colombia, N Ecuador; ref.8 iN M T S IL Apyrrothrix zereda (Hewitson, 1866) Zereda Skipper iN Apyrrothrix zereda zereda (Hewitson, 1866) Ecuador M T IL Apyrrothrix zereda rufipectus (Godman & Salvin, 1879) Colombia, C Ecuador M T S Apyrrothrix zereda zepha (Evans, 1951) S Ecuador M T Apyrrothrix zereda insana (Staudinger, 1876) Peru M T S IL Apyrrothrix rufinucha (Godman & Salvin, 1879) Peru, Bolivia; ref.30 M T S IL L Apyrrothrix aesculapus (Staudinger, 1876) Fire-edged Skipper Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador iN M T OD S1 S2 IL I1 I2 G Creonpyge O. Mielke, 2002 Creonpyge creon (H. Druce, 1874) Creon Skipper iN Creonpyge creon creon (H. Druce, 1874) N Costa Rica to Cocle Prov., Panama, Atlantic & Pacific slopes M T S1 S2 IL L I1 I2 G Creonpyge creon lilliana (Nicolay & Small, 1969) Cerro Campana, far E Cocle, far W Panama Prov., Panama M T S Creonpyge creon taylori (Nicolay & Small, 1981) Fila Cruces, Puntarenas, SE Costa Rica M T S Jonaspyge O. Mielke, 2002 Jonaspyge jonas (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1859) Scallop-edged Firetip SE Mexico (HGO, OAX, PUE, VER, CHIS), Guatemala, Nicaragua iN M T OD S IL L G Jonaspyge tzotzili (H. Freeman, 1969) Freeman's Firetip SE Mexico (CHIS, OAX) M T OD S Jonaspyge elizabethae Gallardo & Grishin, 2021 Honduras; ref.116 Ardaris E. Watson, 1893 Ardaris aerata (Godman & Salvin, 1879) Aerata Skipper Colombia iN M T S Ardaris eximia (Hewitson, 1871) Crystal-banded Skipper Venezuela (Cordillera de Merida from Tachira to Trujillo & Lara) iN M T TI S IL Ardaris hantra Evans, 1951 Amber-banded Skipper Venezuela (Cordillera de Merida in Merida) M T Ardaris sela (Hewitson, 1866) Sela Skipper iN Ardaris sela sela (Hewitson, 1866) Colombia M T OI S Ardaris sela aequatorea (Röber, 1925) Colombia, Ecuador, N Peru M T S Ardaris sela peruviana (Draudt, 1921) Peru M T S G Ardaris periphema (Hewitson, [1875]) Peru, Bolivia M T OI S L Ardaris lomax (Evans, 1951) Lomax Skipper Peru iN M T S Ardaris montra (Evans, 1951) Montra Skipper Peru iN M T S Ardaris pityusa (Hewitson, 1857) Pityusa Skipper Ecuador, Peru iN M T OI S IL L Ardaris porus (Plötz, 1879) Porus Skipper iN Ardaris porus porus (Plötz, 1879) Colombia M T OI S HS IL Ardaris porus mortis (Evans, 1951) Peru M T S Ardaris minthe (Godman & Salvin, 1879) Minthe Skipper Colombia, Ecuador, N Peru iN M T S IL Mysoria E. Watson, 1893 Mysoria cosinga (Hewitson, 1874) Cosinga Firetip iN Mysoria cosinga catana (Evans, 1951) Peru, Bolivia M T S Mysoria cosinga circe (Evans, 1951) Bolivia M T S Mysoria cosinga cedra (Evans, 1951) Bolivia M T S G Mysoria cosinga cosinga (Hewitson, 1874) Peru, Bolivia M T TI S HS IL Mysoria xanthippe (Latreille, [1824]) Xanthippe Firetip iN Mysoria xanthippe xanthippe (Latreille, [1824]) S Brazil M T OI IL Mysoria xanthippe spixii (Plötz, 1879) S Brazil M T S HS IL Mysoria damippe (Mabille & Boullet, 1908) Damippe Firetip S Brazil iN M T OI S IL Mysoria pertyi (Plötz, 1879) Perty's Firetip S Brazil iN M IL Mysoria curitiba (O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2002) Curitiba Firetip S Brazil M OI S Mysoria soza (Evans, 1951) Soza Firetip S Brazil (MG, RJ, Pr, SC) iN M T IL G Mysoria oneka (Hewitson, 1866) Oneka Firetip [S Brazil] M T IL Mysoria catomelaena (Mabille & Boullet, 1908) Cato Firetip S Brazil iN Mysoria catomelaena catomelaena (Mabille & Boullet, 1908) S Brazil M T OI Mysoria catomelaena pico (O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022) Brazil (Ba); ref.30 Mysoria antias (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1859) Antias Firetip S Brazil iN M T S IL Mysoria sejanus (Hopffer, 1874) iN Mysoria sejanus stolli (O. Mielke, 2002) Costa Rica, Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana, Brazil, NE Peru M T S IL L Mysoria sejanus sejanus (Hopffer, 1874) Ecuador, Peru M T IL Mysoria sejanus erythrostigma Röber, 1925 Bolivia M T OD S Mysoria ambigua (Mabille & Boullet, 1908) Royal Firetip SE Mexico (CHIS, TAB, VER) to Costa Rica iN M T S1 S2 L I Txt Mysoria barcastus (Sepp, [1851]) Barcastus Firetip iN Mysoria barcastus venezuelae (Scudder, 1872) Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Tobago, [Guianas] M T S HS IL L G Mysoria barcastus alta Evans, 1951 Trinidad M T Mysoria barcastus barcastus (Sepp, [1851]) Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana M T OI OD I Mysoria barcastus pallens (Mabille, 1891) S Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolivar), Colombia M T Mysoria barcastus antila Evans, 1951 N Brazil M T Mysoria barcastus barta Evans, 1951 Bolivia, Paraguay, S Brazil, Argentina M T S L Mysoria amra (Hewitson, 1871) Blue-collared Firetip W Mexico, Guatemala iN M T OI S L G Mysoria affinis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Red-collared Firetip [= wilsoni], W Mexico, Guatemala iN M T S IL L G Mysoria galgala (Hewitson, 1866) Red-banded Firetip S Mexico (SW CHIS), Panama, Colombia and Venezuela iN M T S IL L G Mimoniades Hübner, 1823 Mimoniades picia (Evans, 1951) Colombia M T S1 S2 Mimoniades pionia (Hewitson, 1857) Pionia Skipper iN Mimoniades pionia sandra (Orellana, [2010]) Colombia, Venezuela (E slope Andes in Tachira, Barinas) M S Mimoniades pionia pionia (Hewitson, 1857) Colombia, Venezuela (Cordillera de la Costa), disjunct in Bolivia, N Argentina M T OI S IL L Mimoniades pedro (O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022) Brazil (Ba); ref.30 Mimoniades ponina (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Venezuela, Surinam Mimoniades ponina ponina (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Venezuela, Surinam M S Mimoniades ponina rogeri (Orellana, [2010]) Venezuela (Merida, Lara, at least) M S Mimoniades baroni (Godman & Salvin, 1895) Baron's Skipper Peru M T S Txt Mimoniades eupheme (Godman & Salvin, 1879) Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia; ref.30 M T S L Mimoniades versicolor (Latreille, [1824]) Versicolor Skipper Brazil; ref.30 iN M T S Mimoniades montana J. Zikán, 1938 Quadricolor Skipper SE Brazil iN M S Mimoniades nurscia (Swainson, 1821) Nursica Skipper iN Mimoniades nurscia malis (Godman & Salvin, 1879) Colombia M T S IL Mimoniades nurscia nurscia (Swainson, 1821) Colombia, Ecuador, N Peru M S Mimoniades nurscia amans Skinner, 1920 Colombia, Peru M T S IL Mimoniades ocyalus Hübner, 1823 Ocyalus Skipper S Brazil iN M S L Mimoniades fallax (Mabille, 1878) Fallax Skipper iN Mimoniades fallax fiska (Evans, 1951) Colombia: Cauca & Cundinamarca M T Mimoniades fallax fida (Evans, 1951) Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M T S1 S2 L Mimoniades fallax solaris (Hayward, 1942) Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, N Brazil, E Peru, Bolivia M T S1 S2 Mimoniades fallax fallax (Mabille, 1878) Guianas, N Brazil M T OD S L Txt Jemadia E. Watson, 1893 Jemadia menechmus (Mabille, 1878) Menechmus Skipper iN Jemadia menechmus menechmus (Mabille, 1878) Surinam, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, N & W Brazil M T OD S Jemadia menechmus desousai Orellana, [2010] Venezuela (Amazonas) M OI Jemadia scomber H. Druce, 1908 Mammoth Skipper Peru iN M T S L Jemadia pseudognetus (Mabille, 1878) Dot-collared Skipper SE Mexico to Venezuela and upper Amazon iN Jemadia pseudognetus pseudognetus (Mabille, 1878) SE Mexico to Venezuela and upper Amazon iN M T OD S1 S2 L I1 I2 G Txt Jemadia pseudognetus imitator (Mabille, 1891) Colombia M T S Jemadia hospita (A. Butler, 1877) Hospita Skipper iN Jemadia hospita hospita (A. Butler, 1877) S Colombia (upper Putumayo), Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, W Brazil M T S IL Jemadia hospita hephaestos (Plötz, 1879) Surinam M T S HS L Jemadia demarmelsi Orellana, [2010] Demarmels' Skipper Venezuela (Bolivar) M OI Jemadia mabillei O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022 [= Evans' "sosia"] SW Venezuela (Tachira), Colombia, Ecuador, Pe ...; ref.30 iN M T Jemadia gnetus (Fabricius, 1781) Gnetus Skipper Surinam, Guyana, Venezuela, Coloimbia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, S Brazil iN Jemadia gnetus gnetus (Fabricius, 1781) Surinam, Guyana, Venezuela, Coloimbia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, S Brazil M T OI OD S1 S2 HS L Jemadia gnetus brevipennis Schaus, 1902 Brazil (DF, SP, Pr), Paraguay iN M T OD Txt Jemadia gnetus mineira (O. Mielke, C. Mielke & Casagrande, 2022) Brazil (MG); ref.30 Jemadia suekentonmiller Grishin, 2014 Speciesex Skipper Costa Rica & Panama; ref.72 M T1 T2 T3 Txt Jemadia ovid Evans, 1951 Ovid Skipper Colombia, Ecuador iN M T S G Jemadia pater Evans, 1951 Pater Skipper Panama, Colombia, Venezuela iN Jemadia pater pater Evans, 1951 Panama, Colombia, Venezuela iN M T S1 S2 G Txt Jemadia pater ortizi Orellana, [2010] Venezuela (SE Tachira), Colombia M OI S Jemadia albescens Röber, 1925 Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M OD S1 S2 Ma L1 L2 G Txt Jemadia hewitsonii (Mabille, 1878) French Guiana, Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolivar), N Brazil, Peru iN Jemadia hewitsonii hewitsonii (Mabille, 1878) French Guiana, Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolivar), N Brazil, Peru M T OI OD TI S1 S2 S3 S4 HS L G Jemadia sosia (Mabille, 1878) Sosia Skipper Brazil; ref.30 M T OD S Txt Nosphistia Mabille & Boullet, 1908 Nosphistia zonara (Hewitson, 1866) Zonara Skipper Colombia, Ecuador, N Brazil (Amazonas) iN M T OD TI S IL Croniades Mabille, 1903 Croniades pieria (Hewitson, 1857) Fire-banded Skipper French Guiana, N Brazil; ref.30 iN M T OI S IL Croniades auraria H. Druce, 1908 Peru, Bolivia; ref.30 M T S Protelbella O. Mielke, 1995 Protelbella ruficauda (Hayward, 1932) Red-tailed Skipper S Brazil, Argentina iN M T Protelbella alburna (Mabille, 1891) Alburna Skipper iN Protelbella alburna alburna (Mabille, 1891) Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M T S IL Protelbella alburna brasiliensis O. Mielke, 1995 French Guiana, N & W Brazil M OI Parelbella O. Mielke, 1995 Parelbella machaon (Westwood, 1852) Yellow-banded Skipper iN Parelbella machaon machaon (Westwood, 1852) SE Brazil M T OI S IL Parelbella machaon seabrai (O. Mielke, 1995) SE Brazil (RJ) M T OI Parelbella nigra O. Mielke, Austin & A. Warren, 2008 Mielke’s Skipper SE Mexico (OAX, VER); ref.95 iN M T Parelbella macleannani (Godman & Salvin, 1893) Macleannan’s Skipper SE Mexico (CHIS, VER) to NW Ecuador iN M T S1 S2 IL I1 I2 G Parelbella ahira (Hewitson, 1866) Ahira Skipper iN Parelbella ahira ahira (Hewitson, 1866) French Guiana, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, N & W Brazil M T OI TI S IL L Parelbella ahira extrema (Röber, 1925) SE Brazil, Paraguay M T OI S IL Parelbella peruana O. Mielke, 1995 Peruana Skipper Peru M T OI S Parelbella polyzona (Latreille, [1824]) Polyzona Skipper SE Brazil M T IL Microceris E. Watson, 1893 Microceris merops (E. Bell, 1934) Merops Skipper French Guiana, Venezuela (Tachira), Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil M T S IL Microceris patrobas (Hewitson, 1857) Patrobas Skipper iN Microceris patrobas mexicana (O. Mielke, 1995) SE Mexico (QROO, TAB, CHIS, VER, OAX), Belize M T OI S Microceris patrobas patrobas (Hewitson, 1857) Guatemala to Colombia M T OI S IL I1 I2 G Microceris patrobas evansi (O. Mielke, 1995) Colombia, Venezuela (Tachira) M T OI Microceris patrobas melanina (Mabille & Boullet, 1908) Peru, Bolivia M T OI Microceris patrobas tingo (O. Mielke, 1995) Peru, W Brazil M T OI L Microceris patrobas amazonica (O. Mielke, 1995) N Brazil (Amazonas) M T OI Microceris blanda (Evans, 1951) Blanda Skipper French Guiana, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil iN M T TI S IL Microceris lustra (Evans, 1951) Lustra Skipper SW Venezuela (Tachira), Colombia, N Ecuador M T IL Microceris azeta (Hewitson, 1866) Azeta Skipper iN Microceris azeta azeta (Hewitson, 1866) Venezuela (Bolivar), Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil M T IL Microceris azeta giffordi (O. Mielke, 1995) S Brazil M T OI Microceris miodesmiata (Röber, 1925) Rober's Skipper SE Mexico (OAX), Panama, Colombia iN M OI S Microceris madeira (O. Mielke, 1995) Madeira Skipper W Brazil, Peru M T OI S Microceris patroclus (Plötz, 1879) Patroculus Skipper TL: Peru Microceris patroclus patroclus (Plötz, 1879) Panama, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M T TI S HS Microceris patroclus acala (Evans, 1951) SW Venezuela (Tachira), Colombia M T S IL Microceris bicuspis (de Jong, 1983) Bicuspis Skipper Surinam M T IL Microceris rondonia (O. Mielke, 1995) Rondonian Skipper W Brazil, Peru M T OI S Microceris etna (Evans, 1951) Etna Skipper Trinidad, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil iN M T S IL Microceris adonis (E. Bell, 1931) Adonis Firetip SE Brazil, S Paraguay M T Ab IL Microceris iphinous (Latreille, [1824]) Yellow-barred Skipper SE Brazil iN Microceris iphinous iphinous (Latreille, [1824]) SE Brazil M T OI Ab IL Microceris iphinous mariae (E. Bell, 1931) SE Brazil M T IL Microceris iphinous molinai (Hayward, 1941) SE Brazil; ref.30 M S IL Microceris luteizona (Mabille, 1877) Zona Firetip SE Brazil; ref.30 iN M T OD TI S HS IL Microceris hegesippe (Mabille & Boullet, 1908) Hegesippe Firetip SE Brazil M T OI S IL Microceris theseus (E. Bell, 1934) Theseus Skipper Colombia, Venezuela (Tachira), Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, N Brazil iN M T S IL Microceris scylla (Ménétriés, 1855) Scylla Firetip E & W Mexico to Costa Rica iN M S IL L I1 I2 G Microceris dulcinea (Plötz, 1879) Dulcinea Firetip Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador iN M T S IL Microceris intersecta (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Variable Firetip iN Microceris intersecta intersecta (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) French Guiana, Surinam, S Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil M T S HS IL Microceris intersecta peter (Evans, 1951) NE Brazil M T S IL Microceris intersecta paraensis (O. Mielke, 1995) NE Brazil M T OI Microceris intersecta rufitegula (O. Mielke, 1995) SE Brazil (coastal) M T OI Microceris intersecta strova (Evans, 1951) Panama, C Venezuela M T S IL Microceris intersecta losca (Evans, 1951) SE Brazil (interior) M T IL Microceris viriditas (Skinner, 1920) Gold-rimmed Firetip TL: Honduras Microceris viriditas viriditas (Skinner, 1920) Paraguay M T IL Microceris viriditas chia (Evans, 1951) N Brazil M T S IL Microceris viriditas boliviana (O. Mielke, 1995) Bolivia M T OI Microceris lamprus (Hopffer, 1874) Lamprus Firetip iN Microceris lamprus lamprus (Hopffer, 1874) SE Brazil, S Paraguay M T S IL Microceris lamprus albociliata (O. Mielke, 1995) SE Brazil M T OI S L Microceris variicolor (Ménétriés, 1855) Zigzag Firetip C & S-central Brazil iN M S IL G Oxynetra C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862 [includes Olafia as a subgenus]; ref.8 Oxynetra roscius (Hopffer, 1874) Olaf's Firetip iN Oxynetra roscius roscius (Hopffer, 1874) SE Brazil (RS), Paraguay, Argentina M T S Oxynetra roscius iphimedia (Plötz, 1886) SE Brazil (SP) M T S IL Oxynetra roscius koikei (O. Mielke, Brockmann & C. Mielke, 2022) Brazil (RJ); ref.30 Oxynetra aureopecta A. Warren & Grishin, 2017 Orange-chested Firetip Mexico: Hgo., Ver., Chis.; ref.97 M T Oxynetra hopfferi Staudinger, 1888 Hopffer's Firetip SE Mexico (VER), Costa Rica, Panama M T OI OD TI S G Oxynetra stangelandi Grishin & Burns, 2013 Stangeland's Firetip currently known only from ACG in Costa Rica; ref.73 M T1 T2 L I1 I2 Oxynetra semihyalina C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862 Felder's Firetip Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia iN M T OD S L Oxynetra confusa Staudinger, 1888 Confusing Firetip Venezuela (E slope Andes), Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, [French Guiana?] iN Oxynetra confusa franciscana Salazar & Vargas, [2017] Panama; ref.91 Oxynetra confusa confusa Staudinger, 1888 Venezuela (E slope Andes), Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, [French Guiana?] M T S Tribe Jerini Jera tricuspidata (Mabille, 1902) Ecuador; ref.8 M T TI S IL Subfamily Pyrginae Tribe Achlyodini, Subtribe Pythonidina Livida Grishin, 2019 Livida assecla (Mabille, 1883) Many-spotted Blue-Skipper SE Mexico to upper Amazon (Peru); ref.5 M T S IL Livida grandis (Mabille, 1878) Brazil; ref.5 iN M T S Pythonides Hübner, [1819] Pythonides lerina (Hewitson, 1868) iN M T S IL Pythonides lera Grishin, 2023 Peru; ref.153 Pythonides jovianus (Stoll, 1782) Variable Blue-Skipper iN Pythonides jovianus amaryllis Staudinger, 1876 SE Mexico to Ecuador and Peru M T S IL L I Pythonides jovianus jovianus (Stoll, 1782) Guatemala, Colombia, Guianas, Trinidad, upper Amazon M S IL L Pythonides jovianus crameri (Mabille & Boullet, 1917) TL: Colombia M T S IL Pythonides jovianus fabricii W. F. Kirby, 1871 TL: Indiis M S IL Pythonides latemarginatus Grishin, 2023 Panama; ref.153 Lirra pteras (Godman & Salvin, 1895) Narrow-winged Blue-Skipper Chiapas to Colombia iN M T S IL I Lirra limaea (Hewitson, 1868) iN M T S Gindanes Godman & Salvin, 1895 [includes many species formerly in Pythonides]; ref.149 Gindanes brontinus Godman & Salvin, 1895 Straight-edged Skipper TL: Nicaragua Gindanes brontinus brontinus Godman & Salvin, 1895 E & W Mexico to Costa Rica M T S I G Gindanes brontinus bronta Evans, 1953 TL: Peru M T S Gindanes brebisson (Latreille, [1824]) iN Gindanes brebisson panaetius Godman & Salvin, 1895 SE Mexico to Panama M T S Gindanes brebisson brebna Evans, 1953 TL: Bolivia M T S Gindanes brebisson phagesia (Hewitson, 1868) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Gindanes brebisson brebisson (Latreille, [1824]) TL: Brazil M T S Gindanes variegatus Grishin, 2023 Brazil; ref.153 M S Gindanes homer (Evans, 1953) TL: Brazil (MT) M T S Gindanes nides (O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2002) TL: Brazil (ES) M T Gindanes kelso (Evans, 1953) Guyana; ref.5 M T S Gindanes maraca (O. Mielke & Casagrande, 1992) iN M S Gindanes jenmorrisae (Shuey & Ramírez, 2022) Ecuador & Peru; ref.92 M S Gindanes tullia (Evans, 1953) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T S Gindanes herennius (Geyer, [1838]) Herennius Blue-Skipper iN Gindanes herennius herennius (Geyer, [1838]) Panama to Peru and lower Amazon M T S IL L Gindanes herennius lusorius (Mabille, 1891) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T S Gindanes proxenus (Godman & Salvin, 1895) Proxenus Blue-Skipper SE Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador iN M T S IL L I G Gindanes parallelus (Mabille, 1898) iN M T S Gindanes braga (Evans, 1953) TL: Guyana M T Gindanes bora Evans, 1953 iN M T S Gindanes hampa (Evans, 1953) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Gindanes rosa (Steinhauser, 1989) Steinhauser's Blue-Skipper S Mexico (CHIS) iN M T S G Gindanes neivai (Hayward, 1940) TL: Ecuador M S Gindanes mundo (H. Freeman, 1979) Freeman's Blue-Skipper S Mexico (OAX) M T S G Gindanes eminus (E. Bell, 1934) iN Gindanes eminus pasha (Evans, 1953) TL: Brazil (MT) M T S Gindanes eminus eminus (E. Bell, 1934) TL: Peru M T S Quadrus Lindsey, 1925 [includes Ouleus and Zera as subgenera]; ref.149 Quadrus ineptus (Draudt, 1922) iN M T OI S G Quadrus francesius H. Freeman, 1969 Chiapan Blue-Skipper S Mexico (Chiapas) to Costa Rica M T S I Quadrus jacobus (Plötz, 1884) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T S Quadrus contubernalis (Mabille, 1883) Striped Blue-Skipper iN Quadrus contubernalis anicius (Godman & Salvin, 1894) SE Mexico, Guatemala M T S IL L G Quadrus contubernalis contubernalis (Mabille, 1883) SE Mexico to upper Amazon M T S1 S2 IL L I Quadrus deyrollei (Mabille, 1877) iN Quadrus deyrollei deyrollei (Mabille, 1877) TL: French Guiana M T S IL Quadrus deyrollei portulana (Plötz, 1884) TL: S. Amer. M S Quadrus deyrollei porta Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Am) M T S IL Quadrus lancea (Hewitson, 1868) iN M S IL Quadrus cerialis (Stoll, 1782) Common Blue-Skipper E & W Mexico to Argentina iN M OI S1 S2 IL L I G Quadrus tros Evans, 1953 iN M T Quadrus fanda Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Quadrus u-lucida (Plötz, 1884) iN Quadrus u-lucida u-lucida (Plötz, 1884) TL: Colombia M S IL Quadrus u-lucida mimus (Mabille & Boullet, 1917) TL: Brazil (RS); Paraguay M T S Quadrus u-lucida parabus O. Mielke, 1968 TL: Brazil (MG) M T Quadrus lugubris (R. Felder, 1869) Tanned Blue-Skipper E & W Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.149 iN M T S1 S2 IL L I G Quadrus ophia (A. Butler, 1870) TL: Venezuela M T S Quadrus truncata (Hewitson, 1870) iN M T S IL Quadrus salvina (Evans, 1953) Salvin's Skipper E Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S L Quadrus panna (Evans, 1953) Panna Skipper Guatemala to Colombia iN M T S L Quadrus fridericus (Geyer, 1832) iN Quadrus fridericus hilarina (Mabille, 1903) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Quadrus fridericus fridericus (Geyer, 1832) TL: Surinam M T1 T2 S Quadrus fridericus sinepunctis (Kaye, 1904) TL: Trinidad M T S Quadrus fridericus sheldoni (Cock, 2017) TL: Tobago Quadrus fridericus candangus (O. Mielke, 1968) TL: Brazil (DF) M T S Quadrus fridericus riona (Evans, 1953) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T S IL G Quadrus fatinitza (Plötz, 1884) TL: Colombia M TI Quadrus juxta (E. Bell, 1934) iN Quadrus juxta dampa (Evans, 1953) TL: French Guiana M T Quadrus juxta juxta (E. Bell, 1934) TL: Peru M T S L G Quadrus eboneus E. Bell, 1947 Eboneus Skipper SE Mexico; ref.149 M T Quadrus negrus (Nicolay, 1980) Negrus Skipper Costa Rica and Panama M T S G Quadrus cristatus (Steinhauser, 1989) [could be a synonym of pescada] Colombia; ref.149 M T Quadrus pescada (E. Bell, 1956) Ecuador; ref.149 M T Quadrus dilla (Evans, 1953) TL: Ecuador Quadrus dilla baru (Nicolay, 1973) Costa Rica and Panama M T OI S G Quadrus dilla dilla (Evans, 1953) TL: Ecuador M T Quadrus accedens (Mabille, 1895) iN Quadrus accedens noctis Lindsey, 1925 TL: Peru M S Quadrus accedens finda (Evans, 1953) TL: Brazil (ES) M T S Quadrus accedens accedens (Mabille, 1895) TL: Brazil (SC) M T S Quadrus bubaris (Godman & Salvin, 1895) Bubaris Skipper SE Mexico, Guatemala M T S Quadrus calavius (Godman & Salvin, 1895) Calavius Skipper SE Mexico to Panama iN M T S Quadrus candidus (Steinhauser, 1989) TL: Colombia M T Quadrus zora (Evans, 1953) Ecuador; ref.149 M S Quadrus cyrna (Mabille, 1895) Hidden-yellow Skipper Chiapas to Panama M T S I Quadrus difficilis (Weeks, 1901) Difficult Skipper Chiapas, Guianas and upper Amazon iN M T OI S G Quadrus zera (A. Butler, 1870) Zera Skipper Costa Rica to Venezuela, Ecuador and S Brazil M T S IL L G Quadrus teresa (Steinhauser, 1989) TL: Brazil (ES) M S HS Quadrus belti (Godman & Salvin, 1894) Belti Skipper Chiapas to Nicaragua M T OI S IL G Quadrus nolckeni (Mabille, 1891) Nolcken's Skipper Panama to Bolivia (not in Mexico) iN M T S IL L Quadrus phila (Godman & Salvin, 1894) Phila Skipper Panama to Peru and Bolivia iN M T OI S IL L Quadrus hosta (Evans, 1953) Hosta Skipper Chiapas to Colombia iN M T S I Quadrus hyacinthinus (Mabille, 1877) Bruised Skipper E & W Mexico to Colombia iN M T S IL L Quadrus gellius (Mabille, 1903) S Brazil & Argentina; ref.149 M S Quadrus tetrastigma (Sepp, [1847]) Tetrastigma Skipper Chiapas to Guianas, Trinidad, upper Amazon iN M T S IL G Quadrus menedemus (Godman & Salvin, 1894) ref.149 M T IL Quadrus servius (Plötz, 1884) [= erisichthon] Brazil; ref.149 M T TI S IL Quadrus vivax Grishin, 2023 S Brazil; ref.149 M S Haemactis Mabille, 1903 Haemactis sanguinalis (Westwood, 1852) Ecuador; ref.118 iN M T S Haemactis albamarita Austin, 1994 Brazil (Rd); ref.118 M T S Haemactis [n. sp.] N/A, N/A Red-washed Skipper [likely conspecific with pyrrhosphenus] Nicaragua and Costa Rica; ref.118 M S L Haemactis pyrrhosphenus Lindsey, 1919 Colombia; ref.118 M S Milanion Godman & Salvin, 1895 [includes Atarnes and Eburuncus as subgenera]; ref.149 Milanion sallei (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Orange-spotted Skipper E & W Mexico to Colombia iN M T S1 S2 L I G Milanion hierax (Hopffer, 1874) White-veined Tuskyhook Peru; ref.64 M T S IL G Milanion unifasciata (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Single-banded Tuskyhook SE Mexico to Ecuador and Peru; ref.64 iN M T S1 S2 IL L I G Milanion virga Grishin, 2023 [= Evans' "hemestinus"] Tropical S. Am.; ref.153 M S Milanion hemes (Cramer, 1777) Hemes Skipper (= clito); ref.153 iN Milanion hemes hemes (Cramer, 1777) (= clito) Costa Rica to Guianas and Trinidad; ref.153 M T S L Txt Milanion hemes pemba Evans, 1953 TL: Peru M T S Milanion hemes memba Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (MT) M T S Milanion latior Mabille & Boullet, 1917 Guatemala to Ecuador; ref.153 M T Milanion marciana Godman & Salvin, 1895 Marciana Skipper Panama iN M T S1 S2 I G Milanion leucaspis (Mabille, 1878) iN M T S G Milanion pilumnus Mabille & Boullet, 1917 iN Milanion pilumnus albidior Mabille & Boullet, 1917 TL: Venezuela M T S Milanion pilumnus pilumnus Mabille & Boullet, 1917 (= hemestinus); ref.153 M T S G Milanion pilta Evans, 1953 ref.153 M T S Milanion alaricus (Plötz, 1884) iN M T S G Milanion furvus Grishin, 2023 Panama; ref.153 Milanion laricus Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Milanion cramba Evans, 1953 iN M T S Paramimus Hübner, [1819] Paramimus stigma (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) iN Paramimus stigma stanna Evans, 1953 Panama, (Colombia) M T S L Paramimus stigma stigma (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) TL: Colombia M T S Paramimus scurra (Hübner, [1809]) iN Paramimus scurra scurra (Hübner, [1809]) TL: ? M T S G Paramimus scurra herberti Godman & Salvin, 1896 TL: Brazil (MT) M T S Charidia Mabille, 1903 Charidia empolaeus (Westwood, 1852) TL: ? M T S Charidia lucaria (Hewitson, 1868) iN M T S Charidia ronda Grishin, 2023 Brazil (Ro); ref.153 M S Charidia pilea Evans, 1953 Colombia; ref.153 M T S Charidia pocus Evans, 1953 Peru; ref.153 Charidia pocus pocus Evans, 1953 TL: Peru M T S Charidia pocus mayo Evans, 1953 TL: Peru M T Tribe Achlyodini, Subtribe Achlyodina Cabirus Hübner, [1819] Cabirus procas (Cramer, 1777) The Guianas & N Brazil iN M OI OD S IL Cabirus junta Evans, 1952 Peru, Bolivia, Brazil; ref.140 M T S1 S2 IL Cabirus purda Evans, 1952 Ecuador & Peru; ref.140 M T S L Pseudodrephalys Burns, 1999 Pseudodrephalys sohni Burns, 1999 iN M T S Pseudodrephalys tinas Grishin, 2023 NE Peru; ref.153 M T Pseudodrephalys atinas (Mabille, 1888) TL: [Peru] M T OI S G Pseudodrephalys hypargus (Mabille, 1891) TL: Brazil (Am) M T S Pseudodrephalys argus Grishin, 2023 The Guianas; ref.153 M T Eantis Boisduval, 1836 Eantis pallida (R. Felder, 1869) Pale Sicklewing [= selva], W Mexico & S Texas (as stray) to Bolivia; ref.5 iN M T S L1 L2 I1 I2 G Eantis tamenund (W. H. Edwards, 1871) Northern Sicklewing C & S Texas (further N as strays) to N Belize and Guatemala iN M T S L1 L2 L3 I1 I2 H G Eantis thraso (Hübner, [1807]) Southern Sicklewing SW Chiapas, S Belize, Guatemala to Argentina iN M S1 S2 IL L I1 I2 G Eantis mithridates (Fabricius, 1793) Jamaican Sicklewing Jamaica M T S L Eantis minor W. Comstock, 1944 Lesser Sicklewing Puerto Rico to Dominica and Guadeloupe iN M T S L Eantis papinianus (Poey, 1832) Cuban Sicklewing [= sagra], Cuba, Hispaniola iN M T S L I Eantis munroei E. Bell, 1956 Munroe's Sicklewing Cuba M T OD S G Eantis minna Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Ba) M T S HS G Eantis later (Mabille, 1891) TL: Peru M T S Eantis haber (Mabille, 1891) TL: Peru M T S Eantis tosta (Evans, 1953) Peru; ref.5 M T OD S G Eantis pseudospeculum (Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015) Brazil; ref.31 Aethilla Hewitson, 1868 Aethilla gigas (Mabille, 1877) TL: Peru M T S G Aethilla echina Hewitson, 1870 Echina Skipper iN Aethilla echina echina Hewitson, 1870 SE Mexico to S Brazil M T S IL L G Aethilla echina coracina A. Butler, 1870 TL: Brazil (SP) M T S Aethilla melas Plötz, 1882 TL: Brazil (RJ) M OD S G Txt Aethilla eleusinia Hewitson, 1868 iN M T S L G Aethilla memmius A. Butler, 1870 iN M T OI S G Txt Aethilla epicra Hewitson, 1870 TL: Ecuador M T S HS G Aethilla lavochrea A. Butler, 1872 Yellow-rimmed Skipper E & W Mexico to Colombia iN M T S1 S2 S3 L I Aethilla chiapa H. Freeman, 1969 Highlands Skipper Oaxaca, Chiapas, Guatemala M T OD S G Achlyodes Hübner, [1819] Achlyodes busirus (Cramer, 1779) Giant Sicklewing iN Achlyodes busirus heros Ehrmann, 1909 E & W Mexico to Bolivia M T S1 S2 HS IL L I1 I2 Txt Achlyodes busirus busirus (Cramer, 1779) TL: Surinam M OI OD S G Achlyodes busirus negro (Kaye, 1921) TL: Trinidad M T S G Achlyodes busirus rioja Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (RJ) M T S IL G Achlyodes calvus Grishin, 2023 S Brazil & Paraguay; ref.153 M HS Doberes Godman & Salvin, 1895 Doberes anticus (Plötz, 1884) Dark Doberes SE Mexico (VER, OAX, CHIS) iN Doberes anticus anticus (Plötz, 1884) TL: Mexico M S L G Doberes anticus Pale segregate , S Mexico (Chiapas) to Costa Rica M S I Doberes sobrinus (Godman & Salvin, 1895) West-Mexican Doberes W Mexico (Guerrero) M T S Doberes hewitsonius (Reakirt, [1867]) Pale Doberes S Mexico iN M T S L G Spioniades Hübner, [1819] Spioniades artemis Grishin, 2023 Costa Rica & Panama; ref.153 Spioniades artemides (Stoll, 1782) Artemides Skipper Panama to S Brazil iN M S L I G Spioniades artemidoides Grishin, 2023 S Brazil; ref.153 M S Spioniades abbreviata (Mabille, 1888) White-tipped Skipper Nicaragua to Colombia iN M T OI S1 S2 I Spioniades anta Evans, 1953 S Peru & Bolivia; ref.153 M T S Spioniades libethra (Hewitson, 1868) TL: Brazil (Am) M T OI S1 S2 S3 Eracon Godman & Salvin, 1894 Eracon sarahburnsae Grishin, 2014 Sarah's Skipper Costa Rica & Panama; ref.75 M T1 T2 T3 T4 S I Eracon clinias (Mabille, 1878) Clinias Skipper Costa Rica to upper and lower Amazon iN M T S1 S2 IL L G Eracon pebana Evans, 1953 Pebana Skipper iN M T S IL G Eracon asymmetrica Austin, 1997 Asymmetric Skipper TL: Brazil (Rd) M T OI G Eracon biternata (Mabille, 1889) Biternata Skipper Costa Rica and Panama M T OI TI S G Eracon paulinus (Stoll, 1782) Tear-drop Skipper Costa Rica to Guiana and upper Amazon iN M T OI OD S1 S2 S3 S4 IL L I G Txt Eracon lachesis (Dyar, 1918) Lachesis Skipper S Mexico to Panama M T S1 S2 S3 L I Mimia Evans, 1953 Mimia chiapaensis H. Freeman, 1969 Chiapan Skipper CHIS M T S I G Mimia phidyle (Godman & Salvin, 1894) Phidyle Skipper iN Mimia phidyle phidyle (Godman & Salvin, 1894) Mexico (Chis) to Panama M T S L Mimia phidyle tatamaensis Salazar & Vargas, [2017] Colombia; ref.91 Mimia pazana Evans, 1953 Bolivia; ref.149 M T S G Xispia Lindsey, 1925 Xispia quadrata (Mabille, 1889) iN M T OI S G Xispia satyrus (Jörgensen, 1935) iN M S IL Myrinia Evans, 1953 Myrinia binoculus (Möschler, 1877) TL: Surinam M T S Myrinia orieca Grishin, 2023 E Ecuador; ref.153 Myrinia raymundo H. Freeman, 1979 Raymundo's Skipper SE Mexico (TAB, CHIS) iN M T S G Myrinia aragua Grishin, 2023 Venezuela; ref.153 Myrinia laddeyi (E. Bell, 1942) iN M T Myrinia maculosa Grishin, 2023 Guatemala; ref.153 Myrinia catua O. Mielke, 1968 iN M T S Myrinia myris (Mabille, 1898) Myris Skipper Campeche, Belize, Nicaragua to Guianas, Bolivia, S Brazil iN M T S Myrinia santa Evans, 1953 iN Myrinia santa monka Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Myrinia santa santa Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (ES) M T Myrinia manchada Grishin, 2023 The Guianas; ref.153 M T S Grais Godman & Salvin, 1894 Grais juncta Evans, 1953 'Jamaican' Hermit Skipper Jamaica; ref.77 M T S Grais stigmaticus (Mabille, 1883) Hermit Skipper C & S TX (as stray), E & W Mexico to Argentina iN M T S1 S2 L I G Morvina Evans, 1953 Morvina caecus (Austin, 2008) Blind Skipper Brazil (Rondonia) M T S Morvina falisca (Hewitson, 1878) iN Morvina falisca falisca (Hewitson, 1878) TL: French Guiana M T S Morvina falisca falia Evans, 1953 TL: Peru M T S Morvina fissimacula (Mabille, 1878) iN Morvina fissimacula pelarge (Godman & Salvin, 1894) Nicaragua to Panama M T S I G Morvina fissimacula lenia Evans, 1953 TL: Colombia M T Morvina fissimacula rema Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Morvina fissimacula fissimacula (Mabille, 1878) TL: Brazil M T S Morvina morvus (Plötz, 1884) iN Morvina morvus morvus (Plötz, 1884) TL: Brazil M S Morvina morvus para Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Morvina morvus cyclopa Evans, 1953 TL: Bolivia M T S Tribe Carcharodini, Subtribe Cyclosemiina Cyclosemia Mabille, 1878 Cyclosemia earina (Hewitson, 1878) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Cyclosemia anastomosis Mabille, 1878 Northern Eyed-Skipper E Mexico to Ecuador iN M T S1 S2 L I G Cyclosemia lathaea (Hewitson, 1878) iN M T S Cyclosemia leppa Evans, 1953 Leppa Eyed-Skipper Guatemala to Bolivia iN M T S IL Cyclosemia lyrcaea (Hewitson, 1878) Lyrcaea Eyed-Skipper Panama to SE Brazil iN M T S Cyclosemia pedro R. Williams & E. Bell, 1940 Pedro Eyed-Skipper Honduras to N Brazil ("Amazons") iN M T G Cyclosemia caerulea Austin & DeVries, 2001 Caerulea Eyed-Skipper Costa Rica M T S Cyclosemia subcaerulea Schaus, 1913 Subcaerulea Eyed-Skipper Costa Rica to Ecuador iN M T S1 S2 I Cyclosemia herennius (Stoll, 1782) iN M S Cyclosemia elelea (Hewitson, 1878) TL: French Guiana M T S Tribe Carcharodini, Subtribe Ilianina Cornuphallus Austin, 1997 Cornuphallus albafascia Austin, 1997 White-banded Hornydick iN M T OI G Cornuphallus onoribo (Möschler, 1883) Onoribo Hornydick TL: Surinam M T S Cornuphallus problematica (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1940) Tricky Hornydick TL: Argentina M T G Iliana E. Bell, 1937 ref.119,19 Iliana peruvianus (Mabille, 1883) TL: [Peru] M T S G Iliana bolivianus O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2016 Bolivia; ref.119 M T Iliana miersi O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2016 Brazil; ref.119 M T Iliana remus E. Bell, 1937 TL: Peru M T OD S G Iliana sapasoa (Nicolay, 1973) iN M T OD S G Iliana romulus E. Bell, 1937 iN M T OD S G Iliana nirtoni O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2016 S Brazil; ref.119 Iliana taurus (Evans, 1953) TL: Peru M T OD S G Iliana gorgus (E. Bell, 1937) Gorgus Skipper Belize, Costa Rica; ref.149 M T OD S I G Tiana Grishin, 2019 Tiana platypterus (Mabille, 1895) Platypterus Skipper SE Mexico to Panama; ref.7 M T S I G Tiana niger (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1940) Colombian Skipper Costa Rica to Colombia; ref.7 M T OD S I1 I2 G Tribe Carcharodini, Subtribe Nisoniadina Arteurotia A. Butler & H. Druce, 1872 Arteurotia artistella Grishin, 2023 Artistarred Skipper S TX to Mexico; ref.19 M S L Arteurotia tractipennis A. Butler & H. Druce, 1872 Starred Skipper iN Arteurotia tractipennis tractipennis A. Butler & H. Druce, 1872 [Mexico?] El Salvador to Surinam and Bolivia; ref.19 M T S IL I G Arteurotia tractipennis contractipennis Mabille & Boullet, 1916 Venezuela; ref.19 M T Conognathus C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862 Conognathus platon C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862 iN M T OI S L Ocella Evans, 1953 Ocella albata (Mabille, 1888) iN M T OI S Ocella diophthalma (Plötz, 1884) TL: ? M S Ocella monophthalma (Plötz, 1884) Brazil; ref.16 iN M T S Sophista Plötz, 1879 [includes Pachyneuria and Austinus as subgenera]; ref.149 Sophista heroica (Evans, 1953) Colombia; ref.7 M T OD G Sophista heros (Mabille & Boullet, 1917) Guianas; ref.119 iN M T OD S L G Sophista obscura (Mabille, 1888) TL: Peru M T OI TI S Sophista jaguar (Evans, 1953) TL: Peru M T S Sophista milleri (Steinhauser, 1989) TL: Peru M T Sophista lineatopunctata (Mabille & Boullet, 1917) iN Sophista lineatopunctata belema (Evans, 1953) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Sophista lineatopunctata lineatopunctata (Mabille & Boullet, 1917) TL: Peru M T S Sophista damon (E. Bell, 1937) TL: Brazil (Am) M T S Sophista duidae (E. Bell, 1932) iN Sophista duidae duidae (E. Bell, 1932) TL: Venezuela M T S Sophista duidae pozuza (Evans, 1953) TL: Peru M T Sophista inops (Mabille, 1877) iN M T TI S Sophista helena (Hayward, 1939) TL: Ecuador M S Sophista plinius Plötz, 1882 Brazil; ref.33 iN M T S Sophista aristoteles (Westwood, 1852) iN M T S IL L Sophista latifasciata (Spitz, 1930) iN M S Sophista matto Evans, 1953 Brazil; ref.33 M S Sophista spectrum Siewert, Zacca, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2016 Brazil; ref.33 Polyctor Evans, 1953 Polyctor cleta Evans, 1953 Cleta Tufted-Skipper E & W Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S1 S2 L I G Polyctor polyctor (Prittwitz, 1868) Polyctor Tufted-Skipper Costa Rica to Argentina iN M T S1 S2 IL L I G Polyctor dagua Evans, 1953 Colombia; ref.149 M T Polyctor enops (Godman & Salvin, 1894) Enops Tufted-Skipper E & S Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S1 S2 L I Polyctor lamperus Grishin, 2023 Panama; ref.153 Polyctor fera (Weeks, 1901) iN Polyctor fera fera (Weeks, 1901) TL: Bolivia M T S Polyctor fera falla Evans, 1953 TL: Venezuela M T Polyctor tensa Evans, 1953 iN M T S Viola Evans, 1953 Viola alicus (Schaus, 1902) iN M T S Viola minor (Hayward, 1933) iN M S Viola olla Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Am) M T S Viola violella (Mabille, 1898) iN M T S L Viola egra Evans, 1953 iN M T S Viola kuma (E. Bell, 1942) [= dagamba] Venezuela, Guyana; ref.20 M T Viuria Grishin, 2019 formerly in Pachyneuria, but sister to Viola; ref.5,148 Viuria licisca (Plötz, 1882) Immaculate Tufted-Skipper E & W Mexico to Colombia and Venezuela; ref.5,148 iN M T S1 S2 L I G Viuria lista (Evans, 1953) French Guiana & Brazil (Ro); ref.5,148 M T S Viuria herophile (Hayward, 1940) Ecuador, Peru, Brazil (Ac); ref.5,148 M S Viuria acadia Siewert, Lemes, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2023 Ecuador & Brazil (Ac, Ro, Mt); ref.148 Viuria inanna Siewert, Lemes, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2023 E & SE Brazil & Paraguay; ref.148 Pellicia Herrich-Schäffer, 1870 [includes Mictris as a subgenus]; ref.149 Pellicia klugi R. Williams & E. Bell, 1939 TL: Peru M T S Pellicia santana R. Williams & E. Bell, 1939 TL: Peru M T Pellicia simulator R. Williams & E. Bell, 1939 TL: Peru M T Pellicia arina Evans, 1953 Glazed Tufted-Skipper S TX to Panama iN M T S1 S2 L I G Pellicia costimacula Herrich-Schäffer, 1870 Frosted Tufted-Skipper iN Pellicia costimacula costimacula Herrich-Schäffer, 1870 Panama to S Brazil and Paraguay M T S G Pellicia costimacula litoralis Biezanko & O. Mielke, 1973 TL: Brazil (RS) M T S Pellicia tyana Plötz, 1882 iN Pellicia tyana toza Evans, 1953 TL: Colombia M T Pellicia tyana tyana Plötz, 1882 TL: S. Amer. M T S Pellicia vecina Schaus, 1902 iN Pellicia vecina naja Steinhauser, 1989 TL: Peru M T Pellicia vecina vecina Schaus, 1902 TL: Brazil (RJ) M T S Pellicia najoides Hayward, 1933 TL: Argentina M S Pellicia angra Evans, 1953 Rare Tufted-Skipper TL: Mexico (Ver) Pellicia angra angra Evans, 1953 SE Mexico (VER) to Panama M T S G Pellicia angra axina Evans, 1953 TL: Ecuador M T Pellicia tonga Evans, 1953 Tonga Tufted-Skipper Panama, Colombia, Venezuela M T S Pellicia trax Evans, 1953 TL: Ecuador M T S Pellicia theon Plötz, 1882 TL: S. Amer. M T TI S Pellicia nema R. Williams & E. Bell, 1939 ref.149 M T Pellicia ranta Evans, 1953 iN Pellicia ranta ranta Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (RJ) M T Pellicia ranta rancida Evans, 1953 TL: Paraguay M T S Pellicia bilinea Mabille, 1889 Central America; ref.149 M T OI Pellicia dimidiata Herrich-Schäffer, 1870 Morning Glory Tufted-Skipper iN Pellicia dimidiata dimidiata Herrich-Schäffer, 1870 W Mexico and S TX (as stray) to Guianas, Trinidad, up. Amazon M T S1 S2 L I G Pellicia dimidiata meno (Mabille, 1889) TL: Panama M T OI S Pellicia dimidiata zamia Plötz, 1882 TL: S. Amer. M T TI S Pellicia hersilia Hayward, 1939 iN M T S Pellicia demetrius (Plötz, 1882) TL: Brazil M T TI Pellicia alta Steinhauser, 2007 TL: Peru Pellicia crispus Herrich-Schäffer, 1870 iN Pellicia crispus caerula (Mabille, 1877) CHIS to Ecuador M T S1 S2 L I1 I2 G Pellicia crispus crispus Herrich-Schäffer, 1870 TL: Venezuela M T S Nisoniades Hübner, [1819] Nisoniades godma Evans, 1953 Godma Tufted-Skipper E & S Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S1 S2 L I G Nisoniades panama Evans, 1953 Panamanian Tufted-Skipper Panama to Ecuador M T S Nisoniades suprapanama Steinhauser, 1989 TL: Colombia M T Nisoniades benda Evans, 1953 TL: Ecuador M T S Nisoniades bessus (Möschler, 1877) iN M T S Nisoniades brazia Evans, 1953 iN M T S Nisoniades hecale (Hayward, 1940) TL: Ecuador M S Nisoniades cauca Evans, 1953 iN M T Nisoniades remo Evans, 1953 TL: Peru M T Nisoniades guianae (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1939) TL: French Guiana M T Nisoniades montana (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1939) TL: Venezuela M T Nisoniades coca Steinhauser, 1989 TL: Ecuador M T Nisoniades lata Steinhauser, 1989 TL: Ecuador M T S Nisoniades bromias (Godman & Salvin, 1894) Purplish Tufted-Skipper W Mexico & S Texas (as stray) to Panama; ref.11 iN M T S1 S2 L I H G Nisoniades lutum Grishin, 2023 W Mexico; ref.153 Nisoniades rubescens (Möschler, 1877) Purplish Tufted-Skipper Panama to lower Amazon and Bolivia; ref.11 iN M T S G Nisoniades mimas (Cramer, 1775) iN M T S Nisoniades bipuncta (Schaus, 1902) iN M T S Nisoniades inca (Lindsey, 1925) [= brunneata]; ref.16 iN M T Nisoniades ephora (Herrich-Schäffer, 1870) Ephora Tufted-Skipper E & W Mexico to Guianas, Trinidad, Ecuador and Peru iN M T S L I G Nisoniades torta Steinhauser, 1989 Torta Tufted-Skipper Costa Rica to Panama M T S G Nisoniades borra (E. Bell, 1947) TL: Colombia M T Nisoniades indistincta (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1939) TL: Colombia M T Nisoniades laurentina (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1939) Dark Tufted-Skipper SE Mexico (VER) to Guianas and Trinidad M T S Nisoniades evansi Steinhauser, 1989 TL: Ecuador M T S Nisoniades supra Steinhauser, 1989 TL: Peru M T Nisoniades maura (Mabille & Boullet, 1917) iN M T S Nisoniades hora (Hayward, 1939) iN M T Nisoniades criton (Mabille, 1898) iN M T Nisoniades hesperia (Hayward, 1939) TL: Paraguay Nisoniades castolus (Hewitson, 1878) Castolus Tufted-Skipper SE Mexico (VER) to S Brazil iN M T S1 S2 I G Nisoniades haywardi (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1939) iN M T S Nisoniades rimana (E. Bell, 1942) TL: Venezuela M T S Nisoniades macarius (Herrich-Schäffer, 1870) Macarius Tufted-Skipper (doubtful for Mexico, Honduras), Panama to Argentina iN M T TI S G Nisoniades nyctineme (A. Butler, 1877) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Tribe Carcharodini, Subtribe Burcina Burca E. Bell & W. Comstock, 1948 Burca braco (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Braco Skipper iN Burca braco braco (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Cuba M T S L Burca braco castigata Rindge, 1955 Bahamas; Great Bahama Bank M T Burca stillmanni E. Bell & W. Comstock, 1948 Stillman's Skipper Hispaniola M T S Burca hispaniolae E. Bell & W. Comstock, 1948 Hispaniolan Skipper Hispaniola iN M T S Burca concolor (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Concolorous Skipper iN Burca concolor concolor (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Cuba M T S Burca concolor atrata Rindge, 1955 Bahamas; Great Bahama Bank M T S Burca cubensis (Skinner, 1913) Cuban Skipper Cuba M T L Tribe Carcharodini, Subtribe Pholisorina Gorgopas Godman & Salvin, 1894 Gorgopas trochilus (Hopffer, 1874) iN M T S Gorgopas chlorocephala (Herrich-Schäffer, 1870) Green-headed Sootywing iN Gorgopas chlorocephala chlorocephala (Herrich-Schäffer, 1870) Nicaragua to Bolivia M T S L G Gorgopas chlorocephala sneiderni E. Bell, 1947 TL: Colombia M T Gorgopas gutta Evans, 1953 iN M T S L Gorgopas agylla (Mabille, 1898) TL: Bolivia M T S L Gorgopas petale (Mabille, 1888) iN M T OI S Gorgopas extensa (Mabille, 1891) Peru; ref.13 iN M T S L Incisus Grishin, 2019 Incisus incisus (Mabille, 1878) ref.5 iN M T S IL L G Incisus fasciatus (Hayward, 1933) ref.5 iN M S Incisus angulata (E. Bell, 1937) TL: Brazil (MG) M T Clytius Grishin, 2019 Clytius clytius (Godman & Salvin, 1897) Mottled Sootywing SE AZ & S TX (rare strays) to Honduras; ref.5 iN M T S L G Clytius shola (Evans, 1953) Venezuela; ref.13 M T Perus Grishin, 2019 Perus menuda (Weeks, 1902) Bolivia; ref.5 Perus parvus (Steinhauser & Austin, 1993) Parvus Sootywing Costa Rica; ref.13 M T Perus manx (Evans, 1953) Colombia; ref.13 M T Perus minor (Schaus, 1902) Peru; ref.5 iN M T S IL G Perus coecatus (Mabille, 1891) S Brazil; ref.5 iN M T S Perus mossi (Evans, 1953) Peru; ref.5 iN M T S Perus cordillerae (Lindsey, 1925) Peru; ref.5 iN M S Perus narycus (Mabille, 1889) Peru; ref.13 iN M T OI S IL Bolla Mabille, 1903 Bolla cybele Evans, 1953 Veracruzan Sootywing SE Mexico (VER) M T IL Bolla cylindus (Godman & Salvin, 1896) Checkered Sootywing SE Mexico (VER) to Costa Rica iN M T S G Bolla sonda Evans, 1953 TL: Mexico (Ver) M T Bolla cyclops (Mabille, 1877) Cyclops Sootywing [= sonda], SE Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia iN M T S Bolla aplica (E. Bell, 1937) [not eusebius] W Mexico; ref.149 M T Bolla sodalis Schaus, 1913 [not imbras]; ref.149 M T Bolla solitaria Steinhauser, 1991 Solitary Sootywing S Mexico (OAX) iN M T S G Bolla saletas (Godman & Salvin, 1896) Saletas Sootywing Guatemala to El Salvador M T S G Bolla tepeca (E. Bell, 1942) Grizzled Sootywing C & S Mexico (mostly DF to OAX); ref.143 iN M T S L Bolla fenestra Steinhauser, 1991 Oaxacan Sootywing S Mexico (OAX) iN M T S L Ha G Bolla nigerrima Mabille & Boullet, 1917 iN M T Bolla catharina (E. Bell, 1937) iN M T S Bolla morona (E. Bell, 1940) iN Bolla morona lorea (E. Bell, 1947) TL: Colombia M T Bolla morona morona (E. Bell, 1940) TL: Peru M T S Bolla cupreiceps (Mabille, 1891) Copper-headed Sootywing E & S Mexico to Bolivia and S Brazil iN M T S IL L G Bolla imbras (Godman & Salvin, 1896) Rounded Sootywing [= pullata, = subapicatus], E & S Mexico to Colombia and Venezuela; ref.149 iN M T S1 S2 L G Bolla phylo Mabille, 1903 iN M T Bolla mancoi (Lindsey, 1925) TL: Peru M S Bolla atahuallpai (Lindsey, 1925) Atahuallpai Sootywing Panama to Argentina iN M OI S IL G Bolla evippe (Godman & Salvin, 1896) Rough-tipped Sootywing E & W Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua iN M T S G Bolla orsines (Godman & Salvin, 1896) Hook-tipped Sootywing E & W Mexico to El Salvador iN M T S G Bolla eusebius (Plötz, 1884) Spatulate Sootywing E & W Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S Bolla chilpancingo (E. Bell, 1937) [= Evans' "subapicatus"] W & S Mexico, Guatemala; ref.149 M T Bolla guerra Evans, 1953 Guerrero Sootywing SW Mexico to Nicaragua iN M T S L Bolla oriza Evans, 1953 Orizaba Sootywing SE Mexico (VER, CHIS?) M T S Bolla brennus (Godman & Salvin, 1896) Obscure Sootywing iN Bolla brennus brennus (Godman & Salvin, 1896) S Texas (one-time stray), E Mexico to Panama M T S G Bolla brennus vexta Evans, 1953 TL: Colombia M T Bolla dorsolaciniae Steinhauser, 1989 TL: Colombia M T Bolla antha Evans, 1953 TL: Colombia M T Bolla giselus (Mabille, 1883) TL: Colombia Bolla giselus tornea Evans, 1953 TL: Colombia M T Bolla giselus giselus (Mabille, 1883) TL: Colombia M T S Bolla boliviensis (E. Bell, 1937) Bolivian Sootywing Guatemala to Bolivia iN M T S IL G Bolla zorilla (Plötz, 1886) Zorilla Sootywing SE Mexico (VER, OAX) to Bolivia iN M S G Bolla vena Grishin, 2023 Venezuela; ref.153 Bolla madrea (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1940) Peru; ref.149 M T Bolla hazelae (Hayward, 1940) Ecuador; ref.149 M T Bolla evemerus (Godman & Salvin, 1896) Evemerus Sootywing Nicaragua to Panama; ref.149 M T S I G Bolla chlora (Evans, 1953) Bolivia; ref.149 iN M T S Bolla astra (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1940) Peru; ref.149 iN M T S Bolla balsa (E. Bell, 1937) Peru; ref.149 M T Bolla tridentis (Steinhauser, 1989) Colombia; ref.149 M T Bolla esmeraldus (L. Miller, 1966) Esmeraldus Sootywing E Costa Rica; ref.149 M T G Bolla chlorocephala (Latreille, [1824]) SE & S Brazil; ref.149 iN M T S Bolla incanus (E. Bell, 1932) SE & S Brazil; ref.149 M T S Staphylus Godman & Salvin, 1896 [includes Hesperopsis as a subgenus]; ref.149 Staphylus cartagoa (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1940) Cartagoa Sootywing Costa Rica, El Salvador M T G Staphylus vincula Plötz, 1886 Mountain Sootywing [= iguala, what was called "vincula" is opites] E & W MX to Venez.; ref.14 iN M T TI S1 S2 L G Staphylus opites (Godman & Salvin, 1896) Opites Sootywing [formerly called "vincula"]; ref.14 iN M T Staphylus ceos (W. H. Edwards, 1882) Golden-headed Sootywing far S CA, S NV (rare), S AZ, S NM, W TX (El Paso), to QRO iN M T S HS L1 L2 I G Staphylus ecos Grishin, 2022 Texas Sootywing W, C & S Texas and Mexico (Coah); ref.14 M T S L I1 I2 Staphylus vula Grishin, 2023 Mexico; ref.153 Staphylus vulga Grishin, 2023 Panama; ref.153 Staphylus vulgata (Möschler, 1879) Golden-snouted Sootywing E & W Mexico to Argentina iN M T S1 S2 IL L I G Staphylus melaina (Hayward, 1947) iN M S IL G Staphylus kayei Cock, 1996 iN M T Staphylus sambo Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Staphylus putumayo (E. Bell, 1937) iN M T S Staphylus saxos Evans, 1953 iN M T Staphylus satrap Evans, 1953 ref.149 M T S Staphylus tingo Steinhauser, 1989 TL: Peru M T Staphylus oeta (Plötz, 1884) Oeta Sootywing Costa Rica to Bolivia and Argentina iN M T TI S G Staphylus punctiseparatus Hayward, 1933 TL: Argentina M IL Staphylus lizeri (Hayward, 1938) iN Staphylus lizeri album Steinhauser, 1989 TL: Brazil (MG) M T Staphylus lizeri lizeri (Hayward, 1938) TL: Bolivia M T S Staphylus caribbea (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1940) Panamanian Sootywing Nicaragua to Ecuador iN M T S1 S2 I G Staphylus buena (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1940) TL: Bolivia M T S Staphylus melius Steinhauser, 1989 TL: Argentina M T Staphylus musculus (Burmeister, 1875) iN M T S IL L G Staphylus imperspicua (Hayward, 1940) TL: Ecuador M S Staphylus corumba (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1940) TL: Brazil (MS) M T S Staphylus ascalon (Staudinger, 1876) iN M T TI S IL Staphylus eryx Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Staphylus melangon (Mabille, 1883) iN Staphylus melangon epicaste Mabille, 1903 ref.151 M T S IL G Staphylus melangon melangon (Mabille, 1883) TL: S. Amer. M T S Staphylus melangon stanga Evans, 1953 TL: Ecuador M T Staphylus tucumanus (Plötz, 1884) iN M S Staphylus perna Evans, 1953 iN M T S Staphylus insignis O. Mielke, 1980 TL: Brazil (RS) M OI S G Staphylus tyro (Mabille, 1878) TL: Brazil; Venezuela M T Staphylus azteca (Scudder, 1872) Aztec Sootywing E & W Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S1 S2 L I G Staphylus floridus Grishin, 2022 Florida Sootywing USA: FL; ref.14 M T L I Staphylus hayhurstii (W. H. Edwards, 1870) Hayhurst's Sootywing S Ontario, E USA to far SE SD, NB, KS, to S-C TX iN M T OD S L1 L2 I H G Staphylus mazans (Reakirt, [1867]) Mazans Sootywing C TX to CHIS iN M T OD S L1 L2 G Txt Staphylus unicornis Steinhauser & Austin, 1993 Unicorn Sootywing Costa Rica M T1 T2 Staphylus ascalaphus (Staudinger, 1876) Central American Sootywing SE Mexico to Bolivia, S Brazil iN M T OD S1 S2 L G Staphylus yucatanus Grishin, 2023 Yucatan Peninsula; ref.153 M S HS Staphylus lenis Steinhauser, 1989 Lenis Sootywing Trinidad iN M T G Staphylus perforata (Möschler, 1879) Perforata Sootywing Panama, Colombia, Peru M T S G Staphylus rotundalus Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Staphylus tierra Evans, 1953 West-Mexican Sootywing W Mexico (SON to CHIS), El Salvador iN M T S L Staphylus veytius H. Freeman, 1969 TL: Mexico (Chia) M T Staphylus huigra (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1940) Huigra Sootywing TL: Ecuador Staphylus huigra huigra (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1940) El Salvador, Ecuador to Bolivia M T S G Staphylus huigra canka Evans, 1953 TL: Peru M T Staphylus alpheus (W. H. Edwards, 1876) Saltbush Sootywing iN Staphylus alpheus oricus (W. H. Edwards, 1879) E & S CA, NV, SW UT, NW AZ M T S L Ha Staphylus alpheus alpheus (W. H. Edwards, 1876) [= texana], S AZ, NM, CO, far S MT, TX (verification needed for NE Mexico) M S1 S2 L1 L2 I1 I2 G Staphylus gracielae (MacNeill, 1970) MacNeill's Sootywing lower Colorado River drainage, Wa Co., UT to SON + Baja iN M T S L I H Staphylus libya (Scudder, 1878) Mojave Sootywing iN Staphylus libya joaquina (J. Emmel, T. Emmel & Mattoon, 1998) S San Joaquin Valley, CA M T S Staphylus libya libya (Scudder, 1878) Mojave Desert, CA- S NV-AZ M S L1 L2 H Ha G V Staphylus libya Great Basin segregate (, ) SE OR, SW ID, most of NV, E CA M S L H Ha Staphylus libya confertiblanca (Scott, 1992) [perhaps a synonym of lena], W CO, far NW NM, UT?, N AZ? M T S I Staphylus libya lena (W. H. Edwards, 1882) W ND, E MT, WY, UT? M S Pholisora Scudder, 1872 Pholisora mejicanus (Reakirt, [1867]) Mexican Sootywing S-C Colorado to Oaxaca iN M T S L G Pholisora albicirrus Glassberg, 2023 White-tufted Sootywing SE AZ & NW MX; ref.145,146 M S L Pholisora catullus (Fabricius, 1793) Common Sootywing widespread in USA and S Canada, S to Col. and Hid....S to Oax. iN M S HS L I G Pholisora crestar Scott & Davenport, 2017 Starred Sootywing Tulare & Kern Cos, CA; ref.11 Pholisora litus (Dyar, 1912) Many-spotted Sootywing mostly W Mexico; ref.13 iN M T S L Tribe Carcharodini, Subtribe Carcharodina Noctuana E. Bell, 1937 Noctuana lactifera (A. Butler & H. Druce, 1872) Cryptic Skipper iN Noctuana lactifera bipuncta (Plötz, 1884) E & W Mexico to Nicaragua M S L Noctuana lactifera lactifera (A. Butler & H. Druce, 1872) Costa Rica to Colombia M T S L I G Noctuana noctua (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Noctua Skipper Panama to Ecuador and Peru iN M T S Noctuana brunneofusca (Mabille & Boullet, 1917) iN M T Noctuana haematospila (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) iN M T S Noctuana stator (Godman, 1899) Red-studded Skipper W Mexico & S TX (one-time stray) to Guianas, Trinidad, Peru iN M T S L I G Noctuana diurna (A. Butler, 1870) iN M T S Windia H. Freeman, 1969 Windia windi H. Freeman, 1969 Wind’s Skipper SE Arizona (one-time stray), NW Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S L G Tribe Pyrgini Pyrgus Hübner, [1819] Pyrgus centaureae (Rambur, [1842]) Grizzled Skipper iN Pyrgus centaureae dzekh Gorbunov, 2007 AK; ref.12 M S Pyrgus centaureae freija (B. Warren, 1924) boreal N America M T S Ha Pyrgus centaureae loki Evans, 1953 Rocky Mountains M T S1 S2 S3 L1 L2 I1 I2 Ha Pyrgus centaureae wyandot (W. H. Edwards, 1863) E & NE USA M T S L1 L2 G Pyrgus ruralis (Boisduval, 1852) Two-banded Checkered-Skipper iN Pyrgus ruralis ruralis (Boisduval, 1852) NW CO, UT, W WY, W MT, SW ALTA, S BC to C CA M T S1 S2 S3 L1 L2 Ha G Pyrgus ruralis lagunae Scott, 1981 Laguna Mts., San Diego Co., CA M T1 T2 T3 S L Ha1 Ha2 Pyrgus xanthus W. H. Edwards, 1878 Mountain Checkered-Skipper S UT, N & E AZ, NM, S-C & SW CO iN M T S IL L1 L2 I H G Pyrgus scriptura (Boisduval, 1852) Small Checkered-Skipper iN Pyrgus scriptura scriptura (Boisduval, 1852) at least San Francisco Bay area, CA M T S L G Pyrgus scriptura apertorum Austin, 1998 most of range, ALTA to Zacatecas M T S L I Ha Chirgus Grishin, 2019 Chirgus barrosi (Ureta, 1956) Chile M S Chirgus limbata (Erschoff, 1876) Peru, Bolivia, Argentina & Chile iN M T S Chirgus nigella (Weeks, 1902) Peru, Bolivia; ref.7 M S L Chirgus fides (Hayward, 1940) Peru, Bolivia, Argentina & Chile iN M T S IL G Chirgus bocchoris (Hewitson, 1874) Peru, Bolivia, Argentina & Chile iN Chirgus bocchoris cuzcona (Draudt, 1923) TL: Peru M T S L G Chirgus bocchoris bocchoris (Hewitson, 1874) TL: Bolivia M T S IL G Chirgus bocchoris trisignatus (Mabille, 1875) TL: Chile M T S Chirgus veturius (Plötz, 1884) Brazil & Bolivia iN M T S Burnsius notatus (Blanchard, 1852) Chile iN Burnsius notatus notatus (Blanchard, 1852) TL: Chile M T S Burnsius notatus valdiviana (Reed, 1877) TL: Chile M T Burnsius crisia (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Antillean Checkered-Skipper Cuba and Hispaniola iN M T S G Burnsius communis (Grote, 1872) Common Checkered-Skipper USA & S Canada, S to Oaxaca; ref.7,15 iN Burnsius communis W Oregon segregate (, ) W Oregon, N CA Siskiyous M S L Ha Burnsius communis high-elevation Cascades-Sierra Nevada segregate (, ) high elevation C Cascades, OR, & N Sierra Nevada, CA M L Burnsius communis communis (Grote, 1872) widespread in USA & S Canada, S to C Mexico M T S1 S2 Ab L1 L2 L3 L4 I F Ha G Burnsius communis albescens (Plötz, 1884) S Mexico; ref.15 M T Burnsius albezens Grishin, 2022 White Checkered-Skipper [former albescens] S USA (CA to SC), S to Oaxaca; ref.15 iN M T S L1 L2 I H G V Burnsius burnsi Grishin, 2022 Burns' Checkered-Skipper [N. Amer. "adepta"] Mexico to Panama; ref.15 M T S1 S2 Ab L G Burnsius adepta (Plötz, 1884) E Colombia; ref.15 iN Burnsius adepta adepta (Plötz, 1884) E Colombia; ref.15 M T S Burnsius adepta inepta Grishin, 2022 W Colombia & Ecuador; ref.15 M T S Burnsius orcynus Grishin, 2022 Curacao & Margarita Is. (Venezuela); ref.15 M T IL Burnsius orcynoides (Giacomelli, 1928) iN M S IL L G Burnsius chloe (Evans, 1942) Ecuador & Peru; ref.15 iN M T S Burnsius titicaca (Reverdin, 1921) Peru; ref.15 iN M S Burnsius philetas (W. H. Edwards, 1881) Desert Checkered-Skipper S AZ to S TX, S to Chiapas iN M T S L I H G Burnsius oileus (Linnaeus, 1767) Tropical Checkered-Skipper SE AZ, SW NM, S TX to GA, S to CR, Gr. & L. Antilles iN M T S1 S2 HS Ma L1 L2 L3 L4 I G Burnsius orcus (Stoll, 1780) Orcus Checkered-Skipper [= varus] Oax and Chis to Argentina, Trinidad to Dominica; ref.15 iN M T S1 S2 IL Co L1 L2 G Burnsius brenda (Evans, 1942) Brenda Checkered-Skipper Ecuador & Peru iN M T S Co G Heliopetes Billberg, 1820 [includes Leucoscirtes & Heliopyrgus as subgenera]; ref.7 Heliopetes americanus (Blanchard, 1852) ref.7 iN Heliopetes americanus americanus (Blanchard, 1852) TL: Chile M S Heliopetes americanus bellatrix (Plötz, 1884) Argentina; ref.15 M T S IL G Heliopetes willi (Plötz, 1884) Brazil, Argentina & Paraguay; ref.15 M S IL G Heliopetes domicella (Erichson, [1849]) Erichson’s White-Skipper ref.7 iN Heliopetes domicella domicella (Erichson, [1849]) S CA & S NV to S TX, S to Venezuela M T S L1 L2 I G Heliopetes domicella margarita (E. Bell, 1937) TL: Venezuela M T S Heliopetes sublinea Schaus, 1902 East-Mexican White-Skipper S TX & E Mexico to Yucatan Peninsula; ref.7 iN M T S L G Heliopetes purgia Schaus, 1902 Brazil; ref.7 iN M T S Heliopetes omrina (A. Butler, 1870) Stained White-Skipper Panama to Argentina iN M T S IL L G Heliopetes ericetorum (Boisduval, 1852) Northern White-Skipper Baja California (norte), CA, Columbia Basin, Great Basin, AZ iN M T S L1 L2 L3 I Ha G Heliopetes laviana (Hewitson, 1868) Laviana White-Skipper iN Heliopetes laviana laviana (Hewitson, 1868) S AZ and Baja California, C & S TX, most of Mexico to Venez. M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 I H G Heliopetes laviana leca (A. Butler, 1870) TL: Venezuela M T Heliopetes libra Evans, 1944 iN M T S IL L G Heliopetes macaira (Reakirt, [1867]) Turk’s-cap White-Skipper S TX, E & W Mexico to Panama iN M T S L I G Heliopetes nivella (Mabille, 1883) iN M T S Heliopetes orbigera (Mabille, 1888) Brazil; ref.7 M T OI S Heliopetes marginata Hayward, 1940 iN M T Heliopetes elonmuski Grishin, 2023 SpaceX White-Skipper S TX to Costa Rica; ref.19 M T S L1 L2 I G Heliopetes arsalte (Linnaeus, 1758) Veined White-Skipper Panama to Argentina; ref.19 iN M T S IL G Heliopetes lana Grishin, 2023 Mexico to Guatemala; ref.153 M S Heliopetes acuta Grishin, 2024 Mexico: Oax; ref.154 M T Heliopetes alana (Reakirt, 1868) Alana White-Skipper [= janice] Costa Rica to Argentina; ref.20 iN M T S1 S2 IL L1 L2 G Heliopetes chimbo Evans, 1953 iN M T S Heliopetes petrus (Hübner, [1819]) iN M S Heliopetes ochroleuca J. Zikán, 1938 iN M T S IL L G Heliopetes leucola (Hewitson, 1868) iN M T S Celotes Godman & Salvin, 1899 Celotes sabinus Grishin, 2023 Arizona Streaky-Skipper ref.146 M T S L I Celotes nessus (W. H. Edwards, 1877) Common Streaky-Skipper far SE CA, S AZ, NM, S OK, TX, N Mexico iN M T S L I H G Celotes spurcus A. Warren, Steinhauser, Hernandez-Mejia & Grishin, 2008 Mexican Streaky-Skipper Central Mexico; ref.98 iN M T L Ha G Celotes limpia Burns, 1974 West-Texas Streaky-Skipper W TX to Coahuila iN M T S L G Systaspes Weeks, 1901 Systaspes funebris (R. Felder, 1869) West-Mexican Spurwing W & S Mexico; ref.5 iN M T S L G Systaspes corrosus (Mabille, 1878) Small Spurwing E Mexico to Panama; ref.5 iN M T S L Trina Evans, 1953 Trina geometrina (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) iN Trina geometrina geometrina (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) TL: Venezuela; Colombia M T S IL L Trina geometrina phalaena (Mabille, 1898) TL: Bolivia M T S L Antina minor (O. Mielke, 1980) S Brazil; ref.16 iN M T OI S G Antigonus Hübner, [1819] Antigonus nearchus (Latreille, [1817]) Large Spurwing E & W Mexico to S Brazil and Paraguay iN M T S IL L I G Antigonus erosus (Hübner, [1812]) Common Spurwing W Mexico & S TX (rare stray) to S Brazil and Paraguay iN M T S1 S2 IL L1 L2 I G Antigonus emorsa (R. Felder, 1869) White Spurwing W Mexico (SE AZ as rare stray, SON to OAX) iN M T S1 S2 L I G Diaeus Godman & Salvin, 1895 Diaeus varna Evans, 1953 Camouflaged Skipper E Mexico to Panama iN M T S L G Diaeus lacaena (Hewitson, 1869) iN M T S L Diaeus ambata Evans, 1953 iN M T S Diaeus variegata (Plötz, 1884) iN M T TI S G Onenses Godman & Salvin, 1895 Onenses hyalophora (R. Felder, 1869) Crystal-winged Skipper E Mexico to Guatemala iN M S L G Systasea W. H. Edwards, 1877 Systasea microsticta Dyar, 1923 Rare Spurwing S Mexico (GRO, MOR, PUE, OAX) iN M T S L Ha Systasea pulverulenta (R. Felder, 1869) Texas Powdered-Skipper S AZ, S NM, C & S TX to Guatemala iN M T S L1 L2 I H G Systasea zampa (W. H. Edwards, 1876) Arizona Powdered-Skipper Baja, far S CA, S NV, S AZ, S NM, W TX, SON, CHIH, COAH iN M T1 T2 TI S L I H G Zobera H. Freeman, 1970 Zobera albopunctata H. Freeman, 1970 Coliman Zobera W Mexico (Colima) M T S G Zobera marginata H. Freeman, 1979 Western Zobera W Mexico (NAY, MICH, OAX) iN M T S L G Zobera oaxaquena Steinhauser, 1991 Oaxacan Zobera S Mexico (OAX) iN M T1 T2 S L G Xenophanes Godman & Salvin, 1895 Xenophanes ruatanensis Godman & Salvin, 1895 Glassy-winged Skipper S Texas to Costa Rica; ref.16 M T S1 S2 L1 L2 I1 I2 G Xenophanes tryxus (Stoll, 1780) Classy-winged Skipper Panama to Argentina; ref.16 iN M T S IL G Canesia canescens (R. Felder, 1869) Hoary Skipper W Mexico & S TX to Panama; ref.5 iN M T S1 S2 IL L I G Canesia pallida (Röber, 1925) S Brazil; ref.5,13 M T S IL Canesia lilloi (Hayward, 1947) Ecuador; ref.5 M TI IL G Canesia leada (A. Butler, 1870) Butler's Hoary-Skipper Costa Rica to Bolivia and S Brazil; ref.5 iN M T S HS IL G Canesia recurva (Austin, 2000) Brazil; ref.5 M T OI G Canesia callipetes (Godman & Salvin, 1895) Cloud-forest Hoary-Skipper S Mexico and Guatemala; ref.5 iN M T OI S L G Canesia meridensis (Godman & Salvin, 1895) Costa Rican Hoary-Skipper Nicaragua to Colombia and Venezuela; ref.5 iN M T OI S L G Canesia ella Grishin, 2023 Beautiful Hoary-Skipper Venezuela; ref.153 Carrhenes Godman & Salvin, 1895 Carrhenes fuscescens (Mabille, 1891) Tanned Hoary-Skipper E & W Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S1 S2 L I G Carrhenes conia Evans, 1953 the Guianas; ref.13 M T S G Carrhenes chaeremon (Mabille, 1891) iN M T S IL G Carrhenes calidius Godman & Salvin, 1895 Rain-forest Hoary-Skipper SE Mexico to Bolivia iN M T S1 S2 I G Carrhenes sinesinus Steinhauser, 1989 TL: Colombia M T Carrhenes bamba Evans, 1953 iN M T S IL G Carrhenes infuscescens Steinhauser, 1989 TL: Argentina M T S Carrhenes decens (A. Butler, 1874) Peru; ref.13 iN M T S L Santa santes (E. Bell, 1940) Peru and Bolivia; ref.5 iN M T S Santa trifasciatus (Lindsey, 1925) Peru; ref.5 iN M S HS Santa palica (Mabille, 1888) [= Paches era] Peru; ref.13 M T OI S Paches Godman & Salvin, 1895 [includes Tiges as a subgenus]; ref.13 Paches mutilatus (Hopffer, 1874) Peru; ref.13 iN M T S L1 L2 G Paches liborius (Plötz, 1884) Brazil (Ba); ref.13 iN Paches liborius liborius (Plötz, 1884) Brazil (Ba); ref.13 M T S IL L G Paches liborius areta (Evans, 1953) TL: Brazil (RS) M T S Paches exosa (A. Butler, 1877) TL: Brazil (Am) M T S L Paches polla (Mabille, 1888) Polla Blue-Skipper E & W Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T OI S IL L Paches gladiatus (A. Butler, 1870) iN M T S Paches loxana Evans, 1953 Bolivia; ref.153 M T S Paches loxeca Grishin, 2023 S Ecuador & N Peru; ref.153 Paches loxus (Westwood, 1852) Glorious Blue-Skipper Panama to Venezuela, Ecuador, N Brazil iN M T OI S IL L G Paches gloriosus Röber, 1925 Glorious Blue-Skipper [= zonula], SE Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.153 M T S1 S2 S3 L I Plumbago Evans, 1953 Plumbago plumbago (Plötz, 1884) iN M T OI S L Plumbago pulverea (Mabille, 1878) TL: French Guiana M T TI S Plumbago serapion (Plötz, 1884) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T Zopyrion Godman & Salvin, 1896 [includes Timochreon as a subgenus]; ref.13 Zopyrion subvariegata Hayward, 1942 iN Zopyrion subvariegata subvariegata Hayward, 1942 TL: Ecuador M T S Zopyrion subvariegata thyas Evans, 1953 TL: Peru M T S Zopyrion reticulata Hayward, 1942 TL: Brazil (Go) M S Zopyrion evenor Godman, 1901 iN Zopyrion evenor tressa Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Zopyrion evenor thania Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Pe) M T S Zopyrion evenor evenor Godman, 1901 TL: Brazil (MS) M T S Zopyrion sandace Godman & Salvin, 1896 Sandy Skipper E & W Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S L G Zopyrion satyrina (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Colombia & Venezuela; ref.13 iN M T S Zopyrion satyrus (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Satyr Skipper ref.13 iN Zopyrion satyrus satyrus (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Costa Rica to upper Amazon M T S1 S2 L I G Zopyrion satyrus forta (Evans, 1953) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Zopyrion satyrus tampa (Evans, 1953) TL: Brazil (MT) M T S IL G Zopyrion doria (Plötz, 1884) Brazil; ref.13 iN M S Anisochoria Mabille, 1877 Anisochoria bacchus Evans, 1953 Northern Snout-Skipper SE Mexico to El Salvador iN M T S L G Anisochoria polysticta Mabille, 1877 Central American Snout-Skipper Costa Rica to Guianas; ref.13 M T S I Anisochoria pedaliodina (A. Butler, 1870) iN M T S IL L1 L2 G Anisochoria extincta Hayward, 1933 Argentina; ref.13 M S IL G Anisochoria sublimbata Mabille, 1883 iN M T TI S IL L G Anisochoria subpicta Schaus, 1902 iN M T S Anisochoria verda Evans, 1953 Ecuador; ref.13 M T S Anisochoria minorella Mabille, 1898 iN M T S L Anisochoria quadrifenestrata (Bryk, 1953) TL: Brazil (Ba) M T S Anisochoria superior Mabille, 1898 TL: Bolivia M T S Anisochoria vianna Evans, 1953 TL: Brazil (Go) M T S Bralus nadia (Nicolay, 1980) Ecuador; ref.5,13 iN M T Bralus albida (Mabille, 1888) Peru; ref.5 M T OI S Bralus alco (Evans, 1953) Bolivia; ref.13 M T S Tribe Erynnini Clito Evans, 1953 Clito jonkersi de Jong, 1983 Jonkers's Clito TL: Surinam M T OD Clito palotschka Grishin, 2014 I-Clito Ecuador; ref.71 M T Clito litteroides Grishin, 2014 Subscripted Clito Venezuela; ref.71 M T Clito trinidadensis Cock, 1998 Trinidad Clito Trinidad M T OD Clito littera (Mabille, 1877) Scripted Clito S Brazil; ref.71 M T OD S IL Txt Clito nebulosa (Draudt, 1924) Nebulous Clito Bolivia; ref.71 M T OD G Clito anda Evans, 1953 White-patched Clito Amazonian; ref.71 M T S IL G Clito bibulus (N. Riley, 1929) Mottled Clito Brazil M T S G Clito congruens Grishin, 2023 S & W Mexico to Panama; ref.153 Clito aberrans (Draudt, 1924) Northern Clito [= Evans' "clito"], Colombia to S Brazil iN M T OD S1 S2 S3 S4 IL L I1 I2 G Clito sompa Evans, 1953 Brazil iN M T S G Clito tuva Evans, 1953 Brazil M T S G Clito zelotes (Hewitson, 1873) Hewitson’s Clito SE Mexico (VER) to French Guiana and upper Amazon iN M T S IL L G Clito mnemon (Schaus, 1913) Horseshoe-spotted Skipper Costa Rica iN M T S Clito zenda Evans, 1953 TL: Surinam M T S G Clito clada (Evans, 1953) TL: Brazil (Ma) M T S IL G Anastrus Hübner, [1824] Anastrus meliboea (Godman & Salvin, 1894) Scarce Anastrus iN Anastrus meliboea meliboea (Godman & Salvin, 1894) (SE Mexico?), Costa Rica to Colombia M T S L G Anastrus meliboea bactra Evans, 1953 TL: Bolivia M T S L Anastrus neaeris (Möschler, 1879) Brilliant Anastrus iN Anastrus neaeris neaeris (Möschler, 1879) S Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador M T S1 S2 L I G Anastrus neaeris narva Evans, 1953 Panama to Bolivia and E-C Brazil M T S IL L G Anastrus virens Austin, 1999 iN Anastrus virens albopannus Austin, 2002 SE Mexico (OAX) to Panama M T S L G Anastrus virens virens Austin, 1999 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T G Anastrus chaqua Evans, 1953 Peru M T S Anastrus obscurus Hübner, [1824] iN M OI S Anastrus ulpianus Poey, 1832 S Brazil iN M T S Mylon Godman & Salvin, 1894 Mylon illineatus Mabille & Boullet, 1917 Illineatus Mylon iN Mylon illineatus illineatus Mabille & Boullet, 1917 Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M T S IL Co Ma L G Mylon illineatus toxina Evans, 1953 Upper Amazonian region of Colombia, Ecuador, NE Peru and NW Brazil M T OD Co L G Mylon lassia (Hewitson, 1868) Bold Mylon E & W Mexico to Guianas and Trinidad iN M T S1 S2 IL L I G Mylon zephus (A. Butler, 1870) Zephus Mylon iN Mylon zephus zephus (A. Butler, 1870) Colombia & Venezuela, hypothetical for Panama M T S Mylon zephus albodiscus Mabille & Boullet, 1917 Peru, Bolivia M T L Mylon orsa Evans, 1953 Orsa Mylon Costa Rica and Panama M T S IL G Mylon mestor Evans, 1953 Mestor Mylon Ecuador iN M T S IL G Mylon salvia Evans, 1953 Evans’ Mylon Mexico, Guatemala to Ecuador iN M T S1 S2 IL I G Mylon ander Evans, 1953 Narrow-winged Mylon iN Mylon ander andrea Evans, 1953 SE Mexico to Colombia M T OD S L Mylon ander ander Evans, 1953 Colombia to Bolivia and S Brazil M T OD S IL L G Mylon maimon (Fabricius, 1775) Common Mylon [= menippus], E & W Mexico to Argentina iN M T S1 S2 S3 IL L1 L2 L3 I G Txt Mylon cajus (Plötz, 1884) iN Mylon cajus hera Evans, 1953 (SE Mexico?), Guatemala to Panama M T S IL L G Mylon cajus cajus (Plötz, 1884) Colombia to S Brazil M T S L Hoodus pelopidas (Fabricius, 1793) Pale Mylon SE AZ (one-time stray), E & W Mexico to Paraguay; ref.5 iN M T S1 S2 IL Ma L1 L2 I G Hoodus cristata (Austin, 2000) Austin's Mylon Campeche and Chiapas to Guianas and Brazil; ref.5 iN M OI S IL G Hoodus jason (Ehrmann, 1907) Jason’s Mylon (SE Mexico?), Guatemala to S Brazil and Paraguay; ref.5 iN M TI S L G Hoodus exstincta (Mabille & Boullet, 1917) Forgotten Mylon NW Brazil; ref.5 M IL L G Hoodus simplex (Austin, 2000) Unadorned Mylon NW Brazil; ref.5 M T OI L G Hoodus argonautarum (Austin, 2000) Argonaut Mylon NW Brazil; ref.5 iN M T OI S G Echelatus Godman & Salvin, 1894 Echelatus sempiternus (A. Butler & H. Druce, 1872) Common Anastrus ref.5 iN Echelatus sempiternus sempiternus (A. Butler & H. Druce, 1872) S TX (one-time stray), E & W Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador M T S L I1 I2 G Echelatus sempiternus simplicior (Möschler, 1877) Colombia to Brazil; ref.13 M T S HS L G Echelatus sempiternus dilloni E. Bell & W. Comstock, 1948 Jamaica, Hispaniola, Cuba M T S L Tolius luctuosus (Godman & Salvin, 1894) West-Mexican Anastrus [= Mexican "robigus"], W Mexico; ref.13 iN M T S G Tolius tolimus (Plötz, 1884) Blurry Anastrus iN Tolius tolimus tolimus (Plötz, 1884) E Mexico to Ecuador; ref.13 M S L G Tolius tolimus robigus (Plötz, 1884) S. Amer.; ref.13 M T TI S G Anaxas petius (Möschler, 1877) ref.5 iN Anaxas petius peto (Evans, 1953) Guatemala to Costa Rica M T S G Anaxas petius petius (Möschler, 1877) TL: Surinam M T S L G Anaxas isidro (Grishin, 2012) Isidro's Skipper Costa Rica and Panama; ref.62,5 M T G Anaxas obliqua (Plötz, 1884) S. Amer.; ref.5 iN M T S IL G Potamanaxas Lindsey, 1925 Potamanaxas thoria (Hewitson, 1870) Thoria Skipper Nicaragua to Peru iN M T OI OD S1 S2 S3 L I G Potamanaxas okroogly Grishin, 2013 Ovalpatch Skipper E Colombia, Ecuador, Peru & Bolivia; ref.69 M T S HS IL L G Potamanaxas cranda Evans, 1953 Cranda Skipper Costa Rica & Panama M T OD S1 S2 G Potamanaxas louisghilli Grishin, 2015 Hill's Skipper Costa Rica & Panama; ref.76 M T S Potamanaxas [n. sp.] Grishin, MS Potamanaxas louisghilli complex Colombia to Peru M S Potamanaxas melicertes (Godman & Salvin, 1895) Melicertes Skipper Costa Rica to Ecuador iN M T OI OD S IL Potamanaxas paphos Evans, 1953 Paphos Skipper Costa Rica to Ecuador iN M T OD S1 S2 S3 G Potamanaxas hirta (Weeks, 1901) Hirta Skipper Colombia to Bolivia iN M T OI OD TI S1 S2 S3 S4 L G Txt Potamanaxas flavofasciata (Hewitson, 1870) Yellowbanded Skipper iN Potamanaxas flavofasciata flavofasciata (Hewitson, 1870) Ecuador, Peru M T S1 S2 G Potamanaxas flavofasciata pantra Evans, 1953 Bolivia M T OD S IL G Potamanaxas effusa (Draudt, 1922) Effusa Skipper iN Potamanaxas effusa effusa (Draudt, 1922) Colombia to Guianas and Peru M OI OD S1 S2 G Potamanaxas effusa confusa (Draudt, 1922) Costa Rica, Panama & Colombia M OI OD S Potamanaxas xantholeuce (Mabille, 1888) Xantholeuce Skipper Panama iN M T OI TI S Potamanaxas hermieri Grishin, 2013 Hermier's Skipper Ecuador; ref.66 M T Potamanaxas paralus (Godman & Salvin, 1895) Paralus Skipper Colombia to Bolivia iN M T OD S1 S2 IL L Txt Potamanaxas latrea (Hewitson, 1875) Latrea Skipper iN Potamanaxas latrea latrea (Hewitson, 1875) Nicaragua to Colombia M T OI OD TI S Potamanaxas latrea caliadne (Godman & Salvin, 1895) Costa Rica M T OI OD S IL G Potamanaxas latrea tusca Evans, 1953 Ecuador M T OD S IL L G Potamanaxas latrea tyndarus Evans, 1953 Peru M T OD S G Potamanaxas thestia (Hewitson, 1870) Thestia Skipper Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia iN M T S IL L G Potamanaxas forum Evans, 1953 Forum Skipper S Peru, Bolivia M T OD S G Potamanaxas lamasi Grishin, 2013 Lamas' Skipper N & central Peru; ref.65 M T OD S G Potamanaxas fuma Evans, 1953 Fuma Skipper central Peru M T OD G Potamanaxas frenda Evans, 1953 Frenda Skipper Peru iN M T OD S IL G Potamanaxas bana E. Bell, 1956 Bana skipper Ecuador M T OI OD S L G Potamanaxas serp Grishin, 2013 Sickle-clasp Skipper Colombia; ref.67 M T Potamanaxas quira E. Bell, 1956 Quira Skipper Colombia iN M T OI OD S G Potamanaxas trigga Evans, 1953 Trigga Skipper Colombia, Ecuador, Peru iN M T OD S G Potamanaxas laoma (Hewitson, 1870) Laoma Skipper iN Potamanaxas laoma fumida (Draudt, 1922) Colombia M OI OD S Potamanaxas laoma laoma (Hewitson, 1870) Ecuador M T S1 S2 G Potamanaxas laoma violacea (Dognin, 1888) Ecuador, Peru M T OI OD S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 IL G Potamanaxas laoma cosna Evans, 1953 Peru, Bolivia M T OD S1 S2 G Potamanaxas trex Evans, 1953 Trex Skipper Colombia, Ecuador M T OD S G Potamanaxas tunga E. Bell, 1956 Tunga Skipper Ecuador M T OI OD G Potamanaxas zagadka Grishin, 2013 Phylomystery Skipper Ecuador; ref.68 M T Potamanaxas andraemon (Mabille, 1898) Andraemon Skipper Colombia (West Andes) iN M T OD S L G Potamanaxas perornatus Hayward, 1940 Perornatus Skipper Colombia (East Andes), Ecuador, N Peru M T OD S G Potamanaxas tschotky Grishin, 2013 Crisppatch Skipper Colombia & Ecuador; ref.69 iN M T S L G Festivia cronion (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) ref.5 iN M T S IL L Festivia festiva (Erichson, [1849]) ref.5 iN M T S IL L Festivia caerulans (Mabille & Boullet, 1917) ref.5 iN M T Festivia grippa (Evans, 1953) Grippa Skipper Costa Rica to Ecuador and Bolivia; ref.5 iN M T S L Festivia peruvia Grishin, 2023 Peru; ref.153 Festivia jinna (Evans, 1953) Colombia; ref.5 M T OD Festivia adamantinus (Mabille, 1898) Peru and Bolivia; ref.5 M T S IL Sostrata Godman & Salvin, 1895 Sostrata nordica Evans, 1953 Blue-studded Skipper S TX to Costa Rica iN M T S1 S2 L I Sostrata bifasciata (Ménétriés, 1829) iN Sostrata bifasciata leucorrhoa Godman & Salvin, 1895 Costa Rica to Colombia M T S L Sostrata bifasciata adamas (Plötz, 1884) TL: Brazil M S Sostrata bifasciata bifasciata (Ménétriés, 1829) TL: Brazil (MG) M T S Sostrata pusilla Godman & Salvin, 1895 Pusilla Skipper iN Sostrata pusilla pusilla Godman & Salvin, 1895 Nicaragua to upper Amazon M T S I Sostrata pusilla pulsa Evans, 1953 TL: Ecuador M T OD S Gorgythion Godman & Salvin, 1896 Gorgythion vox Evans, 1953 Crab’s-claw Skipper E Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T OD S L G Gorgythion begga (Prittwitz, 1868) iN Gorgythion begga pyralina (Möschler, 1877) S TX to Guianas and Bolivia M OI OD S1 S2 L I1 I2 G Gorgythion begga begga (Prittwitz, 1868) ref.151 M T OD S IL L G Gorgythion guyanus Grishin, 2023 Guyana; ref.151 Gorgythion marginata Schaus, 1902 Peru; ref.151 M T OD Gorgythion plautia (Möschler, 1877) iN M T OI OD S L G Gorgythion beggina Mabille, 1898 Beggina Skipper Costa Rica to Argentina iN Gorgythion beggina escalophoides (Hayward, 1941) Costa Rica to Argentina M T OD TI S IL G Txt Gorgythion beggina beggina Mabille, 1898 TL: Bolivia M T OD S G Gorgythion canda Evans, 1953 TL: Paraguay M T OD S G Gorgythion alcandra (Dognin, 1891) iN M T OD G Txt Chiothion Grishin, 2019 Chiothion georgina (Reakirt, 1868) White-patched Skipper ref.5 iN Chiothion georgina pelagica (Weeks, 1891) Baja California M T OI S L Chiothion georgina georgina (Reakirt, 1868) SE AZ & S TX, E & W Mexico to Costa Rica M T S1 S2 L1 L2 I G Chiothion asychis (Stoll, 1780) ref.5 iN Chiothion asychis simon (Evans, 1953) Costa Rica to Venezuela, Trinidad M T S1 S2 G Chiothion asychis vincenta (Evans, 1953) St. Vincent M T S G Chiothion asychis grenada (Evans, 1953) St. Lucia, Grenadines, Grenada M T S G Chiothion asychis asychis (Stoll, 1780) TL: Surinam M T TI S IL G Chiothion asychis zania (Evans, 1953) TL: Peru M T S G Chiothion asychis autander (Mabille, 1891) TL: Argentina M T S IL L G Chiothion khalili (N. Riley, 1934) Brazil; ref.5 M T S G Chiothion basigutta (Plötz, 1884) ref.5 iN M T S G Theagenes Godman & Salvin, 1896 Theagenes aegides (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) White-centered Bent-Skipper E & W Mexico to Panama iN M S L G Theagenes albiplaga (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) iN M T S IL G Theagenes dichrous (Mabille, 1878) Brazil; ref.13 iN M T S IL G Helias Fabricius, 1807 Helias cama Evans, 1953 Squared Bent-Skipper E Mexico to Colombia iN M T S1 S2 L I G Helias godmani (Mabille & Boullet, 1917) Godman's Bent-Skipper Costa Rica to Ecuador iN M T S Helias phalaenoides Fabricius, 1807 Fabricius' Bent-Skipper iN Helias phalaenoides phalaenoides Fabricius, 1807 Panama to Bolivia M S L Helias phalaenoides palpalis (Latreille, [1824]) TL: Brazil M T S IL G Ebrietas Godman & Salvin, 1896 Ebrietas osyris (Staudinger, 1876) Yellow-patched Bent-Skipper SE Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador iN M T S1 S2 IL L I G Ebrietas infanda (A. Butler, 1877) iN M T S L G Ebrietas badia (Plötz, 1884) Badia Bent-Skipper Costa Rica to Bolivia iN M S G Ebrietas anacreon (Staudinger, 1876) Common Bent-Skipper iN Ebrietas anacreon anacreon (Staudinger, 1876) E & W Mexico to Argentina M T S1 S2 HS L I G Ebrietas anacreon triseriata (Plötz, 1884) TL: Venezuela Ebrietas anacreon leucophaea Mabille & Boullet, 1917 TL: Colombia; Ecuador; Brazil M T Ebrietas sappho Steinhauser, 1974 Sappho Bent-Skipper E Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S G Ebrietas elaudia (Plötz, 1884) Elaudia Bent-Skipper iN Ebrietas elaudia livius Mabille, 1898 SE Mexico (TAB, CHIS) to Bolivia M T S IL Ebrietas elaudia elaudia (Plötz, 1884) Panama, Colombia, Venezuela M S Ebrietas evanidus Mabille, 1898 Blurred Bent-Skipper SE Mexico to Peru and upper Amazon iN M T S L G Cycloglypha Mabille, 1903 Cycloglypha thrasibulus (Fabricius, 1793) Widespread Bent-Skipper iN Cycloglypha thrasibulus thrasibulus (Fabricius, 1793) E & W Mexico to S Brazil & Paraguay M T S1 S2 IL L I G Cycloglypha thrasibulus flinta Evans, 1953 TL: Ecuador M T Cycloglypha tisias (Godman & Salvin, 1896) Tisias Bent-Skipper SE Mexico (OAX) to Brazil iN M T OD S G Cycloglypha corax Grishin, 2023 SE & S Brazil; ref.153 Cycloglypha caeruleonigra Mabille, 1903 iN M T S G Cycloglypha stellita J. Zikán, 1938 iN M S Cycloglypha enega (Möschler, 1877) Enega Bent-Skipper Nicaragua to Bolivia and S Brazil iN M T S L Cycloglypha polax Evans, 1953 iN M T S G Camptopleura Mabille, 1877 Camptopleura janthinus (Capronnier, 1874) iN M T S G Camptopleura oaxaca H. Freeman, 1969 Oaxacan Bent-Skipper SE Mexico (Oaxaca) iN M T Camptopleura auxo (Möschler, 1879) Auxo Bent-Skipper SE Mexico to S Brazil & Paraguay iN M T S1 S2 IL L I1 I2 G Camptopleura theramenes Mabille, 1877 Mabille's Bent-Skipper SE Mexico to Bolivia and Brazil iN M T S IL G Camptopleura cincta Mabille & Boullet, 1917 Bolivia; ref.13 M T Camptopleura termon (Hopffer, 1874) iN M T S G Camptopleura orsus (Mabille, 1889) [= impressus] Panama to Minas Gerais; ref.13 iN M T OI S L G Timochares Godman & Salvin, 1896 Timochares ruptifasciata (Plötz, 1884) Brown-banded Skipper SE AZ / SW NM, S TX to Chiapas and Belize iN M T S L1 L2 I1 I2 G Timochares runia Evans, 1953 Jamaican-banded Skipper Jamaica M T S Timochares trifasciata (Hewitson, 1868) Many-banded Skipper iN Timochares trifasciata trifasciata (Hewitson, 1868) E & W Mexico to S Brazil and Paraguay M T S1 S2 HS L G Timochares trifasciata sanda Evans, 1953 TL: Argentina M T S G Chiomara Godman & Salvin, 1899 Chiomara mithrax (Möschler, 1879) Mithrax Duskywing S AZ (rare stray) W & E Mexico to Argentina, Cuba iN M T S1 S2 IL L I G Chiomara gundlachi (Skinner & Ramsden, 1924) TL: Cuba M T Crenda crenda (Evans, 1953) Brazil; ref.5 M T S HS G Neomorphuncus Burns, 2019 Neomorphuncus eugramma (Mabille, 1888) Chiriqui Skipper Costa Rica and Panama iN M T OI S1 S2 I Ephyriades Hübner, [1819] Ephyriades brunnea (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) 'Cuban' Florida Duskywing iN Ephyriades brunnea floridensis E. Bell & W. Comstock, 1948 S Florida M T S L I Ephyriades brunnea brunnea (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Cuba, Isla de Juventud, Bahamas M T S L Ephyriades jamaicensis (Möschler, 1879) 'Jamaican' Florida Duskywing Jamaica; ref.13 M T S Ephyriades zephodes (Hübner, [1825]) Zephodes Duskywing Cuba, Hispaniola iN M T OI S G Ephyriades arcas (Drury, 1773) Caribbean Duskywing iN Ephyriades arcas philemon (Fabricius, 1775) Greater Antilles M T S IL L Ephyriades arcas arcas (Drury, 1773) northern Leeward Islands M S Ephyriades dominicensis E. Bell & W. Comstock, 1948 'Lesser Antillean' Florida Duskywing Dominica and Guadeloupe; ref.7 M T S Gesta Evans, 1953 includes most species formerly in Erynnis; ref.10,127 Gesta telemachus (Burns, 1960) Rocky Mountain Duskywing E NV, UT, AZ, NM, CO, far S-C WY, W TX; ref.10 iN M T S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 I G Gesta juvenalis (Fabricius, 1793) Juvenal's Duskywing ref.10 iN Gesta juvenalis juvenalis (Fabricius, 1793) E USA, SE Canada, far NE Mexico (COAH) M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 F G Gesta juvenalis clitus (W. H. Edwards, 1883) SE AZ, SW NM, W TX, E & W Mexico to Chiapas M T S L I G Gesta propertius (Scudder & Burgess, 1870) Propertius Duskywing Cascades-Sierra Nevada, westward, S BC to N Baja; ref.10 iN M S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 Ha G Gesta meridianus (E. Bell, 1927) Meridian Duskywing ref.10 iN Gesta meridianus meridianus (E. Bell, 1927) S NV, SW UT, AZ, NM, C & W TX, far N Mexico M T S L I G Gesta meridianus fieldi (Burns, 1964) C Mexico M T S Ha Gesta horatius (Scudder & Burgess, 1870) Horace's Duskywing (far SE UT, far NE AZ), CO, NM, E USA, NE MX (Tam); ref.10 iN M S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 I G Gesta tristis (Boisduval, 1852) Mournful Duskywing ref.10 iN Gesta tristis pattersoni (Burns, 1964) Baja California Sur M T S L Gesta tristis tristis (Boisduval, 1852) CA and Baja California Norte M T S L Ha G Gesta tristis tatius (W. H. Edwards, 1883) AZ, S NM, W & S TX to Colombia M T S1 S2 IL L1 L2 I Ha G Gesta zarucco (Lucas, 1857) Zarucco Duskywing SE USA (OK-NC-FL), Cuba, Hispaniola; ref.10 iN M S L1 L2 G Gesta funeralis (Scudder & Burgess, 1870) Funereal Duskywing S CA, S AZ, S NM, TX S to Argentina; strays widely; ref.10 iN M T S IL L1 L2 L3 L4 I Ha G Gesta baptisiae (W. Forbes, 1936) Wild Indigo Duskywing E USA (far S Ontario) to N FL; ref.10 iN M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 I H Gesta lucilius (Scudder & Burgess, 1870) Columbine Duskywing NE USA, SE Canada; ref.10 iN M S G Gesta afranius (Lintner, 1878) Afranius Duskywing SE ALTA, S SASK to N Mexico; ref.10 iN Gesta afranius BCN segregate (, ) SW CA and Baja California (norte) M S Gesta afranius afranius (Lintner, 1878) TL: USA (Co) M T S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 L4 I F G Gesta afranius SE Mexican segregate (, ) SE Mexico (Puebla and Mexico States) M S Gesta persius (Scudder, 1863) Persius Duskywing ref.10 iN Gesta persius persius (Scudder, 1863) NE USA M S L G Gesta persius borealis (M. Cary, 1906) most of W Canada, possibly S along Cascades (& W) to N CA M T S L Gesta persius avinoffi (W. Holland, 1930) YT, Alaska M T S Gesta persius fredericki (H. Freeman, 1943) Rocky Mountain region, USA, possibly S SASK, S ALTA M T1 T2 T3 T4 S L1 L2 I1 I2 Ha Gesta scudderi (Skinner, 1914) Scudder’s Duskywing SE AZ, SW NM, W TX to Guatemala; ref.10 iN M T S L Ha G Gesta pacuvius (Lintner, 1878) Pacuvius Duskywing ref.10 iN Gesta pacuvius pacuvius (Lintner, 1878) S UT, S CO, AZ, NM to Oaxaca M S L I G Gesta pacuvius lilius (Dyar, 1904) NW CO, N UT, W WY, MT, ID, BC, WA, OR, W NV, N & E CA M T S L I H Gesta pacuvius pernigra (F. Grinnell, 1905) San Francisco Bay area, C CA M T S Gesta pacuvius callidus (F. Grinnell, 1904) S CA coast ranges to Baja California (norte) M T S L H Ha Gesta martialis (Scudder, [1870]) Mottled Duskywing MN to NH, S to N FL, W to C TX, CO, N NM W NE, W SD; ref.10 iN M S1 S2 L H G Gesta invisus (A. Butler & H. Druce, 1872) False Duskywing C & S TX to Costa Rica iN M T S L I G Gesta gesta (Herrich-Schäffer, 1863) Impostor Duskywing Greater Antilles, Costa Rica to Argentina iN M T S1 S2 IL L I G Gesta inga Evans, 1953 iN M T Gesta austerus (Schaus, 1902) iN M T S IL G Gesta heteropterus (Plötz, 1884) iN M S Erynnis Schrank, 1801 Erynnis icelus (Scudder & Burgess, 1870) Dreamy Duskywing widespread in USA and Canada iN M S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 I Ha G Erynnis lacustra (W. G. Wright, 1905) 'Lacustra' Sleepy Duskywing Baja California Norte, S & C CA M T S L Ha G Erynnis burgessi (Skinner, 1914) 'Rocky Mountain' Sleepy Duskywing S Rocky Mountain states, W TX, far SE CA, USA, far NW Mexico Erynnis burgessi burgessi (Skinner, 1914) S Rocky Mountain states, W TX, far SE CA, USA, far NW Mexico M T S1 S2 L I Ha G Erynnis burgessi muelleri (Draudt, 1923) C & W Mexico M T S L Ha G Erynnis brizo (Boisduval & Le Conte, [1837]) Sleepy Duskywing SE Canada, E USA, possibly far NE Mexico iN M S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 L4 F Ha G Erynnis somnus (Lintner, 1881) 'Florida' Sleepy Duskywing Peninsular Florida M T S L Erynnis mercurius (Dyar, 1926) Mexican Duskywing S-C Mexico (MEX, DF) M T S Subfamily Tagiadinae Tribe Celaenorrhinini Celaenorrhinus Hübner, [1819] Celaenorrhinus aegiochus (Hewitson, 1876) Flashing Flat Costa Rica and Panama iN M T S L G Celaenorrhinus savia (Evans, 1952) TL: Peru M T S IL Celaenorrhinus orneates Austin, 1996 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T OI S Celaenorrhinus monartus (Plötz, 1884) Dotted Flat S Mexico to N Brazil iN M T S IL L G Celaenorrhinus astrigera (A. Butler, 1877) iN M T S Celaenorrhinus fritzgaertneri (Bailey, 1880) Fritzgaertner’s Flat SE AZ & S TX (as strays) to Costa Rica iN M T S1 S2 IL L I G Celaenorrhinus stallingsi H. Freeman, 1946 Stallings’ Flat S Texas (rare stray), E Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S L I Ha Celaenorrhinus shema (Hewitson, 1877) iN Celaenorrhinus shema shema (Hewitson, 1877) TL: French Guiana M T S IL Celaenorrhinus shema ochra Evans, 1952 TL: Brazil (Am) M T S Celaenorrhinus shema vox Evans, 1952 TL: Peru M T S Celaenorrhinus shema mercedensis O. Mielke, 1992 TL: Peru M T OI Celaenorrhinus par Steinhauser & Austin, 1996 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T OI Celaenorrhinus disjunctus E. Bell, 1940 TL: Peru M T S Celaenorrhinus vagra Evans, 1952 TL: Peru M T Celaenorrhinus stola Evans, 1952 Stola Flat E & W Mexico to Nicaragua iN M T S L Celaenorrhinus approximatus R. Williams & E. Bell, 1940 Approximate Flat Costa Rica and Panama iN M T S L I G Celaenorrhinus bifurcus E. Bell, 1934 Bifurcate Flat Costa Rica to Guianas, Trinidad, Ecuador iN M T S L Celaenorrhinus similis Hayward, 1933 iN M S IL G Celaenorrhinus eligius (Stoll, 1781) Eligius Flat iN Celaenorrhinus eligius eligius (Stoll, 1781) Costa Rica to Guianas, Trinidad, Tobago, to Peru M T S IL I G Celaenorrhinus eligius punctiger (Burmeister, 1878) TL: Argentina; Brazil (RJ) M T S IL G Celaenorrhinus songoensis Draudt, 1922 iN Celaenorrhinus songoensis saroma Evans, 1952 TL: Colombia M T S Celaenorrhinus songoensis tonio Evans, 1952 TL: Colombia M T Celaenorrhinus songoensis songoensis Draudt, 1922 TL: Bolivia M T OI S L G Celaenorrhinus cynapes (Hewitson, 1870) Small Flat iN Celaenorrhinus cynapes darius Evans, 1952 TL: Ecuador M T S Celaenorrhinus cynapes cynapes (Hewitson, 1870) SE Mexico to Ecuador M T G Celaenorrhinus tritonae (Weeks, 1901) TL: Bolivia M TI S Celaenorrhinus anchialus (Mabille, 1878) TL: Brazil M T S IL Celaenorrhinus jao (Mabille, 1889) iN M T OI S Celaenorrhinus autochton Steinhauser & Austin, 1996 iN M T S Celaenorrhinus suthina (Hewitson, 1877) iN M T OI S L Celaenorrhinus syllius (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862) iN M T S1 S2 S3 L Subfamily Heteropterinae Tribe Heteropterini Carterocephalus Lederer, 1853 Carterocephalus mandan (W. H. Edwards, 1863) Arctic Skipperling SE SASK through Great Lakes region; ref.11 iN Carterocephalus mandan mesapano (Scudder, 1868) New England, NE Canadian Provinces M S L G Carterocephalus mandan mandan (W. H. Edwards, 1863) SE SASK through Great Lakes region M S L Carterocephalus skada (W. H. Edwards, 1870) Arctic Skipperling Alaska to N CA; ref.11 iN Carterocephalus skada S Rocky Mountain segregate , NW WY to ALTA M S L Ha Carterocephalus skada skada (W. H. Edwards, 1870) Alaska to N CA M T S L1 L2 Ha Carterocephalus skada magnus Mattoon & Tilden, 1998 coastal Sonoma Co., CA M T S Dalla Mabille, 1904 Dalla calaon (Hewitson, 1877) Calaon Skipperling Ecuador M T Dalla thalia Evans, 1955 Thalia Skipperling Ecuador M T G Dalla orsines (Hewitson, 1877) Orsines Skipperling Venezuela, Bolivia M T S G Dalla grovius (Mabille, 1898) Grovius Skipperling iN Dalla grovius grovius (Mabille, 1898) Ecuador (Loja), Peru M T S Dalla grovius amba Evans, 1955 Ecuador (Ambato) M S Dalla grovius floxa Evans, 1955 Peru (Amazonas, Chachapoyas) M S Dalla riza (Mabille, 1889) Riza Skipperling Peru, Bolivia M T S Dalla agathocles (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Agathocles Skipperling iN Dalla agathocles polydesma (Mabille, 1889) Venezuela M T S Dalla agathocles agathocles (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Colombia (Bogota) M S Dalla agathocles lanna Evans, 1955 Colombia (Cauca), Ecuador, Peru M S Dalla agathocles lonia Evans, 1955 Peru (Huancabamba) M S Dalla lenda Evans, 1955 Lenda Skipperling Ecuador (Zamora, Loja) M S Dalla lorda Evans, 1955 Lorda Skipperling Ecuador (Zamora, Loja) M T Dalla costala Evans, 1955 Costala Skipperling iN Dalla costala ascha Evans, 1955 Peru (Huancabamba, Pozuzo, La Merced) M S Dalla costala zona Evans, 1955 Peru (Amazonas, Chachapoyas) M S Dalla costala costala Evans, 1955 Peru, Bolivia M S Dalla huanca Evans, 1955 Huancabamba Skipperling Peru (Huancabamba) M S Dalla sepia Evans, 1955 Falcate Skipperling Peru M S Dalla hesperioides (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Hesperioides Skipperling iN Dalla hesperioides hesperioides (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Colombia M T S Dalla hesperioides hister Evans, 1955 Peru (Limbani) M T S Dalla polycrates (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Polycrates Skipperling iN Dalla polycrates polycrates (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Colombia M T Dalla polycrates ambala Evans, 1955 Ecuador, Peru (Huancabamba) M S Dalla polycrates lania Evans, 1955 SE Peru (Aqualani), Bolivia M S Dalla superior Draudt, 1923 Superior Skipperling Colombia, Ecuador iN M T S G Dalla epiphaneus (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Epiphaneus Skipperling iN Dalla epiphaneus epiphaneus (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Colombia M T S Dalla epiphaneus gaujoni (Mabille, 1898) S Ecuador, Peru M T S Dalla epiphaneus poya Evans, 1955 Peru (Amazonas) M S Dalla epiphaneus anca Evans, 1955 Peru (Huancabamba) M S Dalla epiphaneus limba Evans, 1955 Peru M S Dalla epiphaneus junga Evans, 1955 Bolivia M T Dalla cola E. Bell, 1959 Cola Skipperling Colombia M T Dalla frontinia Evans, 1955 Frontinia Skipperling TL: Colombia Dalla frontinia venda Evans, 1955 Venezuela, [Peru ?] M T S Dalla frontinia frontinia Evans, 1955 Colombia, Ecuador M S Dalla frontinia vanca Evans, 1955 Peru M S Dalla taza Evans, 1955 Taza Skipperling Colombia, Ecuador M T S Dalla pota E. Bell, 1959 Pota Skipperling Ecuador M T Dalla bubobon (Dyar, 1921) Bubobon Skipperling S-C Mexico (COL, MICH, GRO) iN M T S Dalla freemani A. Warren, 1997 Freeman's Skipperling Guatemala; ref.100 M T G Dalla austini A. Warren & R. G. Maza, 2011 Austin's Skipperling S Mexico (Chiapas); ref.99 M T Dalla amatlanensis A. Warren, Gott & Legal, 2020 ref.25 Dalla steinhauseri H. Freeman, 1991 Steinhauser's Skipperling E Oaxaca iN M T L Dalla pulchra (Godman, 1900) Costa Rican Skipperling Costa Rica iN M T S L Dalla nubes Steinhauser, 1991 Chiapan Skipperling S Mexico (OAX & CHIS) M T S L Dalla ligilla (Hewitson, 1877) Ligilla Skipperling W (JAL) & S Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S L Dalla dividuum (Dyar, 1913) Dyar's Skipperling W Mexico (SON to CHIS) iN M T S L Ha Dalla dimidiatus (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Dimidiatus Skipperling iN Dalla dimidiatus dimidiatus (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador M T S Dalla dimidiatus lilla Evans, 1955 S Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M S Dalla dimidiatus pucer Evans, 1955 Peru (Huancabamba) M S Dalla cocha Evans, 1955 Cochabamba Skipperling Peru, Bolivia iN M S L Dalla miser Evans, 1955 Miser Skipperling Colombia, Peru iN M S L Dalla caicus (Hewitson, 1868) Caicus Skipperling iN Dalla caicus caicus (Hewitson, 1868) Venezuela M T S Dalla caicus inca Draudt, 1923 Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M T S L G Dalla hilina (A. Butler, 1870) Hilina Skipperling Colombia, Venezuela M T Dalla dognini (Mabille, 1889) Dognin's Skipperling Ecuador iN M T S L Dalla scylla (Mabille, 1898) Scylla Skipperling Peru, Bolivia, N Argentina iN M T S1 S2 Dalla genes (Mabille, 1898) Genes Skipperling iN Dalla genes saleca (Mabille, 1898) Colombia M T S Dalla genes genes (Mabille, 1898) S Ecuador M T S Dalla genes golia Evans, 1955 N Peru M T S Dalla genes nona Evans, 1955 S Peru, Bolivia M T S Dalla cyprius (Mabille, 1898) Cyprius Skipperling iN Dalla cyprius quinka Evans, 1955 Peru M S Dalla cyprius cyprius (Mabille, 1898) Bolivia M T S Dalla vinca Evans, 1955 Vinca Skipperling TL: Peru M T S Dalla cypselus (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Cypselus Skipperling iN Dalla cypselus cypselus (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Venezuela, Colombia M T S Dalla cypselus evages (Hewitson, 1877) Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M T S Dalla dora E. Bell, 1947 Dora Skipperling Ecuador iN M T S Dalla spica Hayward, 1939 Spica Skipperling iN Dalla spica livia Evans, 1955 Peru, Bolivia M T S Dalla spica spica Hayward, 1939 Argentina M S Dalla quasca E. Bell, 1947 Quasca Skipperling iN Dalla quasca quasca E. Bell, 1947 Venezuela, Colombia M T S Dalla quasca equatoria E. Bell, 1947 Ecuador M T S Dalla pincha Steinhauser, 1991 Pinche Skipperling Ecuador M T S Dalla gelus (Mabille, 1898) Gelus Skipperling Ecuador iN M T S HS Dalla cupavia (Mabille, 1898) Cupavia Skipperling iN Dalla cupavia elka Evans, 1955 N & C Peru M S Dalla cupavia cupavia (Mabille, 1898) S Peru, Bolivia M T S Dalla frater (Mabille, 1878) Frater Skipperling Panama to Bolivia iN M T S1 S2 L Dalla mesoxantha (Plötz, 1884) Mesoxantha Skipperling Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia iN M T S Dalla wardi Steinhauser, 2002 Ward's Skipperling Colombia (Magdalena, 8 km E San Pedro, 2550m) M T OD S G Dalla merida Evans, 1955 Merida Skipperling Venezuela, Colombia M T S Dalla xantha Steinhauser, 1991 Xantha Skipperling Colombia iN M T L Dalla geon (Mabille, 1898) Geon Skipperling Ecuador M T S Dalla octomaculata (Godman, 1900) Eight-spotted Skipperling Costa Rica M S Dalla oxaites (Hewitson, 1877) Oxaites Skipperling Peru, Bolivia iN M T S Dalla eryonas (Hewitson, 1877) Central American Skipperling Costa Rica to Colombia iN M T S L Dalla mentor Evans, 1955 Guerrero Skipperling SW Mexico (Guerrero & Oaxaca) M S Dalla kemneri Steinhauser, 1991 Pelon Skipperling SE Mexico (Oaxaca & Puebla) iN M T S L Dalla lalage (Godman, 1900) Godman’s Skipperling SW Mexico (CHIS, GRO, OAX) iN M S L Dalla lethaea (Schaus, 1913) Schaus' Skipperling S Mexico (CHIS, GRO, OAX, PUE) to Costa Rica iN M T OI S L Dalla faula (Godman, 1900) West-Mexican Skipperling W Mexico (SON to MICH & PUE) iN M S L Dalla lysis (Schaus, 1913) Lysis Skipperling Costa Rica M OI Dalla diraspes (Hewitson, 1877) Widespread Skipperling Costa Rica to S Brazil iN M T S L Dalla ramirezi H. Freeman, 1969 Gold-rayed Skipperling S Mexico (OAX, PUE, VER) to Guatemala iN M T S L Ha Dalla jelskyi (Erschoff, 1875) Jelsky's Skipperling iN Dalla jelskyi jelskyi (Erschoff, 1875) Peru M S Dalla jelskyi aurosa J. Zikán, 1938 S Brazil M S Dalla xicca (Dyar, 1913) Xicca Skipperling TL: Peru Dalla xicca xicca (Dyar, 1913) Peru M T S Dalla xicca paza Evans, 1955 Bolivia M T S Dalla semiargentea (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Half-silvered Skipperling Colombia (Cordillera Oriental) M T S Dalla superargentea Viloria, A. Warren & Austin, 2008 Silvered Skipperling Serrania de Valledupar, Sierra de Perija, Colombia-Venezuela; ref.101 M T Ladda pedro (Steinhauser, 2002) Pedro Skipperling Colombia (Magdalena, 8 km E San Pedro, 2550m) iN M T OD G Ladda connexa (Draudt, 1923) Connexa Skipperling Colombia, Ecuador, Peru iN M T S G Txt Ladda disconnexa (Steinhauser, 2002) Disconnexa Skipperling Ecuador iN M T OD G Ladda vista (Steinhauser, 2002) Vista Skipperling Ecuador M T OD S G Ladda ticidas (Mabille, 1898) Ticidas Skipperling Peru, Bolivia iN M T S Ladda caenides (Hewitson, 1868) Caenides Skipperling Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador iN M T S Ladda bos (Steinhauser, 1991) Bos Skipperling Colombia (Cauca) M T Ladda pura (Steinhauser, 1991) Pura Skipperling Colombia (Cauca) M T Ladda mora (Evans, 1955) Mora Skipperling Ecuador, N Peru iN M T S G Ladda carnis (Evans, 1955) Carnis Skipperling iN Ladda carnis sondra (Evans, 1955) Peru M T S Ladda carnis carnis (Evans, 1955) S Peru, Bolivia M S Ladda monospila (Mabille, 1898) iN M T S Ladda simplicis (Steinhauser, 1991) Simple Skipperling Colombia M T S Ladda seirocastnia (Draudt, 1923) Seirocastnia Skipperling Colombia, Ecuador M T S G Ladda celsus (Steinhauser, 2002) Celsus Skipperling Ecuador (Chimborazo) M T OD G Ladda pantha (Evans, 1955) Pantha Skipperling N Peru (Huancabamba) M T Ladda puracensis (Steinhauser, 1991) Purace Skipperling TL: Colombia Ladda puracensis puracensis (Steinhauser, 1991) Colombia M T S Ladda puracensis cotopa (Steinhauser, 1991) Ecuador M T Ladda puracensis quindio (Steinhauser, 1991) Colombia M T Ladda ochrolimbata (Draudt, 1923) Ochro Skipperling Peru M T G Ladda tona (Evans, 1955) Tona Skipperling Peru (Huancabamba) M T Ladda decca (Evans, 1955) Decca Skipperling iN Ladda decca decca (Evans, 1955) Colombia, Ecuador M S Ladda decca doppa (Evans, 1955) Peru M S Ladda eburones (Hewitson, 1877) Eburones Skipperling ref.5 iN Ladda eburones inornata (E. Bell, 1937) Colombia, Ecuador M T S Ladda eburones ena (Evans, 1955) Peru (Amazonas, Chachapoyas) M T S Ladda eburones eburones (Hewitson, 1877) SE Peru, Bolivia M T S Ladda morva (Mabille, 1898) Morva Skipperling Peru, Bolivia M T S Ladda ibhara (A. Butler, 1870) Ibhara Skipperling Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia iN M T S Ladda plancus (Hopffer, 1874) Plancus Skipperling Peru, Bolivia iN M T S L Ladda crithote (Hewitson, 1874) Crithoe Skipperling Colombia, Ecuador iN M T S Ladda calima (Steinhauser, 1991) Calima Skipperling Colombia (Valle del Cauca) iN M T Ladda rosea (Evans, 1955) Rosy Skipperling Colombia M T S Ladda granites (Mabille, 1898) Granites Skipperling TL: Ecuador Ladda granites granites (Mabille, 1898) Ecuador M T Ladda granites privata (Draudt, 1923) Bolivia M OI S Ladda parma (Evans, 1955) Parma Skipperling Ecuador M T S G Ladda mars (Evans, 1955) Mars Skipperling Colombia M T Ladda cuadrada (Weeks, 1901) Bolivian Skipperling Bolivia iN M T OD TI Txt Ladda quadristriga (Mabille, 1889) Quadristriga Skipperling iN Ladda quadristriga quadristriga (Mabille, 1889) Colombia, Ecuador M T S G Ladda quadristriga regia (Evans, 1955) Peru (Amazonas, Chachapoyas) M T Ladda quadristriga rota (Evans, 1995) SE Peru M T S Ladda quadristriga rusa (Evans, 1955) Bolivia M T S Ladda rubia (Evans, 1955) Rubia Skipperling Peru (Huancabamba) M T Freemaniana A. Warren, 2001 Freemaniana rawlinsi (A. Warren, 2001) Rawlins' Skipperling Ecuador (Zamora); ref.102,103 M S Dardarina Evans, 1937 Dardarina dardaris (Hewitson, 1877) Dardaris Skipperling NW Mexico (SON) to Costa Rica iN M T S L I Ha Dardarina amadryas Hayward, 1942 Amadryas Skipperling Brazil iN M S Dardarina tessellatus (Hayward, 1934) Argentine Skipperling Argentina iN M S Dardarina salta Hayward, 1937 Salta Skipperling Argentina iN M S Dardarina daridaeus (Godman, 1900) Daridaeus Skipperling S Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina iN M T S Dardarina rana Evans, 1955 Rana Skipperling S Brazil (Pr) iN M S Dardarina castra Evans, 1955 Castra Skipperling S Brazil (Pr) M S Dardarina umuarama O. Mielke, 1978 Umuarama Skipperling S Brazil (SP) iN M T Dardarina jonesi Evans, 1955 Jones' Skipperling S Brazil (Pr) M S Dardarina angeloi O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2005 Angelo's Skipperling SE & S Brazil (SP) Dardarina angeloi angeloi O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2005 SE Brazil (SP) M T Dardarina angeloi machadoi O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2005 S Brazil (SC) M T Dardarina gaucha O. Mielke, 1980 Gaucha Skipperling S Brazil (RS) iN M T Dardarina para O. Mielke, 1968 Mielke's Skipperling S Brazil (MG) M T Dardarina aspila O. Mielke, 1966 Aspila Skipperling S Brazil (Pr) iN M T S Piruna Evans, 1955 Piruna pirus (W. H. Edwards, 1878) Russet Skipperling SE ID, W & S WY, CO, UT, AZ, NM, (W TX?) iN M T S L I Ha G Piruna cyclosticta (Dyar, 1920) Plateau Skipperling Mexican Plateau to DF and MOR iN M T S Piruna haferniki H. Freeman, 1970 Chisos Skipperling W TX to Hidalgo iN M T S L I Ha Piruna kemneri H. Freeman, 1990 Kemner's Skipperling S Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla) iN M T L Piruna dampfi (E. Bell, 1942) Violet-dusted Skipperling SW & Transvolcanic Mexico (GRO, MICH, MEX, VER) iN M T S Piruna gyrans (Plötz, 1884) Variable Skipperling W, C & S Mexico to Oaxaca iN M T OI S L Piruna ceracates (Hewitson, 1874) Veracruz Skipperling S Mexico (Veracruz & Oaxaca) iN M S L Piruna bailowitzi A. Warren & Gott, 2021 ref.27 iN Piruna roeveri (L. Miller & J. Miller, 1972) Roever's Skipperling E & S Mexico (Coahuila to Oaxaca) iN M T1 T2 S L Ha Piruna temascaltepeca A. Warren & Gott, 2021 ref.27 Piruna brunnea (Scudder, 1872) Chocolate Skipperling E and S Mexico to Costa Rica iN M S L Piruna purepecha A. Warren & L. González, 1999 Purepecha Skipperling SW Mexico (COL, GRO, JAL, MICH, MOR) iN M T1 T2 S L Piruna mullinsi H. Freeman, 1991 Mullins' Skipperling S Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla) iN M T S L Ha Piruna sina H. Freeman, 1970 Fine-spotted Skipperling NW Mexico (DGO, SIN, SON) iN M T S L Piruna uruapana A. Warren & Gott, 2021 ref.27 Piruna chinicuila A. Warren & Gott, 2021 ref.27 Piruna microsticta (Godman, 1900) Southwest-Mexican Skipperling [= ajijiciensis], SW Mexico (JAL to CHIS) iN M T S L Ha Piruna penaea (Dyar, 1918) Hour-glass Skipperling W Mexico to Oaxaca iN Piruna penaea penaea (Dyar, 1918) TL: Mexico (Gue) M T S L Ha Piruna penaea E Mexican segregate , S TX (one-time stray), E Mexico to Chiapas M S L Piruna aea (Dyar, 1912) Many-spotted Skipperling iN Piruna aea aea (Dyar, 1912) C & S Mexico to Guatemala M T S L Ha Piruna aea mexicana H. Freeman, 1979 [= cingo], NW Mexico to SE AZ M T S L I Piruna millerorum Steinhauser, 1991 Millers' Skipperling NW Mexico (DGO, SIN, SON, CHIH) M T S L Piruna maculata H. Freeman, 1970 Sinaloan Skipperling NW Mexico (Durango & Sinaloa) M T S Piruna polingii (W. Barnes, 1900) Four-spotted Skipperling C AZ, S NM to Guerrero and Puebla iN M T S L1 L2 I Ha G Piruna jonka Steinhauser, 1991 Oaxacan Skipperling S Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla) iN M T S L Tribe Butleriini Butleria W. F. Kirby, 1871 Butleria paniscoides (Blanchard, 1852) Paniscoides Skipperling iN Butleria paniscoides polyspilus (C. Felder, 1862) Chile, Argentina (Neuquen, Rio Negro) M T S Butleria paniscoides paniscoides (Blanchard, 1852) Chile (widespread) M T S Butleria elwesi Evans, 1939 Elwes' Skipperling Chile, Argentina (Neuquen, Rio Negro, Chubut) iN M T S Butleria flavomaculatus (Blanchard, 1852) Blanchard's Skipperling iN Butleria flavomaculatus flavomaculatus (Blanchard, 1852) Chile (widespread) M S Butleria flavomaculatus tristriata Bryk, 1944 Chile (Valdivia, Osorno, Llanquihue) M T Butleria flavomaculatus valdivianus (Philippi, 1859) Chile (Chiloe, Coyhaique) M S Butleria quilla Evans, 1939 Quilla Skipperling Chile (widespread), Argentina (Neuquen, Rio Negro) iN M T S Butleria sotoi Reed, 1877 Soto's Skipperling Chile (Valparaiso, Cachapoal, Curico, Cauquenes, Linares, Nuble, Concepcion) M T S Butleria philippii (A. Butler, 1881) Philipp's Skipperling Chile (Nuble, Concepcion, Arauco, Araucania, Valdivia, Osorno) iN M T Butleria fruticolens (A. Butler, 1881) Butler's Skipperling Chile, Argentina (Neuquen, Rio Negro) iN M T S HS Butleria bissexguttatus (Philippi, 1859) Herrera's Skipperling Chile (widespread), Argentina (Neuquen, Rio Negro) iN M S Argopteron E. Watson, 1893 Argopteron aureipennis (Blanchard, 1852) Gold-plated Skipperling Chile, Argentina iN M T S IL L Argopteron aureum L. Peña, 1968 Gold-washed Skipperling Chile M Ma Argopteron puelmae (Calvert, 1888) Gold-winged Skipperling Chile iN M S Subfamily Hesperiinae Tribe Erionotini Erionota Mabille, 1878 Erionota thrax (Linnaeus, 1767) Banana Skipper iN Erionota thrax thrax (Linnaeus, 1767) Introduced to Hawaii M S IL Tribe Hesperiini, Subtribe Hesperiina Euphyes Scudder, 1872 Euphyes vestris (Boisduval, 1852) Dun Skipper iN Euphyes vestris harbisoni J. Brown & McGuire, 1983 S CA; ref.13 M T1 T2 T3 S L Euphyes vestris vestris (Boisduval, 1852) N CA to BC, ID; ref.13 M T S HS L I Ha G Euphyes vestris osceola (Lintner, 1878) ref.146 M S Euphyes vestris metacomet (T. Harris, 1862) E USA, SE Canada, NE Mexico; univoltine to multivoltine; ref.13 M S L1 L2 L3 L4 I Euphyes kiowah (Reakirt, 1866) Dun Skipper SE WY, CO, NM, AZ, far NW Mexico; univoltine; ref.13 Euphyes kiowah kiowah (Reakirt, 1866) SE WY, CO, NM, AZ, far NW Mexico; univoltine; ref.13 M T S L Euphyes kiowah chamuli H. Freeman, 1969 Chiapas & Guatemala; ref.13 iN M T S Euphyes bimacula (Grote & Robinson, 1867) Two-spotted Skipper iN Euphyes bimacula illinois (Dodge, 1872) IL, IA, S SD, NE, NW KS, NE CO M T S1 S2 Euphyes bimacula bimacula (Grote & Robinson, 1867) New England and ONT to VA M S L1 L2 Ha G Euphyes bimacula arbogasti Gatrelle, 1999 South Carolina (Berkeley Co.) M T1 T2 Euphyes arpa (Boisduval & Le Conte, [1837]) Palmetto Skipper FL, S GA, S AL, S MS iN M T S L G Euphyes pilatka (W. H. Edwards, 1867) Palatka Skipper iN Euphyes pilatka pilatka (W. H. Edwards, 1867) VA to FL, W to MS M T S L I Ha G Euphyes pilatka klotsi L. Miller, Harvey & J. Miller, 1985 lower Florida Keys M T1 T2 S I Euphyes berryi (E. Bell, 1941) Berry's Skipper FL, GA, coastal SC, NC iN M T S L Ha G Euphyes conspicua (W. H. Edwards, 1863) Black Dash iN Euphyes conspicua orono (Scudder, 1872) New England M S L Euphyes conspicua conspicua (W. H. Edwards, 1863) upper midwest USA (OH, MI, IN, IL, WI) M S L G Euphyes conspicua buchholzi (P. Ehrlich & Gillham, 1951) NE, OK, IA M T1 T2 S Euphyes dion (W. H. Edwards, 1879) Dion Skipper ONT & NY to FL, W to E TX, OK, KS, NE, SD & ND iN M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 G Euphyes bayensis Shuey, 1989 Bay Skipper S MS, S LA, SE TX iN M T S L Euphyes dukesi (Lindsey, 1923) Dukes' Skipper iN Euphyes dukesi dukesi (Lindsey, 1923) AR, SE TX to AL, NC, VA, OH, MI M T S L1 L2 G Euphyes dukesi calhouni Shuey, 1996 Peninsular Florida M T S L Ha Euphyes cherra Evans, 1955 Cherra Skipper Venezuela, Bolivia, S Brazil M T S Euphyes subferrugineus (Hayward, 1934) Subferrugineus Skipper TL: Argentina Euphyes subferrugineus subferrugineus (Hayward, 1934) S Brazil & N Argentina Euphyes subferrugineus biezankoi O. Mielke, 1972 S Brazil (MG to SC) M T S Euphyes antra Evans, 1955 Antra Skipper SE Mexico (OAX) to Peru iN M T S L Euphyes ampa Evans, 1955 Ampa Skipper S Mexico to Honduras, Nicaragua M T S Euphyes canda Steinhauser & A. Warren, 2002 Candelaria Skipper W Mexico (Nay to Oax); ref.104 iN M T S L Euphyes leptosema (Mabille, 1891) Leptosema Skipper S Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina iN M T S Euphyes fumata O. Mielke, 1972 Fumata Skipper SE Brazil (Pr) iN M T Euphyes eberti O. Mielke, 1972 Ebert's Skipper S Brazil (MG) M T Euphyes peneia (Godman, 1900) Guardpost Skipper E & W Mexico to Ecuador, Peru & N Brazil, Trinidad iN M T S1 S2 Euphyes cornelius (Latreille, [1824]) Cornelius Skipper iN Euphyes cornelius agra Evans, 1955 Bahamas M S L Euphyes cornelius cornelius (Latreille, [1824]) Cuba M T S Euphyes singularis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Singularis Skipper iN Euphyes singularis singularis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Cuba M S Euphyes singularis insolata (A. Butler, 1878) Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico M T S HS Mnaseas Godman, 1901 [includes Arotis as its synonym]; ref.13 Mnaseas mapirica (E. Bell, 1930) Mapirica Skipper Bolivia, S Brazil; ref.13 M T S Mnaseas pandora (Lindsey, 1925) Pandora Skipper Peru, N Brazil; ref.13 M T S Mnaseas derasa (Herrich-Schäffer, 1870) Derasa Skipper iN Mnaseas derasa derasa (Herrich-Schäffer, 1870) [= infuscata] C to SE Brazil (Brasilia to SP, ES & RJ); ref.13 M T S Mnaseas derasa brunnea (O. Mielke, 1972) SE Brazil (Pr, SC) M T S Mnaseas derasa tuba (Evans, 1955) Amazonian Brazil (Para) M T Mnaseas bryna (Evans, 1955) Bryna Skipper Guyana, French Guiana, N & NE Brazil; ref.13 M T Mnaseas kayei (E. Bell, 1932) Kaye's Skipper Trinidad, Guianas, Venezuela, Brazil (Amapa to MG & ES); ref.13 M T S Mnaseas sirene (Mabille, 1904) Sirene Skipper SE Brazil; ref.13 iN M T S HS Mnaseas evansi (O. Mielke, 1972) Hidden Skipper French Guiana; ref.13 M T Mnaseas bias (Plötz, 1882) no specimen known, S. Amer. M TI Mnaseas bicolor (Mabille, 1889) Dull Skipper SE Mexico to Panama M T OI S Mnaseas macia Evans, 1955 Macia Skipper Nicaragua, Colombia, Ecuador M T S Mnaseas inca E. Bell, 1930 Bolivia; ref.13 M T S Serdis Mabille, 1904 Serdis statius (Plötz, 1883) Muted Serdis iN Serdis statius statius (Plötz, 1883) Venezuela M T S Serdis statius flagrans Mabille, 1904 Ecuador, N Brazil M T TI S Serdis statius dives Evans, 1955 Peru, Bolivia M S Serdis venezuelae (Westwood, 1852) Venezuelan Serdis iN Serdis venezuelae fractifascia (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Colombia Serdis venezuelae venezuelae (Westwood, 1852) Venezuela, Ecuador M T Serdis venezuelae fulla Evans, 1955 Colombia, Ecuador M S Serdis viridicans (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Green-washed Serdis iN Serdis viridicans viridicans (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Colombia M S Serdis viridicans kirschi (Weymer, 1890) Colombia, Ecuador (Zamora) M T Serdis viridicans lupus Evans, 1955 Venezuela Serdis viridicans pandra Evans, 1955 Colombia, Ecuador M S Serdis viridicans edith Evans, 1955 Peru (Amazonas) Serdis viridicans junia Evans, 1955 N Peru M S Pompe Grishin & Lamas, 2022 ref.16 Pompe postpuncta (Draudt, 1923) Bolivia, S Brazil (MT, Pr), Paraguay, Uruguay; ref.16 Cyclosma Draudt, 1923 Cyclosma glamis Evans, 1955 Glamis Skipper Peru iN M T Cyclosma altama (Schaus, 1902) Altama Skipper S Brazil, Paraguay iN M T S Cyclosma abdonides Draudt, 1923 Abdonides Skipper Peru, Bolivia iN M T S G Caligulana E. Bell, 1942 Caligulana caligula (Schaus, 1902) Caligula Skipper SE Brazil iN M T Chloeria Mabille, 1904 Chloeria psittacina (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) iN M S Tirynthoides E. Bell, 1940 Tirynthoides lotana (A. Butler, 1870) Lotana Skipper Surinam, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Brazil iN M T Tirynthoides virilis (N. Riley, 1929) Virilis Skipper E Ecuador, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina iN M T S L Testia mammaea (Hewitson, 1876) Mammaea Skipper SE Brazil; ref.13 M T S Testia potesta (E. Bell, 1941) Potesta Skipper Amazonian Peru, Brazil; ref.5 M T S Oxynthes Godman, 1900 [includes Oeonus as a subgenus]; ref.140 Oxynthes pyste (Godman, 1900) Veracruzan Skipper SE Mexico; ref.140 M T S Oxynthes edlichi (Plötz, 1886) Edlich's Skipper Brazil M S Oxynthes egma (Evans, 1955) Egma Skipper E Brazil (Espirito Santo); ref.140 M T Oxynthes trinka (Evans, 1955) Trinka Skipper Guyana, Brazil (Am); ref.13 iN M T Oxynthes martius (Mabille, 1889) E & S Mexico to Panama; ref.16 M T OI S L Oxynthes corusca (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Corusca Skipper S. Am. (to Bolivia & Brazil); ref.16 iN M T L Lindra Evans, 1955 Lindra simulius (H. Druce, 1876) Simulius Skipper Peru (Cuzco), Bolivia M S Lindra procax (Draudt, 1923) Procax Skipper Brazil (Mato Grosso), Bolivia M T G Lindra boliviana O. Mielke, 1993 Bolivian Skipper Bolivia iN M S Lindra vanewrighti O. Mielke, 1978 Vane-Wright's Skipper Peru (Cuzco) iN M T S Lindra brasus (O. Mielke, 1968) Brasus Skipper Belize, Panama, Brazil (DF) M T S Lindra neroides (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Neroides Skipper [not Decinea] S Brazil; ref.140 Lindra neroides neroides (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) [= ackeryi] S Brazil; ref.140 M T Lindra neroides huxleyi O. Mielke, 1978 Brazil (Pr); ref.140 M T Lindra olafmielkei A. Warren, Gott & Dolibaina, 2021 ref.28 Noxys viricuculla (Hayward, 1951) Viricuculla Skipper Peru & Bolivia; ref.13 iN M S Metrocles Godman, 1900 [includes Propertius, Hansa & Chalcone]; ref.13 Metrocles leucogaster Godman, 1900 Whitened Metron iN Metrocles leucogaster leucogaster Godman, 1900 Panama, Colombia; ref.13 M OI OD S Metrocles leucogaster ambrosei (Weeks, 1906) Venezuela Metrocles leucogaster leucomelas (Röber, 1925) Brazil (RS) M T Metrocles briquenydan (Weeks, 1901) Brick Skipper iN Metrocles briquenydan briquenydan (Weeks, 1901) Bolivia; ref.13 Metrocles briquenydan chalcone (Schaus, 1902) Brazil (RJ); ref.13 M T S Metrocles briquenydan australis (O. Mielke, 1980) Brazil (RS) M T Metrocles devergens (Draudt, 1923) Devergens Skipper iN Metrocles devergens devergens (Draudt, 1923) Colombia, Guyana; ref.13 M T G Metrocles devergens hydra (Evans, 1955) SE Brazil M S Metrocles cotundo (Nicolay, 1980) Cotundo Skipper Ecuador; ref.13 M T S Metrocles santarus (E. Bell, 1940) Santarus Skipper SE Brazil; ref.13 M T S Metrocles scitula (Hayward, 1951) Brazil; ref.13 Metrocles schrottkyi (Giacomelli, 1911) Argentina; ref.13 Metrocles nun Grishin, 2024 C Brazil (at least); ref.154 M T Metrocles argentea (Weeks, 1901) Weeks' Skipper Bolivia; ref.13 iN M T Metrocles zisa (Plötz, 1882) Zisa Skipper S Brazil, N Argentina; ref.13 M S Metrocles hyboma (Plötz, 1886) Hyboma Skipper S Brazil; ref.13 iN M S Metrocles propertius (Fabricius, 1793) Propertius Skipper Peru, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina; ref.13 iN M T Metrocles dejongi (Austin, 2008) de Jong's Skipper Brazil (Rd); ref.120,13 Metrocles phineus (Cramer, 1777) Phineus Skipper Guianas, Venezuela, Peru, Brazil (Rd); ref.13 M T Metron Godman, 1900 Metron voranus (Mabille, 1891) [= tania]; ref.13 M T Metron chrysogastra (A. Butler, 1870) Orange-headed Metron iN Metron chrysogastra chrysogastra (A. Butler, 1870) E & W Mexico to Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad M T S L Metron chrysogastra gades Evans, 1955 Peru, Bolivia M S Metron chrysogastra hypodesma (Plötz, 1882) Brazil (Amazonas, Espirito Santo) M T Metron noctis (Kaye, 1914) Kaye's Metron Trinidad, Ecuador, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina M T S Metron oropa (Hewitson, 1877) Hewitson's Metron S Brazil, Paraguay iN M T Metron hypochlora (Draudt, 1923) Peru; ref.13 Metron hypochlora tomba Evans, 1955 S Brazil (MT) Metron hypochlora hypochlora (Draudt, 1923) Peru; ref.13 M S Metron fasciata (Möschler, 1877) Suriname; ref.13 M T Metron zimra (Hewitson, 1877) Olive Metron S Mexico (Chia) to Argentina iN M S Phemiades Hübner, [1819] [= Libra]; ref.153 Phemiades aligula (Schaus, 1902) Aligula Skipper iN Phemiades aligula aligula (Schaus, 1902) S Brazil M T S Phemiades aligula decia (Hayward, 1948) SE Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina M S Phemiades anatolica (Plötz, 1883) Anatolian Skipper SE Brazil iN M T S Phemiades pseudophineus de Jong, 1983 Impostor Skipper S Brazil (MT) Phemiades rufescens Steinhauser & Austin, 1993 Rufous Skipper Chiapas, Mexico and Costa Rica M T S Phemiades pohli (E. Bell, 1932) Pohl's Skipper iN Phemiades pohli cidra Evans, 1955 Ecuador Phemiades pohli pohli (E. Bell, 1932) S Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina M T Phemiades vergens Evans, 1955 Vergens Skipper Peru (Cosnipata) M S Phemiades milvius (Mabille, 1904) Milvius Skipper TL: Brazil Phemiades milvius milor Evans, 1955 Peru M S Phemiades milvius milvius (Mabille, 1904) Guyana, Brazil Notamblyscirtes Scott, 2006 Notamblyscirtes simius (W. H. Edwards, 1881) Simius Skipper S SASK, E MT, E WY, W SD, W NE, E CO, N & W TX, NM, C AZ; ref.16 iN M T S1 S2 L G Notamblyscirtes durango Scott, 2017 Durango Skipper SE AZ, COAH, DGO; ref.16 M S L Holguinia Evans, 1955 Holguinia holguin Evans, 1955 Holguin Skipper Cuba M T S Onespa Steinhauser, 1974 Onespa nubis Steinhauser, 1974 Nubis Skipper S Mexico (OAX, CHIS) to El Salvador iN M T S L Onespa gala (Godman, 1900) Gala Skipper C Mexico (DF, GRO, MICH, VER) iN M S Ha Onespa brockorum Austin & A. Warren, 2009 Brocks’ Skipper NW Mexico (Son, Sin, possibly Dgo); ref.105 M T L Onespa nakamura Austin & A. Warren, 2009 Nakamura’s Skipper Costa Rica (San Jose Prov.: Bajo la Hondura); ref.105 M T Neposa Austin & A. Warren, 2009 Neposa heras (Godman, 1900) Heras Skipper SW Mexico (GRO, OAX) iN M T S Neposa hestia Austin & A. Warren, 2009 Hestia Skipper SE Mexico (VER); ref.105 iN M T Neposa armandoi Austin & A. Warren, 2009 Armando’s Skipper SW Mexico (OAX); ref.105 iN M T Neposa isabelae Austin & A. Warren, 2009 Isabel’s Skipper Guatemala; ref.105 M T Buzyges Godman, 1900 Buzyges idothea Godman, 1900 Idothea Skipper Costa Rica iN M T S L Buzyges rolla (Mabille, 1883) Rolla Skipper Costa Rica and Panama M T S L Buzyges benito (H. Freeman, 1979) Benito's Skipper SW Mexico (COL, GRO, JAL, OAX) iN M T S Buzella mellanaformis (Austin & A. Warren, 2009) Mellana-like Skipper Costa Rica; ref.105,5 M T Librita Evans, 1955 Librita librita (Plötz, 1886) Librita Skipper W & S Mexico to Guatemala iN M T S Ha Decinea Evans, 1955 Decinea huasteca (H. Freeman, 1969) Huasteca Skipper E Mexico iN M T S L Decinea colombiana Grishin, 2022 [= Evans' "derisor"]; ref.13 iN M T S Decinea denta Evans, 1955 Peru, Bolivia; ref.13 Decinea denta denta Evans, 1955 Peru, Bolivia; ref.13 M T Decinea denta pruda Evans, 1955 Paraguay M T Decinea antus (Mabille, 1895) SE Brazil; ref.13 M T S Decinea decinea (Hewitson, 1876) Decinea Skipper S Brazil iN M T S L Decinea lydora (Plötz, 1882) Colombia to Bolivia; ref.140 iN Decinea lydora lydora (Plötz, 1882) [= Evans' "neroides"] Colombia, Ecuador; ref.140 M S L Decinea lydora lyco (Mabille, 1878) Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M T S Decinea notata Grishin, 2023 Peru; ref.153 Decinea dama (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Dama Skipper Colombia iN M T S Decinea formosus (Hayward, 1940) Ecuador; ref.153 M T Decinea onasima (Hewitson, 1877) S Brazil, Argentina; ref.153 Decinea onasima boliviensis (E. Bell, 1930) Bolivia M T Decinea onasima onasima (Hewitson, 1877) TL: Brazil ([RJ]) M T Decinea zapota Evans, 1955 Zapota Skipper Guatemala iN M T S Decinea milesi (Weeks, 1901) Miles' Skipper Peru, Bolivia iN M S Tirynthia Godman, 1900 Tirynthia conflua (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Conflua Skipper E Mexico to Argentina iN M T S L Tirynthia conda Evans, 1955 Conda Skipper Ecuador, Bolivia iN M S Quasimellana Burns, 1994 Quasimellana mexicana (E. Bell, 1942) Mexican Mellana E & W Mexico, Guatemala, Belize iN M T S Quasimellana mulleri (E. Bell, 1942) Muller's Mellana NE & W Mexico M T S Quasimellana eulogius (Plötz, 1882) Common Mellana S TX, E & W Mexico to Venezuela, Guianas, Trinidad, Brazil iN M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 Ha Quasimellana agnesae (E. Bell, 1959) Coastal Mellana W Mexico (Nayarit to Guerrero); coastal M T S L Quasimellana balsa (E. Bell, 1942) Sullied Mellana W Mexico to El Salvador iN M T S L Quasimellana siblinga Burns, 1994 Sibling Mellana NW to S Mexico (SON, SIN, OAX) iN M T S Quasimellana aurora (E. Bell, 1942) Bright Mellana W Mexico to El Salvador iN M T S Quasimellana nayana (E. Bell, 1941) Nayarit Mellana W Mexico to Costa Rica, Venezuela iN M T S Quasimellana noka (Evans, 1955) Noka Mellana distribution unknown Quasimellana pazina (Evans, 1955) Pazina Mellana Bolivia Quasimellana antipazina Burns, 1994 Costa Rican Mellana Costa Rica M T S Quasimellana sista (Evans, 1955) Sista Mellana Venezuela Quasimellana andersoni Burns, 1994 Anderson's Mellana E Mexico to Costa Rica M T Quasimellana sethos (Mabille, 1889) Small Mellana [Nicaragua], Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, [Venezuela] M T OI S Quasimellana myron (Godman, 1900) Greenish Mellana E & W Mexico to Panama M T S Quasimellana servilius (Möschler, 1883) Green Mellana [= verba], E & S Mexico to Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Brazil iN M T S Quasimellana inconspicua (Hayward, 1951) Inconspicuous Mellana Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia iN M S Quasimellana angra (Evans, 1955) Angry Mellana French Guiana, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, N & C Brazil iN M S Quasimellana amicus (E. Bell, 1942) Amicus Mellana Ecuador M T S Quasimellana fieldi (E. Bell, 1942) Field's Mellana E Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S Quasimellana imperfida Burns, 1994 Imperfida Mellana Colombia, Bolivia, S Brazil, Paraguay M T Quasimellana mielkei Burns, 1994 Mielke's Mellana Brazil (MG) Quasimellana nicomedes (Mabille, 1883) Nicomedes Mellana SE Brazil M T Quasimellana meridiani (Hayward, 1934) Meridian Mellana SE Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina iN M T Quasimellana pandora (Hayward, 1940) Pandora Mellana Guianas, N & C Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia iN M S Atrytone Scudder, 1872 [includes Problema as a subgenus]; ref.10 Atrytone arogos (Boisduval & Le Conte, [1837]) Arogos Skipper ref.10 iN Atrytone arogos arogos (Boisduval & Le Conte, [1837]) NJ to FL, W to LA M T S L G Atrytone arogos iowa (Scudder, 1868) IL, IA, S MN, S ND, SD, SE MT, E WY, E CO, NE, KS, W MO, NW AR, OK to C TX M S L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Atrytone bulenta (Boisduval & Le Conte, [1837]) Rare Skipper brackish coastal marshes, NJ to GA; ref.10 iN M S L Atrytone byssus (W. H. Edwards, 1880) Byssus Skipper ref.10 iN Atrytone byssus byssus (W. H. Edwards, 1880) NC to FL, W to MS M T S L1 L2 L3 G Atrytone byssus kumskaka Scudder, 1887 IN to IA, MO, E KS, E OK, W AR, W LA, E TX M S L Zariaspes Godman, 1900 Zariaspes mys (Hübner, [1808]) Mys Skipper E Mexico to S Brazil & Paraguay iN M T S L Zariaspes mythecus Godman, 1900 Godman's Skipper W Mexico (NAY to OAX) iN M T S L Anatrytone Dyar, 1905 Anatrytone logan (W. H. Edwards, 1863) Delaware Skipper iN Anatrytone logan logan (W. H. Edwards, 1863) ME to MN, S to FL & E TX M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 G Anatrytone logan lagus (W. H. Edwards, 1881) SE ALTA & E MT to W & S TX, NL M T S L1 L2 Anatrytone mazai (H. Freeman, 1969) De la Maza's Skipper S TX, E & W Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S L Anatrytone potosiensis (H. Freeman, 1969) Potosi Skipper E Mexico to Honduras iN M T S L Anatrytone mella (Godman, 1900) Mella Skipper S Mexico to Colombia & Peru iN M T S L Anatrytone perfida (Möschler, 1879) Perfida Skipper Trinidad, Guianas, Venezuela, Colombia, Brazil, Peru, Paraguay, Argentina iN M T S Anatrytone sarah Burns, 1994 Sarah's Skipper Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia iN M T S Anatrytone barbara (R. Williams & E. Bell, 1931) Barbara's Skipper Surinam to C Brazil iN M T S Anatrytone flavens (Hayward, 1940) Flavens Skipper Argentina M S Hylephila Billberg, 1820 Hylephila phyleus (Drury, 1773) Fiery Skipper iN Hylephila phyleus phyleus (Drury, 1773) [= muertovalle] CA to FL (strays far N), S to Argentina; Caribbean; Hawaii M T S1 S2 IL L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 I G Hylephila phyleus taxus Evans, 1955 Ecuador (Rio Pastaza, Ambato, 5000-7000') Hylephila phyleus monticola Hayward, 1939 Ecuador (Bolivar, 9000') M T Hylephila phyleus anca Evans, 1955 S Peru (Carabaya, Marcapata) Hylephila phyleus andina (Staudinger, 1894) Bolivia (Cocopata, Cochabamba), N Argentina M T Hylephila basistrigata (Eaton, 1932) W Peru (Lima, Trujillo, Tarapaca, etc.) to Chile Hylephila signata (Blanchard, 1852) Signata Skipper Chile iN M T S Hylephila ancora (Plötz, 1883) Ancora Skipper Bolivia, Uruguay, Argentina iN Hylephila isonira Dyar, 1913 Isonira Skipper iN Hylephila isonira isonira Dyar, 1913 Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M S Hylephila isonira mima Evans, 1955 Peru (Arequipa, Arica, Tirapata, Titicaca), Bolivia (La Paz), Chile Hylephila fasciolata (Blanchard, 1852) Fasciolata Skipper Argentina, Chile iN M S Hylephila zapala Evans, 1955 Zapala Skipper Argentina (Zapala) Hylephila ignorans (Plötz, 1883) Ignorans Skipper Cordillera de Merida, Venezuela M S Hylephila adriennae MacNeill & Herrera, 1999 Adrienne's Skipper Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia iN M T Hylephila herrerai MacNeill, 2002 Herrera's Skipper Chile (Parinacota, Cotacotani, 4500m) Hylephila pseudoherrerai MacNeill, 2002 False Herrera's Skipper Peru (Ayacucho, Reserva Nacional de Pampas Galeras, 4000m) M S Hylephila pallisteri MacNeill, 2002 Pallister's Skipper Peru (Cuzco, Ollantaitambo, 9200'), possibly also Abra Acjanacu, 3600m ( ... iN M S Hylephila blancasi MacNeill, 2002 Blancas' Skipper Peru ("Santia," Lima [Canta], Junin, Huanuco) M S Hylephila tentativa MacNeill, 2002 Tentative Skipper Peru (Ayacucho, vic. Apacheta de Tambo, 4200-4250m) M S Hylephila shapiroi MacNeill, 2002 Shapiro's Skipper Peru (Junin, vic. Abra Anticona, 4843m) Hylephila galera Evans, 1955 Galera Skipper Peru (Junin, Galera Pass, 4800m, Tarma, 3000m, Yauli, 4300m) M S Hylephila boulleti (Mabille, 1906) Boullet's Skipper Argentina (Catamarca, Tucuman), Chile, Bolivia, Peru iN M T S Hylephila rossi MacNeill, 2002 Ross' Skipper Peru (Puno, 10 mi N Ayaviri; Cuzco-Puno, La Raya, 4318m) M S Hylephila peruana Draudt, 1923 Peruana Skipper Peru (Cuzco, 3500-4500m) iN M T S G Hylephila venustus (Hayward, 1940) Venustus Skipper Argentina (Santa Cruz Prov) N to Santiago Prov., Chile iN M S Hylephila kenhaywardi MacNeill, 1999 Ken Hayward's Skipper Chilean Andes, 3000-4600m (Elqui, Copiapo, El Loa, Parinacota) Hylephila lamasi MacNeill & Herrera, 1999 Lamas' Skipper S-central Peru, coastal iN M S Pompeius Evans, 1955 [includes Appia as its synonym]; ref.12 Pompeius appia (Evans, 1955) Appia Skipper Uruguay, Argentina; ref.12 iN M T Pompeius amblyspila (Mabille, 1898) Amblyspila Skipper [Nicaragua?], Colombia to Argentina iN M T S Pompeius fuscus Grishin, 2023 Brazil; ref.153 Pompeius pompeius (Latreille, [1824]) Pompeius Skipper E & W Mexico to Argentina iN M S L1 L2 Pompeius darina Evans, 1955 S Brazil (MT) Hedone Scudder, 1872 may be a subgenus of Polites; ref.10,128 Hedone vibex (Geyer, 1832) Whirlabout ref.10,16 iN Hedone vibex vibex (Geyer, 1832) NC to FL, W to LA M S HS L1 L2 L3 G Hedone vibex brettoides (W. H. Edwards, 1883) C & NE TX M T S L Hedone praeceps Scudder, 1872 Whirlabout S TX, E & W Mexico to Trinidad, Venezuela, Ecuador; ref.16 iN M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 I1 I2 Hedone vibicoides (de Jong, 1983) Surinam; ref.16 M T Hedone calla (Evans, 1955) Peru; ref.16 Hedone catilina (Plötz, 1886) [= stigma] Guianas, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, A ...; ref.16 iN M T S Hedone yunga Grishin, 2023 Yungas Region; ref.20 M T Hedone mira Grishin & Lamas, 2022 S Peru; ref.16 M T Hedone miracla Grishin, 2024 coast of central Peru; ref.154 M T Hedone dictynna (Godman & Salvin, 1896) Dictynna Skipper Lesser Antilles; ref.16 iN M T S L Hedone bittiae (Lindsey, 1925) Peru; ref.16 M S Limochores Scudder, 1872 may be a subgenus of Polites; ref.10,128 Limochores sonora (Scudder, 1872) Sonoran Skipper iN Limochores sonora N CA coastal segregate (, ) N CA coast M S L Limochores sonora siris (W. H. Edwards, 1881) N OR coast, W WA M S L Limochores sonora Willamette Valley segregate (, ) Willamette Valley, W OR M S Limochores sonora sonora (Scudder, 1872) Cascades of BC-WA-OR-CA to Sierra Nevada of CA, S to Baja California M S L1 L2 L3 L4 Ha G Limochores sonora flavaventris (Austin, 1998) NW NV to S-central OR M T Limochores sonora longinqua (Austin, 1998) White Mts. of CA-NV M T S L Limochores sonora NE Oregon segregate (, ) NE OR, SE WA M S Limochores sonora utahensis (Skinner, 1911) C ID, W MT, W & S WY, UT, CO M T S L I H Limochores mystic (W. H. Edwards, 1863) Long Dash iN Limochores mystic mystic (W. H. Edwards, 1863) SE Canada to MAN, S to IA, WV, VA M S L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Ha Limochores mystic dacotah (W. H. Edwards, 1871) S ALTA to NE CO, SW CO, C AZ M T S L Ha Limochores mystic nino Grishin, 2023 AZ: Coconino Co.; ref.151 M T Limochores mystic Pacific northwestern segregate (, ) E WA, BC, W ALTA, N ID, NW MT M S Limochores origenes (Fabricius, 1793) Crossline Skipper ref.10 iN Limochores origenes origenes (Fabricius, 1793) SE Canada, New England to E SD, S to NE TX, C FL M S Ma L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 I F G Limochores origenes rhena (W. H. Edwards, 1878) W ND & E MT to E CO & NE NM M T S Limochores pupillus (Plötz, 1882) Pupiled Skipper [= puxillius, Evans' "pupillus" is catahorma] NW to S-central Mexico; ref.13 iN M T S L Ha Limochores catahorma (Dyar, 1916) [= Evans' "pupillus"] NW to S-central Mexico; ref.13 iN M T S L Polites Scudder, 1872 [includes Wallengrenia as a subgenus]; ref.10,12,128 Polites themistocles (Latreille, [1824]) Tawny-edged Skipper iN Polites themistocles turneri H. Freeman, 1944 S BC, NE WA M T Polites themistocles UT segregate , UT, N AZ M S I Polites themistocles themistocles (Latreille, [1824]) SE Canada, New England to MT, S to NM, S FL, disjunct in N CA M S L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 G Polites coras (Cramer, 1775) Peck's Skipper [= peckius]; ref.16 iN Polites coras coras (Cramer, 1775) SE Canada, New England to NE OR, S BC; univoltine; ref.16 M S L1 L2 G Polites coras surllano Scott, 2006 southern Great Plains, CO to MO, at least; range poorly defined, bivoltine M S Hy L Polites coras AZ White Mts. segregate , AZ White Mts. M S L Polites mardon (W. H. Edwards, 1881) Mardon Skipper iN Polites mardon mardon (W. H. Edwards, 1881) WA Puget Sound area & nr. Mt. Adams M S L G Polites mardon N CA-S OR coastal segregate , NW CA (Del Norte Co.), SW OR (Curry Co.) near coast M S I Polites mardon klamathensis Mattoon, J. Emmel & T. Emmel, 1998 SW OR (Jackson & Klamath Cos.) S end Cascades M T S L Ha Polites sabuleti (Boisduval, 1852) Sandhill Skipper iN Polites sabuleti margaretae L. Miller & MacNeill, 1969 Baja California Sur M T S Polites sabuleti sabuleti (Boisduval, 1852) TL: USA (Ca) M T S L1 L2 Ha G Polites sabuleti channelensis J. Emmel & T. Emmel, 1998 Santa Rosa I., Santa Barbara Co., CA M T Polites sabuleti aestivalis J. Emmel, T. Emmel & Mattoon, 1998 NW CA, SW OR M T S L Ha Polites sabuleti E-central Cascadian segregate , SE OR Cascades M S Polites sabuleti tecumseh (F. Grinnell, 1903) Sierra Nevada, high elevations M T S L Ha Polites sabuleti albamontana Austin, 1987 White Mts. of CA-NV M T S L1 L2 Polites sabuleti genoa (Plötz, 1883) W NV (vic. Carson City) M S L Ha Polites sabuleti alkaliensis Austin, 1987 SE WA, E OR, NE NV to N UT, W CO, NW NM; also CO Front Range M T S Hy L I Ha Polites sabuleti sinemaculata Austin, 1987 Humboldt Co., NV M T S Polites sabuleti basinensis Austin, 1988 Reese R. Valley, C NV M T S L Ha Polites sabuleti nigrescens Austin, 1987 Steptoe Valley, White Pine Co., NV M T Ha Polites sabuleti chusca (W. H. Edwards, 1873) far SE CA, S NV, NW AZ, SW UT M T S Polites sabuleti ministigma Scott, 1981 S-central CO (San Luis Valley, upper Arkansas R. Valley) M T S Polites norae MacNeill, 1993 Guaymas Skipper coastal Sonora-Sinaloa, NW Mexico iN M T S L I Polites draco (W. H. Edwards, 1871) Draco Skipper Yukon, N BC, Rocky Mts. from W ALTA to N NM iN M S L1 L2 L3 Ha G Polites carus (W. H. Edwards, 1883) Carus Skipper far W OK, far SE CO, NM, W TX, AZ, NW Mexico to central Mexico iN M S HS L I Ha G Polites subreticulata (Plötz, 1883) Subreticulate Skipper E & W Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T OI S L Polites rhesus (W. H. Edwards, 1878) Rhesus Skipper iN Polites rhesus rhesus (W. H. Edwards, 1878) S ALTA, SASK, E MT, W ND, W SD, W NE, E WY, E CO, far W OK, NM, C AZ M T S L1 L2 I Ha G Polites rhesus otomi A. Warren & Gott, 2021 NW to S-Central Mexico; ref.26 M S Ha Polites baracoa (Lucas, 1857) Baracoa Skipper iN Polites baracoa baracoa (Lucas, 1857) S GA, FL, Cuba M T S1 S2 L G Polites baracoa loma Evans, 1955 Hispaniola M S Polites egeremet (Scudder, 1863) Northern Broken-dash SE Canada, New England to C FL, W to E TX, N to SE ND, C MN; ref.12 iN M S L1 L2 L3 G Polites otho (J. E. Smith, 1797) Southern Broken-dash ref.12 iN Polites otho otho (J. E. Smith, 1797) MD to FL, W to TX, E & W Mexico to Costa Rica M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 G Polites otho clavus (Erichson, [1849]) [= curassavica], S TX, E & W Mexico to Venezuela, Guianas, Trinidad, N Brazil, Peru M T S L Polites sapuca (Evans, 1955) Paraguay, Argentina; ref.12 M T S Polites premnas (Wallengren, 1860) Trinidad, Guianas, Venezuela, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, A ...; ref.12 iN M T S HS L Polites misera (Lucas, 1857) Cuban Broken-dash Cuba, Isla de Juventud, N Bahamas; ref.12 iN M T S Polites drury (Latreille, [1824]) Drury's Broken-dash S Bahamas, Turks & Caicos, Hispaniola, P. Rico, Virgin Is.; ref.12 iN M T S Polites vesuria (Plötz, 1882) Jamaican Broken-dash Jamaica iN M S L Polites ophites (Mabille, 1878) Fiery Broken-dash St. Martin, St. Eustatius, Saba; St. Kitts to St. Vincent, Trinidad; ref.12 iN M T S Nyctelius Hayward, 1948 Nyctelius nyctelius (Latreille, [1824]) Violet-banded Skipper, Nyctelius Skipper iN Nyctelius nyctelius nyctelius (Latreille, [1824]) Greater Antilles, Virgin Islands, S Texas to Argentina M T S L1 L2 G Nyctelius nyctelius agari (Dillon, 1947) Lesser Antilles M S Nyctelius paranensis (Schaus, 1902) Parana Skipper SE Brazil iN M T Conga Evans, 1955 Conga chydaea (A. Butler, 1877) Hidden-ray Skipper S TX to Argentina; ref.13,16 iN M T S L Conga urqua (Schaus, 1902) Urqua Skipper SE Brazil, Argentina iN M T S Conga immaculata (E. Bell, 1930) Sullied Skipper SE Brazil iN M T S Conga iheringii (Mabille, 1891) Dark-patched Skipper SE Brazil iN M T Conga zela (Plötz, 1883) Zela Skipper SE Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina iN M T Vernia clara Grishin, 2023 E & W Mexico to Panama; ref.153 M S L Vernia dares (Plötz, 1883) Dares Skipper Colombia to S Brazil; ref.5 iN M S Vernia verna (W. H. Edwards, 1862) Little Glassywing ref.5 iN Vernia verna sequoyah (H. Freeman, 1942) AR, SE OK, E TX, [NE Mexico]; ref.146 M T1 T2 S L Vernia verna verna (W. H. Edwards, 1862) S QUE, ONT, New England to N FL, W to LA, N to MN, SE SD, E NE, NE KS M T S L1 L2 L3 F G Atalopedes Scudder, 1872 [includes Linka]; ref.7 Atalopedes carteri Evans, 1955 Carter's Skipper New Providence Island, Bahamas M S Atalopedes mesogramma (Latreille, [1824]) Mesogramma Skipper iN Atalopedes mesogramma mesogramma (Latreille, [1824]) Cuba, New Providence, Andros M T S Atalopedes mesogramma apa W. Comstock, 1944 Hispaniola, Puerto Rico M T S Atalopedes lina (Plötz, 1883) Lina Skipper Colombia, Bolivia; ref.7 M S Atalopedes campestris (Boisduval, 1852) Casachem Baja California to WA, Columbia Basin to W Idaho; ref.16 iN M T S L Ha G Atalopedes huron (W. H. Edwards, 1863) Sachem E USA (strays far N), E & W Mexico to Ecuador, Venezuela, Brazil; ref.16 iN M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 L9 L10 Atalopedes flaveola (Mabille, 1891) Flaveola Skipper [= clarkei], Venezuela's Caribbean islands M T Atalopedes bahiensis (Schaus, 1902) Bahia Skipper E Brazil (Ba) M T Hesperia Fabricius, 1793 Hesperia nabokovi (E. Bell & W. Comstock, 1948) Nabokov's Skipper Hispaniola M T S Hesperia comma (Linnaeus, 1758) iN Hesperia comma lena Korshunov & Gorbunov, 1995 ref.121 Hesperia colorado (Scudder, 1874) Western Branded Skipper ref.121 iN Hesperia colorado colorado (Scudder, 1874) S-central CO, N NM M T S L Ha Hesperia colorado sublima A. Warren & Calhoun, 2015 Rocky Mts. of Colorado, at and above treeline; ref.106,121 M S1 S2 Ha G Hesperia colorado ochracea Lindsey, 1941 CO Front Range (Larimer to El Paso cos.); ref.121 M T S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 Ha Hesperia colorado susanae L. Miller, 1962 S-central & SE AZ, SW NM M T1 T2 S L1 L2 Hesperia colorado mojavensis Austin & McGuire, 1998 Spring Mts., Clark Co., NV M T1 T2 S Hesperia colorado idaho (W. H. Edwards, 1883) W CO to E CA, N to SE BC, MT, WY M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 Hesperia colorado E Columbia Basin segregate , E Columbia Basin, NE OR, SE WA M S Ab L1 L2 L3 Ha Hesperia colorado leussleri Lindsey, 1940 SW CA M T S1 S2 L1 L2 Ha Hesperia colorado tildeni H. Freeman, 1956 W-central CA (Coast Ranges) M T S Hesperia colorado harpalus (W. H. Edwards, 1881) CA Sierra Nevada M T S1 S2 Hesperia colorado oregonia (W. H. Edwards, 1883) N CA-SW OR Cascades, E Siskiyous M T S L Ha G Hesperia colorado W Cascades segregate , W OR Cascades (from Clackamas to N Jackson cos.) M S L1 L2 L3 L4 Ha Hesperia colorado mattoonorum McGuire, 1998 NW CA-SW OR W Siskiyous & outer Coast Range M S L I Ha Hesperia colorado N CA coastal segregate , Marin Co., CA M S Hesperia colorado dodgei (E. Bell, 1927) Santa Cruz Co., CA M T S L G Hesperia colorado hulbirti Lindsey, 1939 Olympic Mts., WA, high elevations M T1 T2 S Hesperia colorado manitoba (Scudder, 1874) N Manitoba to Alaska, S in Canadian Rocky Mts. to N-central WA & N MT M S Hesperia colorado borealis Lindsey, 1942 Newfoundland, Labrador, N Quebec M S L Hesperia colorado laurentina (Lyman, 1892) SE Canada, N New England, N MI, WI, MN to E MAN M S L Hesperia assiniboia (Lyman, 1892) Plains Branded Skipper Peace River BC-ALTA to C MAN, S to MT, ND, far W MN iN M S L1 L2 Hesperia juba (Scudder, 1872) Juba Skipper S BC to W SD, S to NW NM, N AZ, CA & Baja California iN M T S L1 L2 L3 I Ha G Hesperia lindseyi (W. Holland, 1930) Lindsey's Skipper iN Hesperia lindseyi lindseyi (W. Holland, 1930) W-central to S CA, far SW AZ M T S L Ha Hesperia lindseyi macneilli J. Emmel, T. Emmel & Mattoon, 1998 outer N Coast Ranges, NW CA M T S Hesperia lindseyi eldorado J. Emmel, T. Emmel & Mattoon, 1998 W slope Sierra Nevada, CA (Butte to El Dorado cos.) M T S Hesperia lindseyi septentrionalis J. Emmel, T. Emmel & Mattoon, 1998 Siskiyou Mts & Modoc Plateau, N CA, S OR, NW NV M T S L1 L2 Ha Hesperia lindseyi mccorklei P. Severns & D. Severns, 2005 upper Rogue River drainage, Douglas Co., OR M T Hesperia miriamae MacNeill, 1959 Sierra Skipper iN Hesperia miriamae miriamae MacNeill, 1959 S Sierra Nevada, CA (Alpine to Tulare cos.), high elevations M T S Hesperia miriamae longaevicola McGuire, 1998 CA-NV White Mts., high elevations M S L Ha Hesperia nevada (Scudder, 1874) Nevada Skipper iN Hesperia nevada nevada (Scudder, 1874) ALTA & SASK, Rocky Mts. from MT-ID to N-central NM M T1 T2 T3 S L1 L2 Ha G Hesperia nevada N Great Basin & Columbia Basin segregate , N Great Basin, OR-ID-NV & Columbia Basin, WA-BC M S L Ha Hesperia nevada sierra Austin, J. Emmel, T. Emmel & Mattoon, 1998 S OR (Warner Mts.) to S end Sierra Nevada, CA M T S L1 L2 Ha Hesperia woodgatei (R. Williams, 1914) Apache Skipper iN Hesperia woodgatei Hualapai Mts. segregate , Hualapai Mts., Mohave Co., AZ M S Hesperia woodgatei woodgatei (R. Williams, 1914) S CO, NM, W TX, C & SE AZ, CHIH; ref.19 M T S L1 L2 Ha G Hesperia woodgatei NW Mexican segregate , NW Mexico (DGO) M S Hesperia woodgatei NE Mexican segregate , NE Mexico (COAH, NL) M S L Hesperia balcones (Grishin, 2023) Hill Country Skipper C TX (Travis, Kerr & Bear cos.); ref.19 M S1 S2 L H Hesperia uncas W. H. Edwards, 1863 Uncas Skipper iN Hesperia uncas gilberti MacNeill, 1964 S-central Mexico (DF, MEX, OAX) M T Hesperia uncas nadineae A. Warren, Gott & McGuire, 2021 NE Mexico (Coah, NL); ref.29 M S Hesperia uncas Minnesota segregate , Minnesota (Sherburne Co.) M S Hesperia uncas tomichi M. Fisher, 2008 Colorado Rockies, high elevations; univoltine M T S L Ha Hesperia uncas uncas W. H. Edwards, 1863 SE MAN to S ALTA, S to NE ID, WY,W NE, W KS, W OK, E CO, NM, N & W TX M T S L1 L2 L3 Ha G Hesperia uncas lasus (W. H. Edwards, 1884) W CO, UT, AZ, SW NM M T S L Ha Hesperia uncas grandiosa Austin & McGuire, 1998 White River and Big Smokey valleys, Nye Co., NV M T1 T2 S L Ha Hesperia uncas fulvapalla Austin & McGuire, 1998 Railroad Valley, Nye Co., NV & Calleo area, Juab Co., UT M T1 T2 S L Ha Hesperia uncas reeseorum Austin & McGuire, 1998 Reese River and Mason valleys, Lander Co., NV M T1 T2 S L Ha Hesperia uncas terraclivosa Austin & McGuire, 1998 C NV (Toquima, Mts, Schell Creek Range, Humboldt Range) to Alvord Desert, Harney ... M T1 T2 S1 S2 Ha Hesperia uncas central Oregon segregate , Crook-Deschutes cos., central OR M S Hesperia uncas giulianii McGuire, 1998 vic. Adobe Hills, Mono Co., CA M S L Hesperia uncas macswaini MacNeill, 1964 CA-NV White Mts., high elevations M T S L1 L2 I H Hesperia leonardus T. Harris, 1862 Leonard's Skipper iN Hesperia leonardus leonardus T. Harris, 1862 SE Canada, New England to SC, NE GA, W to WI, MO M T1 T2 S L1 L2 G Hesperia leonardus midwest blends segregate , E SASK, C MN to E OK M S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 L4 Hesperia leonardus pawnee Dodge, 1874 E CO to E MT, E to SW MN, NW IA M T S L1 L2 L3 Ha Hesperia leonardus montana (Skinner, 1911) S Platte River Canyon, C CO M T S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 L4 Ha Hesperia columbia (Scudder, 1872) Columbian Skipper iN Hesperia columbia columbia (Scudder, 1872) C & S CA M T S Ab L1 L2 G Hesperia columbia N Cascades-Siskiyous segregate , Siskiyou Mts. & SW Cascades, NW CA, SW OR M S L Ha Hesperia pahaska Leussler, 1938 Pahaska Skipper iN Hesperia pahaska pahaska Leussler, 1938 SASK, MT & ND, S to W AZ & C NM; ref.151 M S1 S2 L Ha Hesperia pahaska williamsi Lindsey, 1940 S AZ to W TX, NW Mexico M T S L1 L2 L3 I Ha Hesperia pahaska hannawackeri Grishin, 2023 SE UT & SW CO; ref.151 Hesperia pahaska martini MacNeill, 1964 SE CA M T1 T2 S L Hesperia pahaska Baja California Norte segregate , N Baja California, Mexico M S Hesperia viridis (W. H. Edwards, 1883) Green Skipper SE WY to E AZ & C TX, NE Mexico iN M S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 Ha G Hesperia metea Scudder, 1863 Cobweb Skipper iN Hesperia metea metea Scudder, 1863 New England to OH, WI M S L G Hesperia metea intermedia Gatrelle, 2003 S Appalachians (SW VA to N GA) M T S L Hesperia metea licinus (W. H. Edwards, 1871) NE & IL S to TX, MS M T S L Hesperia attalus (W. H. Edwards, 1871) Dotted Skipper iN Hesperia attalus attalus (W. H. Edwards, 1871) S KS to C TX M T S L1 L2 L3 G Hesperia attalus nigrescens Gatrelle, 1999 S NC, N SC, NJ? M T Hesperia attalus slossonae (Skinner, 1890) FL to LA M T S1 S2 L1 L2 Hesperia ottoe W. H. Edwards, 1866 Ottoe Skipper S MAN, E MT & W ND, S to E CO, W OK, N TX, E to IL, MI iN M T S1 S2 HS L G Hesperia meskei (W. H. Edwards, 1877) Meske's Skipper iN Hesperia meskei meskei (W. H. Edwards, 1877) NE TX, AR, E OK M T S L G Hesperia meskei straton (W. H. Edwards, 1881) S NC to S FL M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 Hesperia meskei pinocayo Gatrelle & Minno, 2003 Big Pine Key, Monroe Co., FL (apparently extinct) M T S Hesperia sassacus T. Harris, 1862 Indian Skipper iN Hesperia sassacus nantahala Gatrelle & Grkovich, 2003 SW VA, W NC, TN, N GA M T S L Hesperia sassacus sassacus T. Harris, 1862 SE Canada, New England to MD, W to MI M S L I Ha G Hesperia sassacus manitoboides (Fletcher, 1889) S MAN to WI M T S L Hesperia dacotae (Skinner, 1911) Dakota Skipper S MAN, ND, E SD, W MN iN M T S L G Pseudocopaeodes Skinner & R. Williams, 1923 Pseudocopaeodes eunus (W. H. Edwards, 1881) Alkali Skipper iN Pseudocopaeodes eunus eunus (W. H. Edwards, 1881) S CA (Kern to San Diego cos.) M T S L1 L2 I Ha G Pseudocopaeodes eunus alinea (Scott, 1981) S NV, far SE CA M T S Pseudocopaeodes eunus ash Grishin, 2023 NV: Ash Meadows; ref.151 Pseudocopaeodes eunus flavus Austin & J. Emmel, 1998 Inyo Co., CA, N through Lyon, Mineral, Storey, Washoe, Pershing, Lander and Nye c ... M T S L1 L2 Ha Pseudocopaeodes eunus obscurus Austin & J. Emmel, 1998 Carson City, NV, also Honey L., Lassen Co., CA & vic. Mono L. & L. Crowley, Mono ... M T1 T2 T3 Parachoranthus L. Miller, 1965 Parachoranthus magdalia (Herrich-Schäffer, 1863) Magdalia Skipper Cuba, [N Andros] iN M T S Neochlodes Austin & DeVries, 2001 Neochlodes maculosus Austin & DeVries, 2001 Maculosus Skipper Costa Rica (Cerro Echandi, 2400m, Puntarenas) M T Ochlodes Scudder, 1872 Ochlodes batesi (E. Bell, 1935) Bates' Skipper Hispaniola iN M S Ochlodes yuma (W. H. Edwards, 1873) Yuma Skipper iN Ochlodes yuma sacramentorum Austin, 1998 CA Central Valley M T1 T2 Ochlodes yuma yuma (W. H. Edwards, 1873) far NW NM, N AZ, S UT, S NV, SE CA M T S L I Ochlodes yuma lutea Austin, 1998 C & N NV, SE OR M T1 T2 L Ha Ochlodes yuma Columbia Basin segregate , C Washington (Dry Falls area) to Columbia R. of S WA, N OR M S Ochlodes yuma lower Snake River drainage segregate , vic. Hells Canyon (Snake R.), NE OR, W ID M S Ochlodes yuma scudderi (Skinner, 1899) WY (Wind R. Cyn.), W CO, NE UT M T S L I H Ochlodes yuma anasazi S. Cary & Stanford, 1995 N New Mexico (Rio Grande Gorge) M T S L1 L2 H Ochlodes santacruza Scott, 1981 Woodland Skipper Santa Cruz & Santa Catalina Islds, CA; ref.151 Ochlodes santacruza santacruza Scott, 1981 Santa Cruz Island, CA; ref.151 M T S Ochlodes santacruza catalina J. Emmel & T. Emmel, 1998 Santa Catalina Island, CA; ref.151 M T L Ochlodes sylvanoides (Boisduval, 1852) Woodland Skipper iN Ochlodes sylvanoides sylvanoides (Boisduval, 1852) S BC, W WA, W OR, W CA, N BC (Mexico) M T S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 Ha G Ochlodes sylvanoides orecoasta Scott, 1981 immediate coastal habitats from W WA to N CA, variable phenotype M T S Ochlodes sylvanoides bonnevilla Scott, 1981 N Great Basin, esp. Elko Co., NV, variable but palest phenotype M T S L Ha Ochlodes sylvanoides omnigena Austin, 1998 E CA Sierra Nevada & E OR-WA Cascades to MT, WY, W CO M T1 T2 L1 L2 L3 I Ha Ochlodes napa (W. H. Edwards, 1865) Woodland Skipper CO Front Range (Larimer to El Paso & Fremont cos.), E WY, W SD Ochlodes napa napa (W. H. Edwards, 1865) CO Front Range (Larimer to El Paso & Fremont cos.), E WY, W SD M S L Ha Ochlodes napa kaibab Grishin, 2023 N AZ; ref.151 Ochlodes agricola (Boisduval, 1852) Rural Skipper iN Ochlodes agricola Northern segregate , NW CA, SW OR M S L Ha Ochlodes agricola agricola (Boisduval, 1852) W CA, N BC (MEX) M T S L1 L2 Ha G Ochlodes agricola nemorum (Boisduval, 1852) W Sierra Nevada, CA M T S Ochlodes agricola verus (W. H. Edwards, 1881) far S Sierra Nevada, to SE (CA); ref.151 M T S L I Stinga Evans, 1955 Stinga morrisoni (W. H. Edwards, 1878) Morrison’s Skipper CO Front Range, NM, E AZ, W TX, N to S-central Mexico iN M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 I Ha G Stinga kendamulaza A. Warren & Austin, 2009 Kendamulaza Skipper S Mexico (TLAX, PUE, OAX); ref.107 M T L Ha Poanes Scudder, 1872 Poanes yehl (Skinner, 1893) Yehl Skipper VA to FL, AL to E TX, far E OK, N to S IN, IL iN M T S HS L1 L2 L3 G Poanes aaroni (Skinner, 1890) Aaron's Skipper iN Poanes aaroni aaroni (Skinner, 1890) NJ to NC M S G Poanes aaroni minimus Gatrelle, 1999 S SC M T L Poanes aaroni howardi (Skinner, 1896) FL, S GA, S AL, S MS M T S1 S2 L Poanes aaroni bordeloni Gatrelle, 2000 SE TX, SW LA M T S L Poanes viator (W. H. Edwards, 1865) Broad-winged Skipper iN Poanes viator viator (W. H. Edwards, 1865) NE, SE ND, E SD to NY, ONT M S L G Poanes viator zizaniae Shapiro, 1971 MA to FL, E to C TX M S L1 L2 L3 Ha Poanes massasoit (Scudder, 1863) Mulberry Wing iN Poanes massasoit massasoit (Scudder, 1863) NH & MA to MD, NY to MN, far SE ND, E SD M T S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 G Poanes massasoit chermocki Andersen & Simmons, 1976 vic. New Bridge, Dorchester Co., MD M T S Lon hobomok (T. Harris, 1862) Hobomok Skipper ref.5 iN Lon hobomok hobomok (T. Harris, 1862) SE Canada to SASK & E-central ALTA, S to NE CO, E OK, AR to TN, N AL M T S L1 L2 L3 Ha G Lon hobomok monofacies (Gatrelle, 2002) NC to GA M T S L1 L2 Lon hobomok wetona (Scott, 1981) S-central CO, E NM ranges M T S Lon zabulon (Boisduval & Le Conte, [1837]) Zabulon Skipper NE USA S to montane Mexico & Panama; ref.5 iN M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 F Ha G Lon co Grishin, 2023 Zabulon Skipper Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.151 M T S L Ha Lon ma Grishin, 2023 Zabulon Skipper Panama; ref.151 M L Lon taxiles (W. H. Edwards, 1881) Taxiles Skipper W SD, W NE, E WY, CO, S ID, UT, AZ, NM, W TX, NW Mexico to DF, OAX; ref.5 iN Lon taxiles taxiles (W. H. Edwards, 1881) W SD, W NE, E WY, CO, S ID, UT, AZ, NM, W TX, NW Mexico to DF, OAX M S L1 L2 I Ha G Lon taxiles albimaculatus Spomer, 2021 TL: USA (Ne) Lon azin (Godman, 1900) Azin Skipper Colombia; ref.5 iN M T Lon macneilli (Burns, 1992) MacNeill's Skipper Colombia (Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta); ref.5 M T Lon inimica (A. Butler & H. Druce, 1872) Yellow-stained Skipper E & W Mexico to Colombia, Venezuela; ref.5 iN M T S L Ha Lon melane (W. H. Edwards, 1869) Umber Skipper ref.5 iN Lon melane melane (W. H. Edwards, 1869) CA (widespread W of Sierra Nevada), N Baja California M T S L G Lon melane sur Grishin, 2023 Baja California Sur; ref.151 M T S Lon vitellina (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) 'Mexican' Umber Skipper SE AZ, SW NM, W TX to Oaxaca; ref.151 M S L I Ha Lon chia Grishin, 2023 Chiapas' Umber Skipper VER (Los Tuxtlas), Chiapas to El Salvador; ref.151 M T S1 S2 L Lon poa (Evans, 1955) 'Central American' Umber Skipper Costa Rica & Panama; ref.151 M S Lon ulphila (Plötz, 1883) Ulphila Skipper Mexico, a domen dubium placed here for now; ref.5,139 M TI Lon monticola (Godman, 1900) Oyamel Skipper [likely conspecific with ulphila] W to S-central Mexico; ref.5,139 iN M T S1 S2 HS L1 L2 Lon niveolimbus (Mabille, 1889) Snow-fringed Skipper Chiapas, Guatemala; ref.5 iN M T OI S1 S2 Evansiella Hayward, 1948 Evansiella cordela (Plötz, 1882) Brazil & Paraguay iN M T S Paratrytone Godman, 1900 Paratrytone snowi (W. H. Edwards, 1877) Snow’s Skipper SE WY (Laramie Co.), CO Front Range, S CO, NM, E AZ, CHIH, [SON?] iN M S L1 L2 Ha G Paratrytone decepta L. Miller & J. Miller, 1972 Morelos Skipper NE to S-central Mexico (TAMPS, COAH, DF, MOR, VER) iN M T S L Paratrytone kemneri Steinhauser, 1996 Kemner's Skipper N to S-central Mexico M T S Paratrytone raspa (Evans, 1955) Raspa Skipper [= miahua] SW Mexico (MICH to OAX) iN M T S L Ha Paratrytone pilza (Evans, 1955) Pilza Skipper S-central Mexico (GTO, DF, TLAX, PUE) M S Paratrytone polyclea Godman, 1900 Polyclea Skipper SW Mexico (GRO, OAX, CHIS) iN M S L Paratrytone rhexenor Godman, 1900 Crazy-spotted Skipper NW & NE Mexico to OAX, VER iN M S Paratrytone aphractoia Dyar, 1914 Snowball-spotted Skipper NW & S-central Mexico iN M T S L Ha Paratrytone samenta (Dyar, 1914) Samenta Skipper W Mexico (SON to OAX); ref.13 iN M S L Paratrytone omiltemensis Steinhauser, 1996 Omiltemi Skipper SW Mexico (MICH to OAX) iN M T S Ha Megaleas Godman, 1901 Megaleas syrna (Godman & Salvin, 1879) Megaleas Skipper Costa Rica M T G Tisias Godman, 1901 Tisias myna (Mabille, 1889) Myna Ruby-eye Costa Rica and Panama iN M T OI S Tisias caesena (Hewitson, 1867) TL: Brazil M T S Tisias lesueur (Latreille, [1824]) iN Tisias lesueur canna Evans, 1955 TL: Peru M T Tisias lesueur lesueur (Latreille, [1824]) TL: USA M S Tisias carystoides Nicolay, 1980 TL: Ecuador M T Xeniades Godman, 1900 [includes Cravera, Tixe & Putuma]; ref.13,16 Xeniades putumayo (Constantino & Salazar, 2013) Putumayo Ruby-eye C Colombia; ref.58,13,16 iN Xeniades hermoda (Hewitson, 1870) Quadrate Ruby-eye Panama to Ecuador; ref.13 M T S Xeniades quadrata (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) ref.13 iN M T S Xeniades rinda (Evans, 1955) Venezuela; ref.13 M T Xeniades orchamus (Cramer, 1777) Smear-spotted Skipper E & W Mexico to Argentina iN M T S L Xeniades difficilis Draudt, 1923 Peru, Bolivia; ref.13 M T L G Xeniades pteras Godman, 1900 Band-spotted Skipper S Mexico (Oax, Chis) to Colombia & Venezuela; ref.13 M S L Xeniades chalestra (Hewitson, 1866) Band-spotted Skipper iN Xeniades chalestra chalestra (Hewitson, 1866) Trinidad, Guianas, Colombia, Venezuela to Peru, Bolivia, S Brazil, Paraguay M T S Xeniades chalestra corna Evans, 1955 SE Brazil M S Xeniades victoria Evans, 1955 Victoria Skipper SE Brazil iN M S Xeniades rara (de Jong, 1983) Rara Skipper Surinam, French Guiana; ref.13 M T S Xeniades laureatus Draudt, 1923 Laureatus Skipper Bolivia; ref.13 M T S G Vacerra Godman, 1900 Vacerra cervara Steinhauser, 1974 Cervara Skipper E & W Mexico to Panama iN M T S L Vacerra lachares Godman, 1900 Lachares Skipper Costa Rica M S Vacerra gayra (Dyar, 1918) Gayra Skipper E & W Mexico, Belize iN M S L Ha Vacerra egla (Hewitson, 1877) Egla Skipper Nicaragua, Panama M T S L Vacerra litana (Hewitson, 1866) Litana Skipper [= MEX & Central American records for bonfilus aeas], E & W Mexico to Gu ... iN M T S L Vacerra bonfilius (Latreille, [1824]) Bonfilus Skipper iN Vacerra bonfilius bonfilius (Latreille, [1824]) Peru, S Brazil, Paraguay M T Vacerra bonfilius bonta Evans, 1955 Bolivia Vacerra caniola (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Caniola Skipper iN Vacerra caniola caniola (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Guatemala to Venezuela M T S L Vacerra caniola elva Evans, 1955 Peru, Paraguay Vacerra evansi Hayward, 1938 Blue-haired Skipper SE Brazil, Paraguay, N Argentina iN Vacerra hermesia (Hewitson, 1870) Hermesia Skipper iN Vacerra hermesia hermesia (Hewitson, 1870) Ecuador M T S L Vacerra hermesia cecropterus (Draudt, 1923) Peru, Bolivia, Argentina M T S L G Oligoria Scudder, 1872 [includes Cobaloides and Jongiana]; ref.13 Oligoria unica (de Jong, 1983) Unique Skipper Surinam; ref.13 M T Oligoria argus (Hayward, 1939) SE S. Amer.; ref.13 Oligoria locutia (Hewitson, 1876) Locutia Skipper SE Brazil; ref.13 iN M T S Oligoria maculata (W. H. Edwards, 1865) Twin-spot Skipper SE USA (E TX to FL, N to NC) iN M T S L1 L2 I G Oligoria percosius (Godman, 1900) Double-dotted Skipper S TX, E & SW Mexico to Guyana; ref.10 iN M T S1 S2 L Oligoria rindgei (H. Freeman, 1969) Rindge’s Skipper S Mexico; ref.10 iN M T G Oligoria obtena Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Oligoria lucifer (Hübner, [1831]) Lucifer Skipper W Mexico to Argentina; ref.10 iN M T S L Ha Oligoria mustea (H. Freeman, 1979) Muste Skipper W Mexico (Colima, Chiapas); ref.10 iN M S Atrytonopsis Godman, 1900 Atrytonopsis quinteri Burns, 2015 Crystal Skipper Bogue Banks and Bear Islands, NC iN M S L1 L2 L3 L4 I Ha Atrytonopsis loammi (Whitney, 1876) Loamm's Skipper FL, SC, formerly far S NC iN M T S1 S2 L G Atrytonopsis hianna (Scudder, 1868) Dusted Skipper iN Atrytonopsis hianna hianna (Scudder, 1868) New England to SE SASK, S to GA, AR & LA M S L1 L2 L3 Ha G Atrytonopsis hianna turneri H. Freeman, 1948 E MT, E WY, E CO, NE NM, ND to N-central TX M T S L Atrytonopsis deva (W. H. Edwards, 1877) Deva Skipper C & SE AZ, SW NM, NW to S-central Mexico iN M T S L Ha G Atrytonopsis vierecki (Skinner, 1902) Viereck’s Skipper SW & SE UT, S CO, AZ, NM, far W OK, N & W TX, N COAH iN M T S L1 L2 L3 Ha G Atrytonopsis lunus (W. H. Edwards, 1884) Moon-marked Skipper C & SE AZ, SW NM, SON iN M T S L I G Atrytonopsis frappenda (Dyar, 1920) Pedregal Skipper [= zweifeli] Mexico; ref.96 iN M T S G Atrytonopsis llorentei A. Warren, 2009 Llorente's Skipper West-central Mexico (MICH, MEX, SIN); ref.109 M T Ha Atrytonopsis austinorum A. Warren, 2011 Austins' Skipper Jalisco, Mexico; ref.110 M T Atrytonopsis cestus (W. H. Edwards, 1884) Cestus Skipper far NW Mexico (SON), SE AZ iN M T S L I Ha G Atrytonopsis python (W. H. Edwards, 1882) Python Skipper far S NV, AZ, NM, W TX, CHIH, SON iN M T S L G Atrytonopsis margarita (Skinner, 1913) iN M T L Atrytonopsis pittacus (W. H. Edwards, 1882) White-barred Skipper iN Atrytonopsis pittacus pittacus (W. H. Edwards, 1882) C & SE AZ, SW NM, W TX, SON M S Ab L G Atrytonopsis pittacus Southern segregate , SW Mexico (AGS, GRO, OAX) M S Atrytonopsis edwardsi W. Barnes & McDunnough, 1916 Sheep Skipper N-central and NW Mexico, S AZ, SW NM, W TX iN Atrytonopsis edwardsi edwardsi W. Barnes & McDunnough, 1916 N-central and NW Mexico, S AZ, SW NM, W TX iN M T S L1 L2 I G Atrytonopsis edwardsi rupilius (Schaus, 1913) W Mexico; ref.151 M T Atrytonopsis ovinia (Hewitson, 1866) Ovinia Skipper [= zaovinia], S-central Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S L Ha Thespieus Godman, 1900 Thespieus pinda Evans, 1955 Pinda Skipper Peru (Limbani, Carabaya) M S Thespieus inez Nicolay, 1973 Inez' Skipper Colombia (Arcabuco, 2200m, Dept. Boyaca) M T Thespieus tihoneta (Weeks, 1901) Tihoneta Skipper iN Thespieus tihoneta ovallei E. Bell, 1938 Colombia M T S Thespieus tihoneta pampa Evans, 1955 Peru Thespieus tihoneta tihoneta (Weeks, 1901) Peru, Bolivia, Argentina M T S G Thespieus opigena (Hewitson, 1866) Opigena Skipper Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia iN M T S L Thespieus guerreronis Dyar, 1913 Mexico (Gue); ref.153 M T Thespieus dalman (Latreille, [1824]) Chalk-marked Skipper E & W Mexico to Argentina iN M T S L Thespieus mandal Grishin, 2023 SE Brazil; ref.153 Thespieus ethemides (Burmeister, 1878) Ethemides Skipper S Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina iN M T S G Thespieus jora Evans, 1955 Jora Skipper SE Brazil, Uruguay iN M S Thespieus macareus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Chestnut-marked Skipper TX (rare stray), E & W Mexico to Colombia & Venezuela iN M T S L G Thespieus aspernatus Draudt, 1923 Aspernatus Skipper SE Mexico to Venezuela, S Brazil, Paraguay & Argentina iN M T S G Thespieus castor Hayward, 1948 Castor Skipper SE Brazil M S Thespieus fulvangula (Weymer, 1890) Fulvangula Skipper Ecuador, Peru M T S Thespieus lutetia (Hewitson, 1866) Lutetia Skipper SE Brazil, Argentina iN M T S Thespieus xarippe (A. Butler, 1870) Xarippe Skipper iN Thespieus xarippe hallia Evans, 1955 Colombia, Peru M S Thespieus xarippe xarippe (A. Butler, 1870) S Brazil, Paraguay M T S Thespieus xarina Hayward, 1948 Xarina Skipper S Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina (Colombia records probably in error) iN M S Thespieus othna (A. Butler, 1870) Othna Skipper iN Thespieus othna tinka Evans, 1955 Panama & Colombia M S Thespieus othna othna (A. Butler, 1870) Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M T S L G Thespieus thona Evans, 1955 Thona Skipper Peru iN M S Thespieus argentina Draudt, 1923 Argentine Skipper S Peru, Bolivia, Argentina iN M T S G Thespieus duidensis E. Bell, 1932 Mt. Duida Skipper S Venezuela M T Thespieus haywardi Evans, 1937 Hayward's Skipper SE Brazil, Argentina iN M S Thespieus peruviae Lindsey, 1925 Peruvian Skipper Ecuador, Peru M S Thespieus vividus (Mabille, 1891) Vivid Skipper SE Brazil iN M S Thespieus hieroglyphica Draudt, 1923 Hieroglyphic Skipper Peru, Bolivia M T S G Thespieus tapayuna J. Zikán, 1938 Tapayuna Skipper SE Brazil iN M S Thespieus zikani O. Mielke, 1971 Zikan's Skipper Colombia M S Thespieus caraca Evans, 1955 Caraca Skipper S Brazil M S Thespieus maacki Carneiro, Dolibaina, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2014 Brazil; ref.50 Thespieus catochra (Plötz, 1882) Catochra Skipper S Brazil, Argentina iN M T S Thespieus himella (Hewitson, 1868) Himella Skipper SE Brazil iN M T S Thespieus abauna J. Zikán, 1938 Abauna Skipper SE Brazil M S Thespieus abatira J. Zikán, 1938 Abatira Skipper S Brazil iN M S Thespieus matucanae Lindsey, 1925 Matucana Skipper Peru M S Thespieus fassli (Draudt, 1923) Fassl's Skipper Peru iN M T S G Thespieus homochromus O. Mielke, 1978 Homochromus Skipper SE Brazil iN M S Tribe Hesperiini, Subtribe Moncina Gracilata Grishin, 2022 Gracilata quadrinotata (Mabille, 1889) Four-marked Skipper Costa Rica and Panama; ref.13 M T S Psoralis Mabille, 1904 [includes Pamba and Saniba]; ref.13 Psoralis pamba (Evans, 1955) TL: Ecuador M T Psoralis idee (Weeks, 1901) TL: Bolivia M T S Psoralis stacara (Schaus, 1902) iN M T S Psoralis magnamacus Grishin, 2023 Panama; ref.153 Psoralis sabina (Plötz, 1882) S Brazil; ref.13 iN M T S Psoralis laska (Evans, 1955) Brazil; ref.13 M T Psoralis arva (Evans, 1955) S Brazil; ref.13 iN M T Psoralis umbrata (Erschoff, 1876) iN M S L Psoralis calcarea (Schaus, 1902) Calcarea Skipper S Brazil; ref.13 iN Psoralis calcarea ponda (Evans, 1955) Costa Rica to Colombia M T S Psoralis calcarea calcarea (Schaus, 1902) Guianas, E & SE Brazil M T Psoralis visendus (E. Bell, 1942) Visendus Skipper Colombia, Ecuador; ref.13 iN M T Hermio hermione (Schaus, 1913) Hermione Skipper S Mexico (Chiapas) to Panama; ref.13 iN M T S L Hermio vina (Evans, 1955) Peru; ref.13 M T Alychna victa (Evans, 1955) Peru; ref.5 iN M S Alychna chulumani Medeiros, Dolibaina & O. Mielke, 2020 TL: Bolivia Alychna degener (Plötz, 1882) Ecuador; ref.5 iN M T S Alychna zenus (E. Bell, 1942) Ecuador; ref.5 M T Alychna ayonis Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Alychna exclamationis (Mabille, 1898) Peru, Bolivia; ref.5 iN M T S Alychna venta (Evans, 1955) Venezuela; ref.5 M T Alychna argenteus Medeiros, Dolibaina & Casagrande, 2020 TL: Peru Alychna gota (Evans, 1955) Colombia; ref.13 M T Zalomes E. Bell, 1947 Zalomes biforis (Weymer, 1890) iN M T S Zalomes naco Steinhauser, 1991 TL: Ecuador M T Zalomes cordillera (L. Miller & J. Miller, 1972) TL: Ecuador M T Zalomes allynorum (L. Miller & J. Miller, 1972) TL: Ecuador M T Zalomes merida Evans, 1955 TL: Venezuela M T Zalomes illimanensis Evans, 1955 iN M T Zalomes banco Steinhauser, 1991 TL: Ecuador M T Zalomes conspicua (Hayward, 1942) TL: Ecuador M S Zalomes coto Steinhauser, 1991 TL: Ecuador M T Zalomes wanda Evans, 1955 TL: Peru M T Wahydra Steinhauser, 1991 Wahydra tassa (Evans, 1955) [= Dalla curia] Colombia; ref.93 M T Wahydra nieblensis Steinhauser, 1991 TL: Ecuador M T Wahydra bella (Hayward, 1939) iN M S Wahydra thisbe (Hayward, 1942) iN M T S Wahydra ekka (Evans, 1955) iN M T Wahydra dores (E. Bell, 1959) iN M T Wahydra vola (Evans, 1955) TL: Peru M T Wahydra shueyi Carneiro, Henao, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015 Ecuador; ref.93 Wahydra cuzcona Grishin, 2023 Peru: Cuzco; ref.153 Wahydra kenava (A. Butler, 1870) iN M T S Wahydra curtis Henao, O. Mielke, Carneiro & Casagrande, 2015 Bolivia; ref.93 iN Wahydra mapiriensis Casagrande, Henao, Carneiro & O. Mielke, 2015 Bolivia; ref.93 Wahydra subhebetis Steinhauser, 1991 TL: Colombia M T Wahydra banios Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Wahydra trinitas Henao, O. Mielke, Carneiro & Casagrande, 2015 Colombia; ref.93 Wahydra carneiroi Henao, Gaviria & Salazar, 2017 Colombia; ref.94 Wahydra graslieae A. Warren, Carneiro & Dolibaina, 2018 Ecuador; ref.54 iN Adlerodea Hayward, 1940 Adlerodea lemba Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (Am) M T Adlerodea modesta Hayward, 1940 iN Adlerodea petrovna (Schaus, 1902) Petrovna Skipper S Mexico to S Brazil M T S Adlerodea asema (Mabille, 1891) Honduras Skipper Honduras; ref.13 iN M T G Adlerodea mineira O. Mielke, 1968 iN M T Adlerodea subpunctata (Hayward, 1940) ref.13 Adlerodea subpunctata subpunctata (Hayward, 1940) Argentina; ref.13 M T S Adlerodea subpunctata intermedia (de Jong, 1983) TL: Surinam M T Adlerodea subpunctata sempa (Evans, 1955) TL: Guyana M T S Mucia Godman, 1900 Mucia zygia (Plötz, 1886) Black-dotted Skipper E & W Mexico to Argentina iN M T S L Mucia rusta (Evans, 1955) ref.140 M T Ralis immaculatus (Hayward, 1940) [= concolor]; ref.5,13 M T Ralis coyana (Schaus, 1902) S Brazil; ref.5 M T Vinius Godman, 1900 Vinius phellus (Mabille, 1883) ref.20 M T S Vinius exilis (Plötz, 1883) iN M T S L Vinius letis (Plötz, 1883) iN M T S Vinius pulcherrimus Hayward, 1934 iN Vinius sagitta (Mabille, 1889) Sagitta Skipper Nicaragua to upper Amazon iN M T OI S Vinius sophistes (Dyar, 1918) Mexico; ref.20 M T Vinius tryhana (Kaye, 1914) Gold-washed Skipper iN Vinius tryhana tryhana (Kaye, 1914) E Mexico to Costa Rica, Guyana, Trinidad M T S L I G Vinius tryhana istria Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (Pr) M T Rhinthon Godman, 1900 Rhinthon osca (Plötz, 1882) Osca Skipper S TX (as stray); E & SW Mexico to Venezuela & Ecuador, Trinidad iN M T OI S L Rhinthon cubana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Cuban Skipper Greater Antilles iN M T S Rhinthon andricus (Mabille, 1895) S Brazil; ref.20 M S Rhinthon aqua (Evans, 1955) Colombia; ref.20 M S Rhinthon braesia (Hewitson, 1867) iN M T S Rhinthon molion (Godman, 1901) Blue-based Skipper E Mexico to Ecuador iN M T S HS L Rhinthon bajula (Schaus, 1902) S. Brazil; ref.13 iN M T S Cynea Evans, 1955 [includes Quinta and Nycea as subgenera]; ref.13 Cynea trimaculata (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Trimaculata Skipper Brazil iN M T S Cynea corisana (Plötz, 1882) Corsiana Skipper Nicaragua to Venezuela M S Cynea bistrigula (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Bistrigula Skipper Guianas, Venezuela, Brazil, Bolivia iN M T S Cynea nigricola H. Freeman, 1969 Nigricola Skipper S Mexico M T S Cynea megalops (Godman, 1900) Megalops Skipper [= Papias nigrans], E Mexico to Colombia & W Ecuador iN M T S1 S2 Cynea cynea (Hewitson, 1876) Cynea Skipper S Mexico to Venezuela & Brazil iN M T S1 S2 Cynea aureofimbra Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Cynea erebina (Möschler, 1879) [= hycsos] Colombia to Brazil; ref.153 Cynea erebina erebina (Mabille, 1891) Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador M T S Cynea erebina somba Evans, 1955 Brazil M T S Cynea quada Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Cynea cleochares (Mabille, 1891) Venezuela; ref.153 M T Cynea diluta (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Diluted Skipper [= osembo] S Mexico to S Brazil; ref.13 iN M T S Cynea anthracinus (Mabille, 1877) Anthracinus Skipper iN Cynea anthracinus anthracinus (Mabille, 1877) S Mexico, Guatemala M T S Cynea anthracinus holomelas (Mabille, 1891) Costa Rica to Peru, Guianas M T S Cynea cyrus (Plötz, 1882) Cyrus Skipper TL: Brazil (RJ) Cynea cyrus hippo Evans, 1955 Trinidad M T Cynea cyrus rhino Evans, 1955 French Guiana, Brazil (Amazonas), Peru (Iquitos) M T Cynea cyrus cyrus (Plötz, 1882) SE Brazil M T Cynea rope Grishin, 2022 Rope Skipper Nicaragua; ref.13 M T S Cynea iquita (E. Bell, 1941) Iquitos Skipper Peru (Iquitos), Brazil (Amazonas), Surinam M T S Cynea popla Evans, 1955 Popla Skipper Panama to S Brazil, Guianas, Trinidad iN M T1 T2 T3 S Cynea robba Evans, 1955 Robba Skipper TL: Guyana Cynea robba robba Evans, 1955 Guyana, Brazil (Maranham) M T Cynea robba nippa Evans, 1955 Brazil (Matto Grosso, DF, Amazonas) M T S Cynea melius (Geyer, 1832) Melius Skipper SE Brazil iN M T S L Cynea irma (Möschler, 1879) Fogged Skipper E Mexico to S Brazil iN M T S L Cynea achirae Grishin, 2023 [MX "cannae"] E & W Mexico; ref.153 M T Cynea cannae (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Canna Skipper El Salvador to Argentina; ref.13 iN M T S1 S2 L I Onophas Godman, 1900 Onophas columbaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1870) Blue-glossed Skipper iN Onophas columbaria columbaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1870) SE Mexico to Bolivia and C Brazil M T S L Onophas columbaria distigma E. Bell, 1930 TL: Brazil (SC) M T S Onophas columbaria flossites (M. Butler, 1874) TL: Brazil (Am) M T Onophas watsoni E. Bell, 1930 TL: Brazil (SC) M T S Chitta chittara (Schaus, 1902) S. Amer.; ref.5 M T Gufa Grishin, 2022 Gufa gulala (Schaus, 1902) Gulala Skipper Panama to Bolivia & S Brazil; ref.13 M T Gufa fusca (Hayward, 1940) S Brazil; ref.13 M T S Eutus amazonicus Grishin, 2023 Amazonian region; ref.153 Eutus incus Grishin, 2023 Peru: Cuzco; ref.153 Eutus yesta (Evans, 1955) Peru; ref.13 M T Eutus rastaca (Schaus, 1902) [= brema] S Brazil; ref.13 iN M T Eutus mubevensis (E. Bell, 1932) Paraguay; ref.13 iN M T S Eutus septemaculatus Grishin, 2023 Brazil; ref.153 Godmia chlorocephala (Godman, 1900) Green-headed Skipper Panama; ref.13 M T OI S Godmia viridicapita Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Thoon Godman, 1900 Thoon modius (Mabille, 1889) Moody Skipper E & W Mexico to upper Amazon and Bolivia iN M T OI S L Halotus Godman, 1900 Halotus angellus (Plötz, 1886) Angellus Skipper Costa Rica and Panama iN M T S L Halotus jonaveriorum Burns, 1992 John-and-Avery's Skipper W Mexico iN M T S L Ha Halotus rica (E. Bell, 1942) Costa Rican Skipper W Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S L Curva hyagnis (Godman, 1900) Hyagnis Skipper ref.16 iN Curva hyagnis hyagnis (Godman, 1900) E Mexico to Costa Rica M T S L Curva hyagnis meraca (Hayward, 1947) TL: Brazil Curva darienensis (Gaviria, Siewert, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2018) Panama; ref.39,123,16 Alerema Hayward, 1942 Alerema simplex (E. Bell, 1930) Simple Skipper W Mexico and Yucatan to Argentina; ref.13 M T S Crinifemur Steinhauser, 2008 Crinifemur viridans Steinhauser, 2008 Guyana; ref.122 iN M S Rhomba mirnae (Siewert, Nakamura & O. Mielke, 2014) Mesoamerica; ref.5,140 Rhomba gertschi (E. Bell, 1937) Gertsch's Skipper [= Psoralis panamensis] Panama; ref.123,13 M T Rhomba pulla Grishin, 2023 Peru:Cuzco; ref.153 Niconiades Hübner, [1821] Niconiades incomptus Austin, 1997 Half-tailed Skipper E & W Mexico to Costa Rica iN M S L Niconiades xanthaphes Hübner, [1821] Stub-tailed Skipper Panama to Uruguay and Paraguay iN M T S L Niconiades gladys Evans, 1955 iN Niconiades tina Nicolay, 1980 TL: Ecuador M T Niconiades yoka Evans, 1955 iN M S Niconiades cydia (Hewitson, 1876) iN M T Niconiades linga Evans, 1955 iN M T S Niconiades comitana H. Freeman, 1969 Comitana Skipper SE Mexico (Chiapas and Veracruz) iN M T S Niconiades victoria Grishin, 2023 E Mexico to Guatemala (at least); ref.153 M S L Niconiades nikko Hayward, 1948 Nikko Skipper Colombia to S Brazil and Paraguay iN M S L Niconiades loda Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (MG) Niconiades caeso (Mabille, 1891) iN M T Niconiades nabona Evans, 1955 iN M S Niconiades merenda (Mabille, 1878) iN M T Niconiades centralis O. Mielke, 1967 iN M T OI Niconiades bifurcus Anderson, 2008 Bifurcus Skipper Nicaragua; ref.56 M T Niconiades derisor (Mabille, 1891) Derisor Skipper [= vista] Oaxaca to Ecuador; ref.13 M T S Niconiades viridis (E. Bell, 1930) iN M T S Niconiades peri (Evans, 1955) Brazil (Pa); ref.13 iN M S Joanna Evans, 1955 Joanna boxi Evans, 1955 TL: Guyana M T Joanna joanna Evans, 1955 Joanna’s Skipper E & W Mexico to Panama iN M T S L Joanna clara Steinhauser, 2007 Clara’s Skipper TL: Brazil (RJ) M T Vinpeius Austin, 1997 Vinpeius tinga (Evans, 1955) Freeman's Skipper E Mexico to El Salvador, [Venezuela?] iN M T Pares viridiceps (Mabille, 1889) Panama; ref.13 M T OI Pares maritza (Nicolay, 1980) Maritza Skipper Panama to W Ecuador; ref.5 M T S Pares pares (E. Bell, 1959) Paraguay; ref.5 iN M T Bruna Evans, 1955 Bruna bruna Evans, 1955 TL: ? M T Paracarystus Godman, 1900 [= Punta]; ref.154 Paracarystus punta (Evans, 1955) ref.154 M T Paracarystus hypargyra (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Hypargyra Skipper SE Mexico to S Brazil iN M T S1 S2 L Paracarystus menestries (Latreille, [1824]) iN Paracarystus menestries rona (Hewitson, 1866) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S1 S2 IL Paracarystus menestries koza (A. Butler, 1870) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Paracarystus menestries menestries (Latreille, [1824]) TL: Brazil M T S Paracarystus evansi Hayward, 1938 iN M S Paracarystus ranka (Evans, 1955) Peru; ref.13 M T Viridina viridis (E. Bell, 1942) Ecuador; ref.5 M T Viridina viridenex (Weeks, 1901) Bolivia; ref.5 M S Viridina subviridis (Hayward, 1940) Ecuador; ref.5 M T Moeris Godman, 1900 Moeris striga (Geyer, 1832) iN M S Moeris seth O. Mielke, Carneiro & Casagrande, 2015 ref.52 iN Moeris menopis (Schaus, 1902) iN M T S Moeris strada Evans, 1955 iN M T1 T2 T3 Moeris stroma Evans, 1955 Flag Skipper E & W Mexico to Colombia iN M T1 T2 S L Moeris nut O. Mielke, Carneiro & Casagrande, 2015 ref.52 Moeris anna (Mabille, 1898) SE S. Amer; ref.5 iN M T S Tricrista canta (Evans, 1955) Colombia; ref.13 M T S Tricrista slopa (Evans, 1955) Guyana; ref.13 M T Tricrista advena (Draudt, 1923) ref.5 Tricrista advena advena (Draudt, 1923) TL: Brazil M T S G Tricrista advena jon (Nicolay, 1980) TL: Ecuador M T Tricrista roppai (O. Mielke, 1980) S Brazil; ref.5 M T Tricrista cristina (Evans, 1955) Colombia; ref.5 M T Tricrista crista (Evans, 1955) Venezuela; ref.5 M T Tricrista cristatus (E. Bell, 1930) S Brazil; ref.5 M T S Tricrista aethus (Hayward, 1951) Disjunct Skipper Nicaragua, Bolivia; ref.13 M T S IL Tricrista circellata (Plötz, 1882) S Brazil; ref.13 M T S Tricrista taxes (Godman, 1900) Taxes Skipper Costa Rica and Panama; ref.13 M T S Lancephallus Grishin, 2023 ref.153 Lancephallus purpurus Grishin, 2023 Venezuela & The Guianas; ref.153 M T Vettius Godman, 1901 Vettius pica (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Two-toned Skipper SE Mexico to upper Amazon; ref.154 M T S L Vettius lafrenaye (Latreille, [1824]) Brazil iN M T S Vettius triangularis (Hübner, [1831]) Triangular Skipper Panama to Guianas and Amazonas iN M S1 S2 Vettius richardi (Weeks, 1906) Richard's Skipper Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Ecuador iN M S IL Vettius monacha (Plötz, 1882) iN M T S Vettius jabesa (A. Butler, 1870) iN M T S Vettius crispa Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (Am) M T Vettius phyllus (Cramer, 1777) Phyllus Skipper iN Vettius phyllus phyllus (Cramer, 1777) [= marcus] Panama and Trinidad to C Brazil; ref.80 M T S1 S2 S3 L Vettius phyllus pura Evans, 1955 TL: Peru M T1 T2 L Vettius phyllus yunga Evans, 1955 TL: Bolivia M T Vettius prona Evans, 1955 S Brazil; ref.154 M T1 T2 S Vettius chagres Nicolay, 1973 Chagres Skipper Panama & Colombia M T S Vettius mitsuko Nakahara, Nakamura & MacDonald, 2020 Mitsuko Skipper Panama; ref.79 iN Tigasis Godman, 1900 [includes Arita]; ref.5 Tigasis wellingi (H. Freeman, 1969) Welling's Skipper S Mexico; ref.13 M T Tigasis arita (Schaus, 1902) Arita Skipper in S. Amer. to Argentina; ref.5 iN M T S1 S2 L Tigasis corope (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Corope Skipper SE & S Brazil; ref.13 M T S Tigasis zalates Godman, 1900 Zalates Skipper Costa Rica to Ecuador M T S Tigasis physcoa (Hewitson, 1868) TL: ? M T S Tigasis colomus (E. Bell, 1941) TL: Colombia M T Tigasis perloides (Plötz, 1882) S Brazil & Paraguay; ref.13 iN M T S Tigasis polistion (Schaus, 1902) iN M T Tigasis serra (Evans, 1955) iN M T S Inglorius Austin, 1997 Inglorius mediocris Austin, 1997 Mediocre Skipper Campeche, N Guatemala, Belize M S Gallio Evans, 1955 Gallio coda (Evans, 1955) [not Tigasis] Ecuador; ref.154 M T Gallio garima (Schaus, 1902) Trinidad; ref.13 iN M T S Gallio massarus (E. Bell, 1940) S Brazil; ref.13 M T S Gallio carasta (Schaus, 1902) S Brazil iN M T S Gallio imperatriz Carneiro, Dolibaina, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015 Brazil; ref.53 Gallio eti Carneiro, Dolibaina, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015 Brazil; ref.53 Gallio furtadoi Carneiro, Dolibaina, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015 Brazil; ref.53 Gallio seriatus (Mabille, 1891) Venezuela; ref.13 iN M T S Gallio danius (E. Bell, 1941) S Brazil; ref.13 M T S Gallio madius (E. Bell, 1941) S Brazil; ref.13 M T Mnasicles Godman, 1901 [includes Styriodes, Remella & Nausia as subgenera]; ref.13 Mnasicles dedecora (Plötz, 1882) Dedecora Skipper [= quaka], S Mexico to Ecuador; ref.13 M S Mnasicles quota (Evans, 1955) Guyana; ref.13 M T Mnasicles lyco (Schaus, 1913) Lyco Skipper Costa Rica to Colombia; ref.13 M T S Mnasicles browni (E. Bell, 1959) Brown's Skipper Costa Rica; ref.5,13 M T S L Mnasicles nausiphanes (Schaus, 1913) Cloud-forest Skipper W Mexico to Panama; ref.13 M T S L Mnasicles ecua Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Mnasicles remus (Fabricius, 1798) Black-spot Remella E & W Mexico to S Brazil & Paraguay; ref.13 iN M T S L Mnasicles duena (Evans, 1955) Guatemalan Remella S Mexico to Guatemala; ref.13 iN M T S L Mnasicles rita (Evans, 1955) Rita’s Remella E & W Mexico to Panama; ref.13 iN M T S L Mnasicles vopiscus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Cryptic Remella SE Mexico to N Brazil; ref.13 iN M T S L Mnasicles cusillunia (Weeks, 1901) Bolivia; ref.13 M S L Mnasicles geta Godman, 1901 Violet-frosted Skipper E Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S L Mnasicles hicetaon Godman, 1901 Gray Skipper W Mexico and Yucatan to Trinidad and Paraguay iN M T S Amblyscirtes Scudder, 1872 [includes Stomyles, Mastor, Amblyteria & Flor as subgenera]; ref.11,13 Amblyscirtes carolina (Skinner, 1892) Carolina Roadside-Skipper iN M T S L1 L2 G Amblyscirtes reversa F. Jones, 1926 Reversed Roadside-Skipper iN M T S HS L Amblyscirtes aesculapius (Fabricius, 1793) Lace-winged Roadside-Skipper iN M S L1 L2 L3 L4 G Amblyscirtes hegon (Scudder, 1863) Pepper and Salt Skipper E US iN M S L1 L2 L3 Amblyscirtes nemoris (W. H. Edwards, 1864) E US; ref.150 M L1 L2 I Ha G Amblyscirtes gelidus Grishin, Patterson & Pavulaan, 2023 MI & WV for now; ref.150 M S Amblyscirtes matheri Patterson, Pavulaan & Grishin, 2023 SE US; ref.150 Amblyscirtes nysa W. H. Edwards, 1877 Nysa Roadside-Skipper iN M T S L1 L2 G Amblyscirtes alternata (Grote & Robinson, 1867) Dusky Roadside-Skipper [= asella] SE US; ref.13 iN M T S L1 L2 G Amblyscirtes vialis (W. H. Edwards, 1862) Common Roadside-Skipper iN M T S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 I G Amblyscirtes linda H. Freeman, 1943 Linda's Roadside-Skipper iN M T1 T2 T3 S L1 L2 L3 Ha G Amblyscirtes aenus W. H. Edwards, 1878 Bronze Roadside-Skipper iN Amblyscirtes aenus erna H. Freeman, 1943 NE Mexico M T1 T2 S HS L Amblyscirtes aenus aenus W. H. Edwards, 1878 TL: USA (Co) M T S G Amblyscirtes aenus megamacula Scott, 1998 NW Mexico M S HS L1 L2 I Amblyscirtes aeratus Grishin, 2023 SW Mexico; ref.153 M T Amblyscirtes fluonia Godman, 1900 Brassy Roadside-Skipper iN M T S L Amblyscirtes cassus W. H. Edwards, 1883 Cassus Roadside-Skipper iN M T S L1 L2 I G Amblyscirtes texanae E. Bell, 1927 Texas Roadside-Skipper iN M T1 T2 S L I G Amblyscirtes belli H. Freeman, 1941 Bell's Roadside-Skipper iN M T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 S HS L1 L2 L3 G Amblyscirtes celia Skinner, 1895 Celia’s Roadside-Skipper iN M T S1 S2 L1 L2 I Ha G Amblyscirtes tolteca Scudder, 1872 Toltec Roadside-Skipper iN Amblyscirtes tolteca tolteca Scudder, 1872 S TX (as stray), E & W Mexico to Nicaragua M S L Amblyscirtes tolteca prenda Evans, 1955 SE AZ, far NW Mexico M S L1 L2 I Amblyscirtes nereus (W. H. Edwards, 1876) Slaty Roadside-Skipper iN M T S HS L1 L2 I G Amblyscirtes eos (W. H. Edwards, 1871) Dotted Roadside-Skipper iN M T S L1 L2 I G Amblyscirtes arizonae H. Freeman, 1993 Elissa Roadside-Skipper USA (Az) to NW Mexico; ref.11 iN M T S L1 L2 I Amblyscirtes elissa Godman, 1900 Elissa Roadside-Skipper SW Mexico; ref.11 iN M S L Ha Amblyscirtes oslari (Skinner, 1899) Oslar’s Roadside-Skipper iN M T S L1 L2 G Amblyscirtes brocki H. Freeman, 1992 Brock’s Roadside-Skipper TL: Mexico (Son) Amblyscirtes brocki brocki H. Freeman, 1992 TL: Mexico (Son) M T S L Amblyscirtes brocki Southern segregate , M T S L1 L2 Amblyscirtes exoteria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Large Roadside-Skipper iN Amblyscirtes exoteria exoteria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) TL: ? M T S L1 L2 I G Amblyscirtes exoteria Southern segregate , M S L Ha Amblyscirtes phylace (W. H. Edwards, 1878) Orange-headed Roadside-Skipper iN M T S L I H G Amblyscirtes fimbriata (Plötz, 1882) Orange-edged Roadside-Skipper iN Amblyscirtes fimbriata fimbriata (Plötz, 1882) TL: Mexico M T S L1 L2 I G Amblyscirtes fimbriata pallida H. Freeman, 1993 TL: Mexico (Mex) M T L Ha Amblyscirtes anubis (Godman, 1900) Half-edged Roadside-Skipper iN M T S L Amblyscirtes chrysoplea Grishin, 2023 SW Mexico; ref.153 Amblyscirtes chrysomisa Grishin, 2023 S Mexico; ref.153 M T Amblyscirtes repta (Evans, 1955) W Mexico; ref.153 M T Amblyscirtes novimmaculatus A. Warren, 1998 Immaculate Roadside-Skipper SW Mexico; ref.111 iN M T L Ha Amblyscirtes patriciae (E. Bell, 1959) Patricia’s Roadside-Skipper TL: Guatemala M T S Amblyscirtes raphaeli H. Freeman, 1973 Giant Roadside-Skipper TL: Mexico (Oax) M T S G Amblyscirtes folia Godman, 1900 Larger Roadside-Skipper iN M T S L I Ha Amblyscirtes meridus Grishin, 2023 E Mexico to Belize & Nicaragua; ref.153 M T Amblyscirtes florus (Godman, 1900) False Roadside-Skipper W & SW Mexico; ref.13 iN M T S L I Vidius Evans, 1955 Vidius fraus (Godman, 1900) Frosty-banded Skipper E Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.13 iN M T S L Vidius dagon (Evans, 1955) [= felus]; ref.140 M T S Vidius catocala (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) [= dorpa]; ref.140 iN M T S Vidius pompeoides Grishin, 2022 Amazonian region; ref.16 M T Vidius vidius (Mabille, 1891) iN M T S Vidius similis O. Mielke, 1980 iN M T S Vidius cocalus (Hayward, 1939) [= prado]; ref.140 iN M T S Vidius obscurior (Hayward, 1934) Argentina; ref.140 Vidius tanna (de Jong, 1983) Suriname; ref.151 M T Rectava nostra (Evans, 1955) Brazil iN Rectava nostra nostra (Evans, 1955) Brazil (Pa); ref.13 M T Rectava nostra roraimae (O. Mielke & Casagrande, 1992) Brazil (Rr); ref.13 M T Rectava vorgia (Schaus, 1902) Brazil (Pr); ref.13 iN M T S Rectava chiriquensis Grishin, 2023 Panama; ref.153 Rectava ignarus (E. Bell, 1932) Bolivia; ref.13 iN M T L Rectava sobrinus (Schaus, 1902) S Brazil; ref.13 M T S Rectava cascatona (O. Mielke, 1992) Brazil; ref.140 M T OI Cobalopsis Godman, 1900 Cobalopsis zetus (E. Bell, 1942) Mexico; ref.13 M T Cobalopsis autumna (Plötz, 1882) Autumna Skipper SE Mexico to S Brazil iN M T S Cobalopsis nero (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Nero Skipper [= zetus], E & S Mexico to S Brazil & Paraguay iN M T S1 S2 L Cobalopsis similis O. Mielke, 1989 TL: Brazil (Ma) M T Cobalopsis monotona O. Mielke, 1989 TL: Brazil (MG) M T Cobalopsis valerius (Möschler, 1879) [= miaba, Evans' "valerius" is ancus] Costa Rica to S Brazil & P ...; ref.13 iN M T S1 S2 Cobalopsis dictys (Godman, 1900) Bottom-spotted Skipper E & S Mexico to Ecuador; ref.13 iN M T S1 S2 L Cobalopsis adictys Grishin, 2023 Costa Rica & Panama; ref.153 Artonia artona (Hewitson, 1868) White-veined Skipper Nicaragua to S Brazil; ref.5 iN M T S L Lurida lurida (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) ref.5 iN M T S Lurida zama (Hayward, 1939) Argentina; ref.140 iN M S Corra conka (Evans, 1955) Silver-plated Skipper S Mexico to Panama Corra conka argentus (H. Freeman, 1969) S Mexico to El Salvador, at least; ref.140 M T S L Ha Corra conka conka (Evans, 1955) S Mexico to Panama M T1 T2 S L Corra catargyra (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) ref.140 M T S Corra coryna (Hewitson, 1866) Silver-plated Skipper ref.140 iN M T S L Corra xanthus (O. Mielke, 1989) Brazil; ref.140 M T Nastra Evans, 1955 [includes Rayia as subgenus]; ref.16 Nastra celeus (Mabille, 1891) ref.13 iN Nastra celeus celeus (Mabille, 1891) ref.13 M T S Nastra celeus ochraceus (Biezanko & O. Mielke, 1973) TL: Brazil (RS) M T Nastra celeus vetus (O. Mielke, 1969) TL: Brazil (Pr) M T Nastra ethologus (Hayward, 1934) iN M S Nastra chao (Mabille, 1898) iN M T S Nastra nappa (Evans, 1955) Brazil; ref.13 M T S Nastra leucone (Godman, 1900) Leucone Skipper E Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S L Nastra subsordida (Mabille, 1891) Three-dotted Skipper [= trimaculata] Honduras to Panama; ref.13 M T S Nastra leuconoides (Lindsey, 1925) Peru; ref.16 M S Nastra lherminier (Latreille, [1824]) Swarthy Skipper E USA: KS to TX, E to FL, NJ, CT iN M S1 S2 L1 L2 L3 Ha G Nastra fusca (Grote & Robinson, 1867) Neamathla Skipper [= neamathla] SE USA (FL, TX), NOT in Mexico or Central America; ref.16 iN M T S L G Nastra julia (H. Freeman, 1945) Julia’s Skipper [= hoffmanni], far SW USA, C & S TX, E & W Mexico to C. Rica iN M T S L1 L2 I Nastra perigenes (Godman, 1900) Pale-rayed Skipper S TX, E & W Mexico to Colombia; ref.10,16 iN M T S L Nastra dryas (Hayward, 1940) Paraguay, Argentina & S Brazil iN Lerodea Scudder, 1872 Lerodea erythrostictus (Prittwitz, 1868) iN M T S Lerodea gracia Dyar, 1913 iN M T Lerodea emba Evans, 1955 TL: Peru M S Lerodea sonex Grishin, 2022 [= Evans' "xenos"] Peru iN M T Lerodea eufala (W. H. Edwards, 1869) Eufala Skipper iN Lerodea eufala eufala (W. H. Edwards, 1869) S & C CA, to S NM, C & S TX-OK to VA-FL (strays N); to Argent. M T S L1 L2 I1 I2 G Lerodea eufala concepcionis (Strand, 1921) TL: Chile M T Lerodea arabus (W. H. Edwards, 1882) Violet-clouded Skipper S AZ & NW Mexico (incl. BCS); ref.146 iN M S1 S2 L Ha G Lerodea dysaules Godman, 1900 Olive-clouded Skipper [not arabus!] S TX to Costa Rica, W to MX: Sonora; ref.146 M S L Lerodea casta Hayward, 1942 TL: Ecuador Lerodea williamsi Hayward, 1942 TL: Ecuador Fidius fido (Evans, 1955) Brazil; ref.5 M T S Fidius ochraceus (O. Mielke, 1980) Brazil; ref.5,140 M T Cymaenes Scudder, 1872 Cymaenes tripunctus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Three-spotted Skipper iN Cymaenes tripunctus tripunctus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) S FL, Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, etc. M T S L1 L2 G Cymaenes tripunctus theogenis (Capronnier, 1874) Chiapas to S Brazil & Paraguay M T OI S1 S2 Cymaenes lepta (Hayward, 1939) iN M S Cymaenes isus (Godman, 1900) Fawn-spotted Skipper [= Evans' "trebius"] SE AZ (rare stray), S TX, E & W MX to Co ...; ref.13,16 iN M T S Ma L1 L2 L3 L4 Cymaenes edata (Plötz, 1882) Venezuela; ref.13 M S Cymaenes melaporphyrus Grishin, 2023 Mexico to Guatemala (at least); ref.153 M S Cymaenes laureolus (Schaus, 1913) Laureolus Skipper Costa Rica to Ecuador M T S Cymaenes lochius (Plötz, 1882) [Evans' "lochius" is Lerema lucius] Venezuela (at least); ref.13 M TI Cymaenes loxa Evans, 1955 Brazil; ref.13 M T1 T2 Cymaenes albiventris O. Mielke, 1992 TL: Brazil (Ma) Cymaenes albiventris albiventris O. Mielke, 1992 TL: Brazil (Ma) M T Cymaenes albiventris capixaba O. Mielke, 1992 TL: Brazil (ES) M T OI Cymaenes uruba (Plötz, 1886) iN Cymaenes uruba uruba (Plötz, 1886) TL: Brazil M T S Cymaenes uruba taberi (Weeks, 1901) TL: Bolivia M T S G Cymaenes alumna (A. Butler, 1877) Alumna Skipper SE Mexico to Bolivia & S Brazil iN M T S1 S2 L Cymaenes chapa O. Mielke, 1968 TL: Brazil (DF) M T Cymaenes cavalla Evans, 1955 iN M T S Cymaenes tripunctata (Latreille, [1824]) iN M T S Cymaenes macintyrei (Hayward, 1939) ref.140 M S Cymaenes idria Evans, 1955 iN M T Cymaenes gisca Evans, 1955 iN M T1 T2 T3 S L Cymaenes laza O. Mielke, 1968 iN M T Cymaenes mabillei (Giacomelli, 1911) iN M S Cymaenes riba O. Mielke, 1968 TL: Brazil (DF) M T Cymaenes chela Evans, 1955 TL: Venezuela M T S Cymaenes finca Cock, 1985 TL: Trinidad M T Cymaenes modestus (Hayward, 1943) TL: Peru M S Cymaenes incomptus (Hayward, 1934) ref.140 iN Cymaenes catarinae (O. Mielke, 1989) ref.140 M T Cymaenes lumina (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Misnamed Skipper [= odilia, = trebius, =corescene] S. Amer.; ref.13,16 iN M T S Cymaenes aequatoria (Hayward, 1940) Ecuador; ref.13 M T S Cymaenes miqua (Dyar, 1913) Peru; ref.13 M T Cymaenes psyllus (Mabille, 1898) TL: Bolivia M T S Cymaenes jamba Evans, 1955 TL: Argentina M T Monca Evans, 1955 Monca jera (Godman, 1900) Jera Skipper SW Mexico: MICH & MOR to CHIS iN M T S Monca crispinus (Plötz, 1882) Violet-patched Skipper [= tyrtaeus], S TX, E & W Mexico to Colombia iN M T S L Monca telata (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Telata Skipper Belize, Guatemala to Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago iN M T S L Monca penda Evans, 1955 iN M T S Monca branca Evans, 1955 iN M T Monca ornata (Hayward, 1940) iN M S Troyus A. Warren & Turland, 2012 ref.112,10 Troyus turneri A. Warren & Turland, 2012 Turner's Skipper Jamaica; ref.112 M T L Ha G Troyus fabulosus Grishin, 2023 Fabulous Skipper S TX (sporadic), E & W Mexico to Honduras; ref.19 M S L1 L2 Troyus fantasos (Cramer, 1780) Fantastic Skipper Costa Rica to Paraguay; ref.10,19 iN M S Troyus onaca (Evans, 1955) Onaca Skipper SE Mexico to El Salvador; ref.10 iN M T1 T2 T3 S L Troyus aurelius (Plötz, 1882) Aurelius Skipper Guatemala to C Brazil; ref.10 iN M S L Troyus phyllides (Röber, 1925) Ex-marcus Skipper [formerly marcus] S Mexico (Chia) to Argentina; ref.80 iN M T S1 S2 L Troyus diversa (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) ref.10 iN Troyus diversa maeon (Mabille, 1891) Nicaragua to Colombia M T S Troyus diversa lyrcea (Plötz, 1882) TL: Brazil M S Troyus diversa donga (Evans, 1955) TL: Peru M T Troyus diversa drona (Evans, 1955) TL: Bolivia M T Troyus diversa diversa (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) TL: ? M S L Troyus drova (Evans, 1955) Ecuador; ref.10 iN M T L Lerema Scudder, 1872 [includes Morys and Geia as subgenera]; ref.13 Lerema pattenii Scudder, 1872 Overcast Skipper [= Evans' "lumina", = bipunctata] Mexico to Colombia; ref.13 iN M T OI OD S Lerema accius (J. E. Smith, 1797) Clouded Skipper SE USA (strays N); ref.19 iN M T S HS L1 L2 G Lerema ochrius Grishin, 2023 Ocherous Skipper SE AZ, S NM, W & S TX and MX (at least); ref.19 M T S Ma L1 L2 L3 I1 I2 Lerema liris Evans, 1955 Liris Skipper E & W Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T1 T2 S L I H Lerema ancillaris (A. Butler, 1877) Plain skipper Costa Rica and Trinidad to upper Amazon iN M T S Lerema lucius Grishin, 2022 Lucius Skipper [= Evans' "lochius"] W & E Mexico to Venezuela; ref.13 iN M T S Lerema lineosa (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) [= aethra]; ref.13 M T S Lerema micythus (Godman, 1900) Micythus Skipper S & E Mexico to Colombia and Ecuador iN M T S L Lerema ecuadorica Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Lerema compta (A. Butler, 1877) iN M T S Lerema venias (E. Bell, 1942) Venezuela; ref.13 M T Lerema sinta (Evans, 1955) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Lerema sobra (O. Mielke, 1968) TL: Brazil (DF) M T Lerema subgrisea (Mabille, 1898) iN Lerema subgrisea prada (Evans, 1955) TL: Venezuela M T Lerema subgrisea paradoxa (de Jong, 1983) TL: Surinam M T Lerema subgrisea subgrisea (Mabille, 1898) TL: Bolivia M T S Lerema valda (Evans, 1955) Valda Skipper E & W Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.13 iN M T S Lerema ancus (Möschler, 1879) [= Evans' "valerius"]; ref.13 iN M T S Lerema lyde (Godman, 1900) Violet-studded Skipper S & E Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S L I Lerema geisa (Möschler, 1879) Geisa Skipper Costa Rica to Colombia; ref.13 iN M T S1 S2 Lerema etelka (Schaus, 1902) Trinidad to Argentina; ref.13 M T Lerema yahua (Evans, 1955) TL: Peru M T Contrastia Grishin, 2022 ref.13 Contrastia distigma (Plötz, 1882) ref.13 iN M T S Vehilius Godman, 1900 Vehilius labdacus (Godman, 1900) [formely a synonym of inca] N. & C. Amer.; ref.13 M T S L Vehilius inca (Scudder, 1872) Inca Skipper [= xenos, Evans' "xenos" is sonex] C. Amer. to Argentina; ref.13 iN M T S1 S2 Vehilius barrosi O. Mielke, 1968 TL: Brazil (MG) M T Vehilius stictomenes (A. Butler, 1877) iN Vehilius stictomenes illudens (Mabille, 1891) E & W Mexico to Panama M T S L1 L2 Vehilius stictomenes stictomenes (A. Butler, 1877) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S1 S2 Vehilius stictomenes madra Evans, 1955 TL: Ecuador M T S Vehilius putus E. Bell, 1941 TL: Peru M T Vehilius vetula (Mabille, 1878) Vetula Skipper Nicaragua to Bolivia iN M T S HS L Vehilius major de Jong, 1983 TL: Surinam M T Vehilius clavicula (Plötz, 1884) iN M T S Vehilius spitzi (O. Mielke, 1967) ref.140 M OI Vehilius gorta Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (Go) M T Vehilius tanta (Evans, 1955) ref.140 M T Vehilius campestris (O. Mielke, 1980) ref.140 iN M T Vehilius warreni (Weeks, 1901) Bolivia; ref.13 iN M S Vehilius jabre Medeiros, Souza & Kerpel, 2023 NE Brazil; ref.147 Vehilius tinta (Evans, 1955) ref.140 M T Vehilius limae (Lindsey, 1925) Peru; ref.13 iN M T S Papias Godman, 1900 [includes Mnasilus]; ref.13 Papias integra (Mabille, 1891) S Mexico to Venezuela; ref.13 M T S1 S2 L Papias subcostulata (Herrich-Schäffer, 1870) Jungle Skipper in S. Amer. to S Brazil & Paraguay; ref.13 iN M S Papias latonia (Schaus, 1913) Latonia Skipper Costa Rica and Panama; ref.13 M T S L Papias microsema Godman, 1900 Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.16 M T S Papias phainis Godman, 1900 Somber Skipper SE Mexico to Peru and Uruguay iN M T S1 S2 Papias projectus E. Bell, 1942 TL: Ecuador M T Papias monus E. Bell, 1942 ref.16 M T Papias unicolor (Hayward, 1938) ref.16 Papias quigua Evans, 1955 TL: Venezuela M T S Papias allubita (A. Butler, 1877) Butler's Skipper E & W Mexico to S Brazil & Paraguay; ref.13 iN M T S L Papias amyrna (Mabille, 1891) [= guianae] S. Amer.; ref.13,16 M T S Veadda veadeira (O. Mielke, 1968) Brazil; ref.5 M OI OD G Duroca caraca (O. Mielke, 1992) Brazil; ref.140 M T Duroca duroca (Plötz, 1882) S. Brazil iN M T S HS L Duroca lenta (Evans, 1955) S. Brazil; ref.140 M T Saturnus Evans, 1955 Saturnus fartuga (Schaus, 1902) S Brazil; ref.13 M T S Saturnus jaguar (Steinhauser, 2008) Steinhauser's Skipper Guyana, Nicaragua; ref.122,16 M T Saturnus metonidia (Schaus, 1902) S Brazil iN M T S Saturnus saturnus (Fabricius, 1787) iN Saturnus saturnus saturnus (Fabricius, 1787) TL: French Guiana M S Saturnus saturnus servus Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (Pr) M T Saturnus obscurus (E. Bell, 1941) Bell's Skipper E & S Mexico to Panama; ref.153 M T S L Saturnus obscurior Grishin, 2023 Costa Rica & Panama; ref.153 Saturnus reticulata (Plötz, 1883) Venezuela & Trinidad (at least) iN M T S Saturnus tiberius (Möschler, 1883) ref.153 Saturnus tiberius tiberius (Möschler, 1883) TL: Surinam M T S Saturnus tiberius suffuscus (Hayward, 1940) ref.153 M S Saturnus meton (Mabille, 1891) ref.153 M T S Saturnus conspicuus (E. Bell, 1941) ref.153 M T S L Parphorus Godman, 1900 Parphorus kadeni (Evans, 1955) tentatively in Parphorus, possibly from Venezuela M T Parphorus hermieri Grishin, 2022 Amazonian region; ref.16 Parphorus harpe (Steinhauser, 2008) Peru; ref.122,16 iN Parphorus decora (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Decora Skipper SE Mexico to S Brazil iN M T S1 S2 L Parphorus felta Evans, 1955 iN M T Parphorus granta Evans, 1955 Granta Skipper Panama M T IL Parphorus oca Evans, 1955 Oca Skipper Panama to Peru M T S Parphorus prosper Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Parphorus pseudecorus (Hayward, 1934) iN M S Parphorus storax (Mabille, 1891) Storax Skipper iN Parphorus storax storax (Mabille, 1891) SE Mexico to S Brazil M T S L Parphorus storax sorra Evans, 1955 TL: Ecuador M T1 T2 Picova incompta (Hayward, 1942) Ecuador; ref.13 M T Picova steinbachi (E. Bell, 1930) Bolivia; ref.13 M T S Cantha Evans, 1955 Cantha matuta (Plötz, 1886) TL: ? Cantha calva Evans, 1955 iN M T Cantha zara (E. Bell, 1941) TL: Bolivia M T Cantha zoirodicta Grishin, 2023 Amazonian Peru and Brazil; ref.153 Cantha meiodicta Grishin, 2023 Amazonian Peru and Brazil; ref.153 Cantha eteocla (Plötz, 1882) Eteocla Skipper Costa Rica to Argentina; ref.140 M T S Cantha buriti (O. Mielke, 1968) Brazil; ref.140 M T Cantha roraimae (E. Bell, 1932) Roraima Skipper Chiapas and Belize to N Brazil M T S Cantha honor Evans, 1955 iN M T Cantha ivea Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (SC) M T S Haza hazarma (Hewitson, 1877) SE S. Amer.; ref.5 iN M T S Vistigma Hayward, 1939 Vistigma bryanti (Weeks, 1906) Trinidad, Venezuela; ref.13 iN M S Vistigma subviridis (Plötz, 1886) S Brazil; ref.13 Vistigma xanthobasis Hayward, 1939 Argentina; ref.13 iN M S Vistigma virgo (Evans, 1955) Brazil; ref.13 M T Vistigma vira (A. Butler, 1870) Brazil; ref.13 M T S Vistigma opus (Steinhauser, 2008) Opus Skipper Nicaragua, Guyana; ref.122,13 M T Gemmia Brockmann & Grishin, 2022 ref.41 Gemmia buechei Brockmann & Grishin, 2022 Peru; ref.41 M T Phlebodes Hübner, [1819] Phlebodes confixa (A. Butler, 1877) TL: Brazil (Am) M T S Phlebodes meesi de Jong, 1983 TL: Surinam M T S Phlebodes notex Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (Am) M T Phlebodes pertinax (Stoll, 1781) TL: Surinam M T S Phlebodes sameda (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) TL: ? M T S Phlebodes sifax Evans, 1955 Sifax Skipper Chiapas, Belize, Costa Rica to Guianas, Amazon Basin; ref.153 M T S L Phlebodes duplex Grishin, 2023 Guatemala; ref.153 Phlebodes campo (E. Bell, 1947) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T S Phlebodes fuldai (E. Bell, 1930) ref.13 iN M T S Phlebodes yalta (Evans, 1955) S Brazil; ref.154 M T S Phlebodes torax Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (RJ) M T Dubia dubia (E. Bell, 1932) Brazil; ref.5 iN M T S Mnasitheus Godman, 1900 Mnasitheus cephoides Hayward, 1943 Cephoides Skipper Belize to S Brazil M S IL G Mnasitheus chrysophrys (Mabille, 1891) Chrysophrys Skipper SE Mexico to S Brazil & Paraguay iN M T OI S Mnasitheus nella Evans, 1955 iN M T S Mnasitheus padus (Evans, 1955) Peru; ref.13 iN M T Mnasitheus forma Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Mnasitheus nitra Evans, 1955 Nitra Skipper W Mexico, Guatemala, Belize to S Brazil iN M T S Mnasitheus submetallescens (Hayward, 1940) iN M S Mnasitheus sucova (Schaus, 1902) Sucova Skipper [= Cynea fista], Chiapas to S Brazil; ref.13 iN M T S Mnasitheus strandi Biezanko & O. Mielke, 1973 TL: Brazil (RS) M T Naevolus Hemming, 1939 Naevolus orius (Mabille, 1883) Orius Skipper E & W Mexico to S Brazil iN M T S L Naevolus naevus Evans, 1955 Ecuador; ref.13 M T Naevolus brunnescens (Hayward, 1939) Ecuador; ref.13 M S Sodalia Evans, 1955 Sodalia argyrospila (Mabille, 1877) iN M T S L Sodalia sodalis (A. Butler, 1877) Sodalis Skipper Nicaragua to S Brazil M T S Sodalia coler (Schaus, 1902) iN M T S Sodalia petiti Gaviria-Ortiz, Dolibaina & A. Warren, 2020 Ecuador; ref.40 Metiscus Godman, 1900 Metiscus atheas Godman, 1900 [= Evans' "achelous", = matheri] Mexico to Colombia; ref.13 iN M T S L Metiscus goth Grishin, 2022 [= Evans' "infuscata"] Costa Rica; ref.13,16 Metiscus angularis (Möschler, 1877) [= astur] C. & S. Amer.; ref.42,13 M T S Metiscus ester (Lemes, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020) Brazil; ref.42 Lychnuchus Hübner, [1831] [includes Enosis]; ref.13 Lychnuchus ponka (Evans, 1955) Amazonian region; ref.153 M T Lychnuchus blotta (Evans, 1955) Trinidad; ref.13 M T Lychnuchus demon (Evans, 1955) Peru; ref.13 M T1 T2 Lychnuchus immaculata (Hewitson, 1868) Immaculata Skipper SE Mexico to Ecuador and Peru; ref.13 iN M T S L Lychnuchus aphilos (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) ref.13 iN M T S Lychnuchus valle Grishin, 2023 W Colombia; ref.153 Lychnuchus topo (Nicolay, 1980) Ecuador; ref.13 M T Lychnuchus blenda (Evans, 1955) Brazil (Am) M T Lychnuchus dognini (Mabille, 1889) Ecuador; ref.13 iN M T S Lychnuchus celsus (Fabricius, 1793) iN M S Mit Grishin, 2022 [includes Rotundia as subgenus]; ref.13 Mit gemignanii (Hayward, 1940) Argentina; ref.13 M T S Mit badius (E. Bell, 1930) Bolivia; ref.13 M T S Mit schausi (O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2002) S Brazil; ref.13 iN M T S Eutychide Godman, 1900 Eutychide paria (Plötz, 1882) Gold-dot Skipper SE Mexico to Colombia and upper Amazon M S Eutychide ochus Godman, 1900 Ochus Skipper SE Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.153 M T S Eutychide ochoides Grishin, 2023 Ecuador & Peru; ref.153 Eutychide rogersi (Kaye, 1914) [= Evans' "subcordata"] broadly in Amazonian region; ref.153 iN M T Eutychide subcordata (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) [= olympia] SE & S Brazil; ref.153 M S Eutychide complana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Compliant Skipper E Mexico to Bolivia and upper Amazon iN M T S L Eutychide physcella (Hewitson, 1866) iN M T S Dion Godman, 1901 Dion iccius (Evans, 1955) Guyana; ref.13 M T Dion gemmatus (A. Butler, 1872) Gemmed Skipper Costa Rica and Panama iN M T S L Dion carmenta (Hewitson, 1870) iN Dion carmenta carmenta (Hewitson, 1870) TL: Ecuador M T L Dion carmenta acraea (Plötz, 1882) TL: Colombia M T Dion carmenta caucana Salazar & Vargas, [2017] Colombia; ref.91 Dion carmenta coma Evans, 1955 TL: Ecuador Dion meda Hewitson, 1877 iN M T S Dion bora Grishin, 2023 El Salvador to Panama; ref.153 M S Dion occida Grishin, 2023 Venezuela, Peru, & Bolivia (at least); ref.153 M S L Dion agassus (Mabille, 1891) Amazonian; ref.13,20 M T S L Dion uza (Hewitson, 1877) [= pruinosa] SE & S Brazil; ref.13,20 iN M T S Venas Evans, 1955 Venas caerulans (Mabille, 1878) iN M T S Venas evans (A. Butler, 1877) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Eprius Godman, 1901 [includes Repens as a subgenus]; ref.13 Eprius veleda (Godman, 1901) Veleda Skipper E Mexico to Panama iN M T S Eprius veledinus Grishin, 2023 S America; ref.153 Eprius obrepta (Kivirikko, 1936) Argentina & Brazil; ref.140 M T Eprius repens (Evans, 1955) S Brazil; ref.13 M T Eprius penna (Evans, 1955) Brazil; ref.13,140 M T Eprius planus (Weeks, 1901) Bolivia; ref.13,140 M T S Peba O. Mielke, 1968 Peba verames (Schaus, 1902) iN M T Radiatus O. Mielke, 1968 Radiatus panamensis Grishin, 2023 Panama; ref.153 Radiatus bradus O. Mielke, 1968 iN M OI Lattus arabupuana (E. Bell, 1932) Brazil; ref.13 M T Lattus minor (O. Mielke, 1967) Brazil; ref.140 M T OI Tarmia Lindsey, 1925 Tarmia monastica Lindsey, 1925 TL: Peru M S Tarmia greeneyi A. Warren, Medeiros, Dolibaina & O. Mielke , 2019 Peru; ref.44 Panca Evans, 1955 Panca subpunctuli (Hayward, 1934) iN M S Panca moseri Dolibaina, Carneiro & O. Mielke, 2017 Brazil; ref.48,45 iN Panca acroleuca (Plötz, 1884) Brazil; ref.45 M S Panca mirnae (O. Mielke, Dolibaina, Carneiro & A. Warren, 2015) Brazil; ref.47,45 Panca mictra (Evans, 1955) Brazil; ref.45 M T Panca paulo (E. Bell, 1932) Brazil; ref.45 M T Panca puri Medeiros, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 Brazil; ref.45 Panca xavante Medeiros, O. Mielke & Dolibaina, 2020 Brazil; ref.45 Panca satyr (Evans, 1955) Brazil; ref.45 iN M T S Panca tobiasi (O. Mielke, 1992) Brazil; ref.45 M T Panca trogon (Evans, 1955) ref.45 iN M T1 T2 Panca steinhauseri (Dolibaina & A. Warren, 2015) ref.47,45 iN Panca fiedleri (Carneiro, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015) Konrad's Skipper Brazil (MG, RJ); ref.51,140 iN Ginungagapus Carneiro, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015 ref.51 Ginungagapus schmithi (E. Bell, 1930) iN M T S Ginungagapus awarreni Carneiro, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015 Andy's Skipper Brazil (Ba, MG); ref.51 Ginungagapus bocus (E. Bell, 1947) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T S Ginungagapus tangerinii Carneiro, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015 Tangerini's Skipper Brazil (MG, RJ); ref.51 Ginungagapus ranesus (Schaus, 1902) iN M T S Lucida Evans, 1955 Lucida oebasus (Godman, 1900) Mottled Skipper Costa Rica to Ecuador; ref.13 M T S L Lucida melitaea (Draudt, 1923) Colombia; ref.13 M T G Lucida scopas (Mabille, 1891) Venezuela; ref.13 M T S L Lucida leopardus (Weeks, 1901) Bolivia; ref.13 M S Lucida lucia (Capronnier, 1874) S Brazil; ref.13 iN M T S Eutocus Godman, 1901 Eutocus fosca (Evans, 1955) Brazil; ref.140 M T Eutocus rogan (Evans, 1955) Brazil; ref.140 M T Eutocus brasilia (Carneiro, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2015) Brasilia Skipper Brazil (DF); ref.51,140 Eutocus minimus E. Bell, 1940 TL: Peru M T Eutocus facilis (Plötz, 1884) Facilis Skipper S Mexico to Ecuador and Bolivia iN M T S L Eutocus quichua (Lindsey, 1925) iN M T S Eutocus fabulinus (Plötz, 1884) TL: Surinam M S Eutocus vetulus (Mabille, 1883) Vetulus Skipper Nicaragua to Argentina iN Eutocus vetulus vetulus (Mabille, 1883) [= interpunctata Plötz, = vida Evans] Nicaragua to Bolivia & S Brazil; ref.139 M T1 T2 S L Eutocus vetulus matildae (Hayward, 1941) Argentina iN M S Artines Godman, 1901 Artines bipunctata O. Mielke, 1968 TL: Brazil (DF) M T Artines aquilina (Plötz, 1882) iN M T S Artines angelica Medeiros, 2019 ref.43 Artines focus Evans, 1955 iN M T S Artines cofus Medeiros & Dolibaina, 2019 ref.43 Artines donia Medeiros & Carneiro, 2019 ref.43 Artines maya A. Warren & Dolibaina, 2015 ref.47 Artines rica Steinhauser & Austin, 1993 Costa Rican Peacock-Skipper Costa Rica iN M T S Artines panama Medeiros & Carneiro, 2019 ref.43 Artines aepitus (Geyer, 1832) Widespread Peacock-Skipper Panama to S Brazil iN M T S L Artines bamba Medeiros & O. Mielke, 2019 ref.43 Artines delfos Medeiros & Casagrande, 2019 ref.43 Artines litoralis Medeiros & Dolibaina, 2019 ref.43 Artines liege Medeiros, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2019 ref.43 iN Artines solange Medeiros & O. Mielke, 2019 ref.43 Phanes Godman, 1901 Phanes abaris (Mabille, 1891) iN M T S G Phanes rezia (Plötz, 1882) iN M T S Phanes aletes (Geyer, 1832) Jeweled Skipper E & W Mexico to S Brazil iN M S1 S2 L Phanes almoda (Hewitson, 1866) Almoda Skipper SE Mexico to S Brazil iN M T S L Phanes espa Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (RJ) M T Pheraeus Godman, 1900 Pheraeus odilia (Plötz, 1884) iN Pheraeus odilia epidius (Mabille, 1891) Nicaragua to Colombia iN M T S Pheraeus odilia argus (Draudt, 1923) TL: Bolivia M T S G Pheraeus odilia odilia (Plötz, 1884) Brazil iN M S L Pheraeus covadonga H. Freeman, 1969 'Eastern' Covadonga Skipper iN Pheraeus covadonga covadonga H. Freeman, 1969 E Mexico: Tamaulipas to Chiapas M T S L Pheraeus covadonga loxicha Steinhauser, 1991 SW Mexico: Oaxaca M T S Pheraeus fastus (Hayward, 1939) iN M S Pheraeus honta Evans, 1955 iN M T Pheraeus pulcher Grishin, 2023 Upper Amazonian; ref.153 Pheraeus perpulcher (Hayward, 1934) iN M T S Pheraeus jaruensis Steinhauser, 1991 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T OI OD G Pheraeus maria Steinhauser, 1991 iN M T Pheraeus unia (A. Butler, 1870) Confusing Skipper SE Brazil; probably mislabeled from Hispaniola iN M T OI S Pheraeus argynnis (Plötz, 1884) iN M T S Pheraeus guandu Saraiva, Carneiro, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2020 ref.55 Pheraeus montes (E. Bell, 1947) iN M T S G Pheraeus rumba Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil Pheraeus rumba rumba Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil M T Pheraeus rumba kofan Steinhauser, 1991 TL: Colombia M T G Lamponia Evans, 1955 Lamponia elegantula (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) iN M T S Lamponia lamponia (Hewitson, 1876) iN M T S L Lamponia travassosi (Hayward, 1942) iN M S Lamponia ploetzii (Capronnier, 1874) Brazil; ref.13 iN Lamponia ploetzii morretesi (O. Mielke, 1992) Brazil; ref.13 M L Lamponia ploetzii ploetzii (Capronnier, 1874) Brazil; ref.13 M T S L Molla Evans, 1955 Molla molla Evans, 1955 iN M T S L Rufocumbre Dolibaina, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2017 ref.49 Rufocumbre celioi Dolibaina, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2017 ref.49 Rufocumbre emeryi Dolibaina, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2017 ref.49 iN Rufocumbre eberti (Evans, 1955) iN M T Rufocumbre schneideri Dolibaina, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2017 ref.49 Rufocumbre lucasi Dolibaina, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2017 ref.49 Cumbre Evans, 1955 Cumbre lamasi Dolibaina, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2014 Ecuador & Peru; ref.46 Cumbre haywardi Dolibaina, O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2014 Peru to Argentina; ref.46 Cumbre cumbre (Schaus, 1902) iN M T S Cumbre meridionalis (Hayward, 1934) iN M S Tava tavola (Schaus, 1902) ref.5 M T Callimormus Scudder, 1872 Callimormus juventus Scudder, 1872 Juventus Skipper S Mexico to Argentina iN M T S L Callimormus diaeses Schaus, 1902 [= "interpunctata" of Evans] S Brazil, Paraguay & Argentina; ref.139 iN M T Callimormus alsimo (Möschler, 1883) Alsimo Skipper Panama to S Brazil iN M T S Callimormus radiola (Mabille, 1878) Radiant Skipper iN Callimormus radiola radiola (Mabille, 1878) S Mexico to S Brazil M S L Callimormus radiola janna Evans, 1955 TL: Colombia M T Callimormus radiola elegans Hayward, 1938 TL: Ecuador M S L Callimormus radiola pusillus Hayward, 1934 TL: Argentina M S Callimormus corus E. Bell, 1941 iN M T S Callimormus simplicius Hayward, 1939 iN M S Callimormus saturnus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Saturnus Skipper E & W Mexico to S Brazil & Paraguay iN M T S1 S2 L1 L2 Callimormus rades Grishin, 2023 Panama & Colombia; ref.153 Callimormus corades (C. Felder, 1862) iN M T S Callimormus rivera (Plötz, 1882) iN M T S Gubrus lubens Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Gubrus lugubris (Lindsey, 1925) Peru; ref.13 iN M S Lento Evans, 1955 Lento xanthina (Mabille, 1891) Xanthina Skipper Costa Rica to Colombia and Venezuela iN M T S L Lento longa Evans, 1955 TL: Peru M T Lento ferrago (Plötz, 1884) iN M T S Lento lento (Mabille, 1878) iN M T S Lento lucto Evans, 1955 TL: Peru M T Lento imerius (Plötz, 1884) TL: Brazil M S Lento listo Evans, 1955 TL: ? M T Lento grosso Steinhauser, 1991 TL: Brazil (MT) M T Lento flavocostata (Plötz, 1884) TL: Brazil (RJ) M S Lento lotus (E. Bell, 1947) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T Lento apta Evans, 1955 iN M T S Lento lora Evans, 1955 iN M T Lento genta Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (ES) M T Lento krexoides (Hayward, 1940) iN M S L Lento ludo Evans, 1955 iN M T Lento pyra Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (ES) M T Virga Evans, 1955 Virga riparia O. Mielke, 1969 TL: Brazil (SC) M S Virga hygrophila O. Mielke, 1969 iN M S Virga silvanus (Hayward, 1947) iN M T Virga virginius (Möschler, 1883) Virginius Skipper Chiapas to upper Amazon iN M T S Virga clenchi L. Miller, 1970 Clench's Skipper E Mexico: TAMPS to VER & CAMP iN M S L Virga xantho (Schaus, 1913) Xantho Skipper Nicaragua to Ecuador iN M T S Virga austrinus (Hayward, 1934) iN M S L Virga paraiba Nicolay, 1973 TL: Brazil (Pb) M T Mnestheus Godman, 1901 Mnestheus ittona (A. Butler, 1870) Ittona Skipper Costa Rica to Bolivia iN M T S L Mnestheus damma Evans, 1955 TL: Ecuador M T S Mnestheus silvaticus Hayward, 1940 Argentina; ref.13 iN M S Ludens Evans, 1955 [includes Levina]; Li19 Ludens labens Grishin, 2023 Panama; ref.153 Ludens ludens (Mabille, 1891) Ludens Skipper Costa Rica to Argentina iN M T S1 S2 Ludens petrovna (Schaus, 1902) iN M T Ludens levina (Plötz, 1884) iN M T S Rigga hesia (Hewitson, 1870) Ecuador; ref.5 M T S Rigga oeagrus (Godman, 1900) Tawny-washed Skipper Costa Rica; ref.5 M T S L Rigga ira (A. Butler, 1870) Venezuela; ref.5 iN M T S Rigga isa Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Rigga auristriga (Draudt, 1923) Peru & Bolivia; ref.5 M T S Rigga sapala (Godman, 1900) Sapala Skipper Panama to Peru; ref.5 iN M T OI S Rigga paramus (E. Bell, 1947) Colombia; ref.5 iN M T S Rigga spangla (Evans, 1955) Ecuador; ref.13 iN M T Misius Evans, 1955 Misius misius (Mabille, 1891) Misius Skipper Peru, Brazil (Amazonas) iN M T S Tribe Hesperiini, Subtribe Anthoptina Anthoptus E. Bell, 1942 Anthoptus insignis (Plötz, 1882) Immaculate Skipper E & W Mexico to S Brazil iN M S L Anthoptus inculta (Dyar, 1918) Inculta Skipper [= macalpinei] S Mexico possibly to Costa Rica; ref.13 iN M T S Anthoptus maracanae (E. Bell, 1934) Trinidadian Skipper Panama, Colombia, Trinidad, Tobago, possibly Costa Rica iN M T S L Anthoptus epictetus (Fabricius, 1793) Trailside Skipper SE Mexico to Argentina iN M T S1 S2 S3 IL L Corticea Evans, 1955 Corticea schwarzi (E. Bell, 1941) Colombia; ref.13 M T S Corticea vicinus (Plötz, 1884) Colombia; ref.13 M TI S Corticea sylva (Hayward, 1942) Ecuador; ref.13 M T S Corticea mendica (Mabille, 1898) iN M T S Corticea lysias (Plötz, 1883) Lysias Skipper iN Corticea lysias lysias (Plötz, 1883) SE Mexico to Panama M T OI S Corticea lysias coxeyi (Hayward, 1942) TL: Ecuador M T S Corticea lysias pena Evans, 1955 TL: [Bolivia] M T S Corticea lysias potex Evans, 1955 TL: French Guiana M T S Corticea rivula (Mabille, 1891) TL: Brazil (Am) M T Corticea graziellae E. Bell, 1959 TL: Brazil (Pb) M T Corticea corticea (Plötz, 1882) Redundant Skipper S TX (as stray), E & W Mexico to S Brazil & Paraguay iN M T S1 S2 L Corticea noctis (Plötz, 1882) iN M T S Corticea bella O. Mielke, 1969 iN M T S Corticea oblinita (Mabille, 1891) iN M T S Corticea obscura O. Mielke, 1969 iN M T S Corticea aidae O. Mielke, 1969 TL: Brazil (RJ) M T Corticea immocerinus (Hayward, 1934) iN M S Corticea diamantina O. Mielke, 1992 TL: Brazil (MG) M T Corticea similea E. Bell, 1942 Similar Skipper SW Mexico (MICH, GRO) M T S Choranthus Scudder, 1872 [includes Asbolis & Pyrrhocalles]; ref.13 Choranthus capucinus (Lucas, 1857) Monk Skipper Cuba, N Bahamas, S & C Florida; ref.13,20 iN M T S L I Choranthus orientis (Skinner, 1920) Caribbean Skipper Cuba; ref.13 Choranthus orientis eleutherae (M. Bates, 1934) Eleuthera and Andros, Bahamas M S Choranthus orientis orientis (Skinner, 1920) Cuba M T S Choranthus antiqua (Herrich-Schäffer, 1863) Caribbean Skipper Hispaniola; ref.13 iN M T S1 S2 Choranthus jamaicensis (Schaus, 1902) Jamaican Skipper Jamaica; ref.13 iN M T S1 S2 Choranthus lilliae E. Bell, 1931 Lilly's Skipper Jamaica; ref.20 iN M T S G Choranthus vitellius (Fabricius, 1793) Vitellius Skipper Puerto Rico E to Virgin Islands iN M T S L Choranthus haitensis Skinner, 1920 Haitian Skipper Hispaniola iN M T S G Choranthus schwartzi Gali, 1983 Schwartz's Skipper Hispaniola M T S Choranthus maria Minno, 1990 Maria's Skipper Hispaniola; status requires verification M T Choranthus melissa Gali, 1983 Melissa's Skipper Hispaniola M T Choranthus richmondi L. Miller, 1965 Richmond's Skipper Great Bahama Bank, N Bahamas M T G Choranthus radians (Lucas, 1857) Radians Skipper Cuba and Isla de Juventud, Cat I., Great Exuma I. iN M T S G Choranthus borincona (F. Watson, 1937) Puerto Rican Skipper Puerto Rico; ref.20 iN M T S Racta Evans, 1955 Racta apella (Schaus, 1913) Apella Skipper iN Racta apella apella (Schaus, 1913) Costa Rica to Ecuador M T S L Racta apella raza Evans, 1955 Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M T Racta plasma Evans, 1955 Plasma Skipper Ecuador, Peru iN M T Racta racta Evans, 1955 Racta Skipper Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia iN M T L Racta chiria Evans, 1955 Chiria Skipper Peru iN M T Racta dalla Evans, 1955 Dalla-like Skipper Ecuador, Colombia M T S Igapophilus O. Mielke, 1980 Igapophilus rufus O. Mielke, 1980 iN M T Tribe Hesperiini, Subtribe Falgina Flaccilla Godman, 1901 Flaccilla aecas (Stoll, 1781) Aecas Ruby-eye E & W Mexico to S Brazil iN M T S L Flaccilla lactea Grishin, 2023 Peru:Cuzco; ref.153 Turesis Godman, 1901 Turesis tabascoensis H. Freeman, 1979 Tabasco Skipper SE Mexico M T Turesis complanula (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Complanula Skipper SE Mexico to S Brazil iN M T S HS L Turesis theste Godman, 1901 Theste Skipper SE Mexico to Costa Rica M T S Turesis basta Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Mnasinous Godman, 1900 Mnasinous cinnamomea (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Brazil; ref.13,16 iN M T Mnasinous modestus (Godman, 1901) [= Evans' "ina" from N. Am., true ina is conspecific wi ...; ref.13,Zhang22d iN M T S Mnasinous phaeomelas (Hübner, [1831]) Hubner's Skipper [= Evans' "ina" from C. & S. Am.] Panama to Brazil & Paraguay; ref.16 iN M T S Mnasinous purus (E. Bell, 1940) Peru; ref.13,16 M T S Mnasinous ina (Plötz, 1882) Ina Skipper [= typhon] SE Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.13,16 iN M T S Mnasinous patage Godman, 1900 Black-veined Skipper SW & E Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.13,16 M T S L Methion Godman, 1900 Methion melas Godman, 1900 Rusty Skipper S Mexico (VER, CHIS), Guatemala M T S L Thargella Godman, 1900 Thargella volasus (Godman, 1901) [= dolor] Belize, Guatemala to Guyana and Peru; ref.13 M T S Thargella caura (Plötz, 1882) Round-winged Skipper iN Thargella caura caura (Plötz, 1882) SE Mexico to Bolivia and C Brazil M T S Thargella caura occulta (Schaus, 1902) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T S Thargella evansi Biezanko & O. Mielke, 1973 iN M S Thargella tristissimus (Schaus, 1902) Peru; ref.13 M T Propapias O. Mielke, 1992 Propapias sipariana (Kaye, 1925) Sipariana Skipper Panama, Venezuela, Trinidad, Guyana, Surinam, Brazil, Ecuador, Argentina iN M T1 T2 S Synapte Mabille, 1904 Synapte silius (Latreille, [1824]) Rain-forest Faceted-Skipper SE Mexico to Argentina iN M T OI S1 S2 S3 L Synapte malitiosa (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Caribbean Faceted-Skipper iN Synapte malitiosa malitiosa (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Cuba, Jamaica M T S Synapte malitiosa adoceta A. Schwartz & Sommer, 1986 Hispaniola M T S Synapte malitiosa antistia (Plötz, 1882) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T S Synapte malitiosa equa Evans, 1955 TL: Bolivia M T Synapte malitiosa pericles (Möschler, 1879) TL: Colombia M T S Synapte pecta Evans, 1955 Northern Faceted-Skipper S TX, E & W Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T1 T2 S L Synapte puma Evans, 1955 Panamanian Faceted-Skipper Panama iN M T S L Synapte silna Evans, 1955 Southwest-Mexican Faceted-Skipper SW Mexico (NAY to OAX) iN M T S L Synapte salenus (Mabille, 1883) Salenus Faceted-Skipper iN Synapte salenus salenus (Mabille, 1883) S TX (rare stray), E Mexico to Colombia M T S1 S2 L Synapte salenus osta Evans, 1955 TL: Bolivia M T Synapte lutulenta (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Whitened Faceted-Skipper Costa Rica to Ecuador iN M T S L Synapte shiva Evans, 1955 Faded Faceted-Skipper W Mexico to Nicaragua iN M T1 T2 S L Synapte syraces (Godman, 1901) Bold Faceted-Skipper W Mexico, El Salvador iN M T S L I Koria Grishin, 2022 Koria kora (Hewitson, 1877) S Brazil; ref.13 iN M T S Justinia Evans, 1955 Justinia norda Evans, 1955 False Saliana ["phaetusa"], SE Mexico to Colombia iN M T S L Justinia phaetusa (Hewitson, 1866) iN M T S Justinia gava Evans, 1955 TL: Guyana M T Justinia justinianus (Latreille, [1824]) Justinianus Skipper Nicaragua [as J. j. justinianus, but may be J. j. dappa Evans, 1955] iN Justinia justinianus cappa Evans, 1955 TL: Ecuador M T Justinia justinianus hyperythrus (Kaye, 1914) TL: Trinidad M T S Justinia justinianus dappa Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (Pa) M T1 T2 T3 Justinia justinianus justinianus (Latreille, [1824]) TL: Brazil M T S L Justinia papaea (Hewitson, 1876) iN M T S Justinia maculata (E. Bell, 1930) TL: Bolivia M T S Justinia septa Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (MG) M T Mnasalcas Godman, 1900 Mnasalcas continua (Evans, 1955) TL: Bolivia Mnasalcas continua continua (Evans, 1955) Bolivia; ref.13 M T S Mnasalcas continua conta (Evans, 1955) TL: Ecuador M T Mnasalcas thymoetes (Hayward, 1942) Ecuador; ref.13 M T Mnasalcas boyaca (Nicolay, 1973) Colombia; ref.13 M T Mnasalcas simplicissima (Herrich-Schäffer, 1870) Strange-stigma Skipper Costa Rica to Bolivia; ref.13 iN M T S Mnasalcas ritans (Schaus, 1902) S Brazil; ref.13 iN M T S Barrolla Grishin, 2019 Barrolla barroni (Evans, 1955) Barron's Skipper [= molla] Ecuador; ref.5 M T Falga Mabille, 1898 Falga sciras Godman, 1901 Sciras Skipper Chiapas to Costa Rica iN M S Falga athena Grishin, 2023 Panama; ref.153 Falga jeconia (A. Butler, 1870) Venezuela iN M T S Falga jacta Evans, 1955 Colombia; ref.153 M T Falga farina Evans, 1955 TL: Bolivia M T Falga mirabilis Evans, 1955 Peru & Bolivia; ref.153 Falga mirabilis odol Evans, 1955 Peru; ref.153 M T Falga mirabilis mirabilis Evans, 1955 Peru & Bolivia; ref.153 M T Falga ombra Evans, 1955 Ecuador; ref.153 M T L Falga theoclea (Hewitson, 1870) iN M T S Tribe Hesperiini, Subtribe Apaustina Apaustus Hübner, [1819] Apaustus gracilis (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Delicate Skipper iN Apaustus gracilis gracilis (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Nicaragua to Ecuador M T S L Apaustus gracilis smarti Evans, 1955 TL: Guyana M T S Apaustus menes (Stoll, 1782) Menes Skipper Nicaragua to upper Amazon iN M S Apaustus radiatus Hayward, 1940 iN M T Ancyloxypha C. Felder, 1862 Ancyloxypha melanoneura C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867 iN M T Ancyloxypha nitedula (Burmeister, 1878) iN M S Ancyloxypha aurea Hayward, 1940 iN M T Ancyloxypha dryas Hayward, 1942 iN M S Ancyloxypha ramba Evans, 1955 TL: Ecuador M T Ancyloxypha arene (W. H. Edwards, 1871) Tropical Least Skipper SE AZ, SW NM, W & S TX, S to Costa Rica iN M T S L I H G Ancyloxypha numitor (Fabricius, 1793) Least Skipper Great Plains, eastward; SE SASK to Quebec, to S TX, far NE MEX iN M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 Ha G Adopaeoides Godman, 1900 Adopaeoides prittwitzi (Plötz, 1884) Sunrise Skipper SE AZ, SW NM, W TX, S to S-central Mexico iN M S L I Ha Adopaeoides bistriata Godman, 1900 TL: Mexico (Dur) M T Tribe Hesperiini, Subtribe Thymelicina Thymelicus Hübner, [1819] Thymelicus lineola (Ochsenheimer, 1808) European Skipper iN Thymelicus lineola lineola (Ochsenheimer, 1808) introduced; Newfoundland to VA & TN, W to MAN, S Rocky Mts. M S L1 L2 I Ha G Oarisma Scudder, 1872 [includes Copaeodes]; ref.10 Oarisma poweshiek (Parker, 1870) Poweshiek Skipperling SE MAN, E ND, NE SD, W & S MN, N-central IA, SE WI, S MI iN M S G Oarisma garita (Reakirt, 1866) Garita Skipperling iN Oarisma garita garita (Reakirt, 1866) SE BC to S MAN (plus Peace Riv.), S through Rockies to AZ & NM M T S L1 L2 L3 Ha G Oarisma garita calega (Godman, 1900) NW (DGO) to S (OAX) Mexico M T S Oarisma era Dyar, 1927 Bold-veined Skipperling NW & NE to central Mexico iN M T S Ha Oarisma nanus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Nanus Skipperling Cuba & Isla de Juventud M T S L Oarisma stillmani (E. Bell & W. Comstock, 1948) Stillman's Skipperling Hispaniola including Isla Catalina; ref.10 M T S Oarisma eoa (D. Smith, L. Miller & McKenzie, 1991) Anegada Skipperling Anegada; ref.10 M OI Oarisma bruneri E. Bell, 1959 Bruner's Skipperling Cuba M T Oarisma edwardsii (W. Barnes, 1897) Edwards’ Skipperling S-central CO, NM, C & E AZ, NW Mexico to S-central Mexico; ref.10 iN M T S L I G Oarisma aurantiaca (Hewitson, 1868) Orange Skipperling S CA & NV to E TX (strays N), S to Guatemala; ref.10 iN M T S L1 L2 L3 I F G Oarisma minima (W. H. Edwards, 1870) Southern Skipperling SE AZ, C TX to FL & NC, E & W Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.10 iN M T S L1 L2 L3 L4 I1 I2 G Oarisma jean (Evans, 1955) ref.10 iN M T S Oarisma favor (Evans, 1955) ref.140 M T S Oarisma boeta (Hewitson, 1870) iN M T OI L Oarisma castanea (O. Mielke, 1969) Brazil; ref.10 iN M T S Tribe Hesperiini, Subtribe Calpodina Panoquina Hemming, 1934 Panoquina errans (Skinner, 1892) Wandering Skipper S CA, W Mexico iN M T S L I Ha G Panoquina panoquinoides (Skinner, 1891) Obscure Skipper S FL to S TX, Mexican Gulf Coast to Costa Rica, most West Indies iN M T S Ma L1 L2 G Panoquina eugeon (Godman & Salvin, 1896) Eugeon Skipper Grenada, Grenadines; ref.140 Panoquina eugeon eugeon (Godman & Salvin, 1896) Grenada, Grenadines; ref.140 M T S Panoquina eugeon minima de Jong, 1983 The Guianas; ref.140 M T1 T2 Panoquina calna Evans, 1955 Peru; ref.140 Panoquina albistriga O. Mielke, 1980 S Brazil; ref.140 M T Panoquina panoquin (Scudder, 1863) Salt Marsh Skipper coastal salt marshes, New England to S TX iN M T S L1 L2 Ha G Panoquina chapada Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (MT) Panoquina hecebolus (Scudder, 1872) Hecebolus Skipper [= ortygia] S TX, E & S Mexico to Paraguay; ref.16 iN M T S L Panoquina ocola (W. H. Edwards, 1863) Ocola Skipper Greater Antilles, Texas to Argentina iN M T S L1 L2 L3 G Panoquina lucas (Fabricius, 1793) Purple-washed Skipper [= sylvicola, = woodruffi], Gr. & Less. Antilles, S TX to Argentina iN Panoquina lucas lucas (Fabricius, 1793) [= sylvicola, = woodruffi], Gr. & Less. Antilles, S TX to Argentina M T S L I G Txt Panoquina lucas distipuncta K. Johnson & Matusik, 1988 [not ocola] SW Dominican Republic; ref.16 M T Panoquina trix Evans, 1955 [= confusa] Brazil; ref.140 M T Panoquina bola E. Bell, 1942 iN M T L Panoquina peraea (Hewitson, 1866) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T Panoquina corrupta (Herrich-Schäffer, 1865) Corrupt Skipper Cuba and Isla de Juventud iN M T S Panoquina nero (Fabricius, 1798) Nero Skipper Hispaniola and Puerto Rico iN M T S L Panoquina jay Grishin, 2023 NE Peru; ref.153 Panoquina evansi (H. Freeman, 1946) Evans’ Skipper S TX, E & W Mexico to W Panama iN M T S L1 L2 Panoquina fusina (Hewitson, 1868) iN Panoquina fusina sonta Evans, 1955 Panama & Colombia M S Panoquina fusina fusina (Hewitson, 1868) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Panoquina fusina viola Evans, 1955 [Honduras?, Colombia?], Bolivia, SE Brazil, Paraguay M S Panoquina fusina jumbo Evans, 1955 TL: Jamaica Panoquina pauper (Mabille, 1878) Pauper Skipper iN Panoquina pauper pauper (Mabille, 1878) SE Mexico to Colombia M T S L Panoquina pauper grapte (H. Druce, 1908) TL: Peru M T Panoquina danishi R. Anderson, 2014 Danish's skipper Panama; ref.57 Panoquina neblina Vargas & Salazar, 2013 Hazy skipper Choco region in Colombia; ref.58 iN Panoquina luctuosa (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) iN Panoquina luctuosa luctuosa (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) TL: ? M T G Panoquina luctuosa fonda Evans, 1955 TL: Ecuador M T G Panoquina luctuosa cineas Evans, 1955 TL: Peru M T G Panoquina evadnes (Stoll, 1781) Evadnes Skipper S Mexico to Argentina iN M S L Zenis Godman, 1900 Zenis par Grishin, 2022 Colombia to Peru; ref.16 Zenis hemizona (Dyar, 1918) Purple-stained Skipper ref.16 M T S L Zenis janka Evans, 1955 ref.16 Zenis jebus (Plötz, 1882) iN Zenis jebus jebus (Plötz, 1882) TL: Brazil Zenis jebus beckeri O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2002 TL: Brazil (ES) M T Zenis minos (Latreille, [1824]) Minos Skipper SE Mexico, Honduras, Costa Rica, S Brazil iN M T S Calpodes Hübner, [1819] Calpodes ethlius (Stoll, 1782) Brazilian Skipper SE US (strays far N), E & W MX to Argentina, W. Indies, Galapagos; ref.10 iN M S L1 L2 I G Calpodes fusta (Evans, 1955) Suffused Saliana E & W Mexico to Brazil & Bolivia iN M T1 T2 S L Calpodes salva (Evans, 1955) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Calpodes triangularis (Kaye, 1914) Triangular Saliana E & S Mexico to Argentina iN M T S1 S2 L Calpodes fischer (Latreille, [1824]) TL: Brazil M T S Calpodes nigel (Evans, 1955) iN M T1 T2 S Calpodes hewitsoni (N. Riley, 1926) Green Saliana SE Mexico to Bolivia iN M T S1 S2 Calpodes chiomara (Hewitson, 1867) Chiomara Saliana Panama to Peru & Brazil iN M T S Calpodes longirostris (Sepp, [1840]) Shy Saliana E & W Mexico to S Brazil iN M S L Calpodes morsa (Evans, 1955) Morsa Saliana Taboga Is., Panama, to Guianas & Amazon basin iN M T1 T2 S Calpodes salius (Cramer, 1775) Sullied Saliana S Mexico to S Brazil & Uruguay iN M S1 S2 L Calpodes salianus Grishin, 2023 Amazonian Peru; ref.153 Calpodes saladin (Evans, 1955) Violet-tipped Saliana iN Calpodes saladin saladin (Evans, 1955) S Mexico to Colombia & Peru M T S Calpodes saladin catha (Evans, 1955) TL: Brazil (SC) M T S Calpodes saladin culta (Evans, 1955) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S Calpodes severus (Mabille, 1895) Dark Saliana S Mexico to Colombia & Ecuador iN M S IL L Calpodes chocoensis (Salazar & Constantino, 2013) Choco Megaleas Skipper [= angelae] Choco region in Colombia; ref.90,16 iN M T Calpodes antoninus (Latreille, [1824]) Persistent Saliana S Mexico to S Brazil iN M S L Calpodes covancae (O. Mielke, 1970) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T Calpodes salona (Evans, 1955) iN M T Calpodes esperi (Evans, 1955) Perching Saliana iN Calpodes esperi esperi (Evans, 1955) E & W Mexico to S Brazil and Bolivia M T S1 S2 L Calpodes esperi soroa (D. Smith & L. Hernández, 1992) W Cuba M S L Calpodes placens (A. Butler, 1874) Ochreous Saliana Costa Rica to Colombia & Ecuador iN M T S Calpodes stingo Grishin, 2023 Ecuador; ref.153 Calpodes mamurra (Plötz, 1886) iN M T S Calpodes mathiolus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) iN M T S Tribe Hesperiini, Subtribe Carystina Corta Grishin, 2022 Corta lycortas (Godman, 1900) Lycortas Skipper E Mexico, Belize; ref.13 iN M T S L Orthos Evans, 1955 Orthos orthos (Godman, 1900) Orthos Skipper Panama, Trinidad, Peru iN M T S Orthos minka Evans, 1955 Amazonian Brazil; ref.140 M T Orthos hyalinus (E. Bell, 1930) SE Brazil, Argentina; ref.140 M T S Turmosa Grishin, 2019 Turmosa camposa (Plötz, 1886) Brazil; ref.5 iN M S Dubiella Evans, 1936 Dubiella dubius (Stoll, 1781) [= disjuncta, = cinica]; ref.13 iN M T S Dubiella fiscella (Hewitson, 1877) iN Dubiella fiscella fiscella (Hewitson, 1877) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S L Dubiella fiscella belpa Evans, 1955 S Mexico to Ecuador, Venezuela, Guianas iN M T S L Carystina Evans, 1955 Carystina aurifer (Godman & Salvin, 1879) Golden-spotted Ruby-eye Costa Rica to W Ecuador iN M T S Carystina mielkei Salazar, Constantino & Vargas, 2013 Mielke's Ruby-eye W Colombia; ref.58 iN Carystina pieris (Draudt, 1923) Peru iN M T S G Carystina lysiteles (Mabille, 1891) Ecuador & Peru iN M T S L Carystina discors (Plötz, 1882) ref.13 iN M TI Aides Billberg, 1820 Aides duma Evans, 1955 iN Aides duma argyrina Cowan, 1970 [= epitus], Panama to S Brazil M S1 S2 L Aides duma duma Evans, 1955 TL: [Argentina] M T Aides aestria (Hewitson, 1866) TL: Brazil (RJ) M T S Aides dysoni Godman, 1900 Dyson's Silverpatch E Mexico to Colombia iN M T OI S L Aides aegita (Hewitson, 1866) Aegita Silverpatch [= ocrinus] Panama to Bolivia & Brazil; ref.153 iN M T S1 S2 S3 L Aides nobra Grishin, 2023 [= Evans' "ocrinus"] Panama, Colombia, French Guiana; ref.153 M S Aides brilla (H. Freeman, 1970) Brilliant Silverpatch SE Mexico, Guatemala, Belize iN M T S L Aides brino (Stoll, 1781) Brino Silverpatch Honduras, Colombia to Guianas & N Brazil iN M S Thracides Hübner, [1819] Thracides joannisii Mabille, 1904 Joannis' Skipper Panama to Ecuador M T TI S G Thracides cilissa (Hewitson, 1867) Cilissa Skipper SE Colombia, NE Peru, N Brazil iN M T S Thracides sacrator (Godman & Salvin, 1879) Colombia; ref.13 iN M T L G Thracides polites (Godman & Salvin, 1879) ref.13 iN Thracides polites polites (Godman & Salvin, 1879) Colombia; ref.13 M T Thracides polites pilla (Evans, 1955) TL: Peru M S L Thracides arcalaus (Stoll, 1782) Yellow-spotted Ruby-eye S Mexico to Guianas & Amazon basin iN M T S L Thracides pavo Grishin, 2023 E & W Mexico to Ecuador; ref.153 M S L Thracides phidon (Cramer, 1779) Jewel-studded Skipper Venezuela to S Brazil iN M S L Thracides nanea (Hewitson, 1867) Nanea Skipper NE Peru, N Brazil iN M T S Thracides chiricana Röber, 1926 Chiricana Skipper Costa Rica, Panama iN M T S Txt Thracides nida Evans, 1955 Nida Skipper Colombia iN M OD S L Txt Thracides panimeron H. Druce, 1908 Panimeron Skipper Peru, Bolivia iN M T S Thracides thrasea (Hewitson, 1866) Thrasea Skipper S Mexico (OAX), Belize, Guianas, Amazon basin to Bolivia iN M T OI S I Thracides cleanthes (Latreille, [1824]) Cleanthes Skipper iN Thracides cleanthes binota Evans, 1955 Colombia to Guianas and Trinidad M S Thracides cleanthes telmela (Hewitson, 1866) French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, N Brazil M T S Thracides cleanthes quarta Evans, 1955 Peru (La Merced) Thracides cleanthes trebla Evans, 1955 Bolivia M S Thracides cleanthes cleanthes (Latreille, [1824]) C and S Brazil, Paraguay M T S Thracides cleanthes quinta Evans, 1955 E Brazil M S Vertica Evans, 1955 Vertica umber (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) iN M T Vertica ibis Evans, 1955 Ibis Skipper SE Mexico, Bolivia M T S Vertica verticalis (Plötz, 1882) iN Vertica verticalis verticalis (Plötz, 1882) TL: Brazil M T Vertica verticalis coatepeca (Schaus, 1902) SE Mexico to Costa Rica M T S L Vertica verticalis grandipuncta (Mabille, 1883) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T Vertica subrufescens (Schaus, 1913) Subrufescens Skipper SE Mexico to Costa Rica M S L I Vertica pudor Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (SC) M T S Vertica brasta (Evans, 1955) Peru; ref.13 iN Calvetta Grishin, 2019 Calvetta calvina (Hewitson, 1866) White-rayed Ruby-Eye ref.13 iN M T TI S IL L Cobalus Hübner, [1819] Cobalus virbius (Cramer, 1777) White-edged Ruby-eye iN Cobalus virbius quadrum (Mabille, 1891) TL: Colombia M T Cobalus virbius virbius (Cramer, 1777) Costa Rica to S Brazil & Paraguay M T S L Cobalus virbius hanta Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (Pe) M T Cobalus virbius hersilia (Plötz, 1882) TL: Brazil (RJ) Cobalus fidicula (Hewitson, 1877) White-centered Ruby-eye S Mexico to Panama iN M T S L Carystus Hübner, [1819] [includes Moeros, Argon & Synale]; ref.13 Carystus moeros (Möschler, 1877) ref.13 iN M T S Carystus argus Möschler, 1879 W & S Mexico to Colombia; ref.13,16 M T S L Carystus lota (Hewitson, 1877) Argon Skipper in S. Amer. to Argentina; ref.13,16 iN M T L Carystus cynaxa (Hewitson, 1867) Black-veined Ruby-eye E & S Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.13 iN M T S L Ha Carystus phorcus (Cramer, 1777) White-patched Ruby-eye iN Carystus phorcus phorcus (Cramer, 1777) E & W Mexico to Argentina; ref.13 M T S1 S2 S3 L Carystus phorcus claudianus (Latreille, [1824]) TL: Brazil M T S Carystus diores (Plötz, 1882) TL: S. Amer. M S Carystus junior Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (Am) M T Carystus ploetzi O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2002 Ploetz's Ruby-eye E & S Mexico to central Brazil & Peru; ref.13 iN M T OI S L Carystus hylaspes (Stoll, 1781) iN M T S Carystus sylvanus (Hayward, 1948) Argentina; ref.13 Carystus elana (Plötz, 1882) ref.13 iN Carystus elana elana (Plötz, 1882) TL: Brazil Carystus elana apheka (Kaye, 1918) TL: Uruguay Carystus metella (Plötz, 1882) Brazil; ref.13 Carystus elvira (Plötz, 1882) TL: S. Amer. Carystus elvira elvira (Plötz, 1882) TL: S. Amer. M TI Carystus elvira rufoventris Austin & O. Mielke, 2007 ref.140 iN M T Carystus superbiens Mabille, 1891 iN M T S Carystus cacaulandia Austin & O. Mielke, 2007 TL: Brazil (Rd) M T Carystus hocus Evans, 1955 TL: Guyana M T S Carystus jolus (Stoll, 1782) iN M T S Carystus periphas Mabille, 1891 iN Carystus periphas periphas Mabille, 1891 TL: Brazil (Am) M T S L Carystus periphas amax Evans, 1955 TL: Colombia M T Aroma Evans, 1955 Aroma aroma (Hewitson, 1867) Aroma Skipper Nicaragua to N Brazil & Peru iN M T S L Aroma henricus (Staudinger, 1876) Henricus Skipper iN Aroma henricus henricus (Staudinger, 1876) Costa Rica to Peru M T S L Aroma henricus balba Evans, 1955 TL: Ecuador Molo Godman, 1900 Molo pelta (Evans, 1955) Ecuador; ref.5 M S Molo mango (Guenée, 1865) Mango Skipper Costa Rica to C Brazil iN M T S1 S2 S3 S4 L Molo muzo Evans, 1955 Muzo Skipper Costa Rica to Colombia M T IL Tellona Evans, 1955 Tellona variegata (Hewitson, 1870) TL: Ecuador M T S Talides Hübner, [1819] Talides cantra Evans, 1955 Cantra Ruby-eye S Mexico to Colombia, Venezuela & W Ecuador iN M S L Talides sinois Hübner, [1819] iN M T Talides riosa Evans, 1955 iN M S Talides laeta Grishin, 2023 Peru:Cuzco; ref.153 Talides alternata E. Bell, 1941 Alternate Ruby-eye S Mexico to S Brazil iN M T S L Talides hispa Evans, 1955 Hispa Skipper Costa Rica to W Ecuador, W Brazil M S IL Talides eluta Grishin, 2023 Peru & Brazil; ref.153 Talides sergestus (Cramer, 1775) Sergestus Ruby-eye SE Mexico to S Brazil iN M S L Talides montezuma Geale & Salazar, [2017] Colombia; ref.91 Ebusus Evans, 1955 Ebusus ebusus (Cramer, 1780) iN Ebusus ebusus nigrior L. Miller, 1985 SE Mexico (Veracruz and Chiapas) M T Ebusus ebusus ebusus (Cramer, 1780) TL: Surinam M T Zetka Grishin, 2019 Zetka zeteki (E. Bell, 1931) Zetek’s Skipper Guatemala, Panama; ref.5 M T Zetka irena (Evans, 1955) Ecuador; ref.13 Coolus Grishin, 2019 Coolus bushi (F. Watson, 1937) Bush's Skipper Hispaniola; ref.5 iN M T Mielkeus Grishin, 2019 Mielkeus tertianus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Blurry Skipper SE Mexico to French Guiana and Trinidad; ref.5 iN M T S Mielkeus klugi (E. Bell, 1941) Peru; ref.5 M T S Mielkeus lucretius (Latreille, [1824]) Brazil; ref.5 iN M S L Mielkeus diana (Plötz, 1886) ref.5 iN Mielkeus diana felix (Evans, 1955) TL: Peru M T Mielkeus diana diana (Plötz, 1886) TL: Brazil (SP) M T S G Neoxeniades Hayward, 1938 Neoxeniades gabina (Godman, 1900) Gabina Skipper E Mexico to Costa Rica; ref.13 M T OI Neoxeniades ethoda (Hewitson, 1866) Ethoda Skipper SE Brazil (Espirito Santo to RJ); ref.5 iN M T S Neoxeniades angustior Grishin, 2023 SE Brazil (RJ); ref.153 Neoxeniades myra Evans, 1955 TL: Colombia M S Neoxeniades parna (Evans, 1955) [= vixen]; ref.13 M T S Neoxeniades scipio (Fabricius, 1793) iN Neoxeniades scipio posta Evans, 1955 TL: Peru M S Neoxeniades scipio fulguratoides (Kaye, 1925) TL: Trinidad M T S Neoxeniades scipio nosa Evans, 1955 TL: Brazil (Ba) M S Neoxeniades scipio scipio (Fabricius, 1793) TL: Indiis M T S Neoxeniades tropa Evans, 1955 TL: Colombia Neoxeniades luda (Hewitson, 1877) Luda Skipper W & S Mexico to Colombia iN M T S L Neoxeniades pluviasilva Burns, 2007 Pluviasilva Skipper Nicaragua to Costa Rica iN M T S L Neoxeniades anchicayensis Steinhauser, 2007 Anchicaya Skipper TL: Colombia M S Neoxeniades turmada (H. Druce, 1912) iN M T S Neoxeniades musarion Hayward, 1938 TL: Brazil M S Neoxeniades cincia (Hewitson, 1867) iN M T S Daron Grishin, 2019 Daron seron (Godman, 1901) Seron Skipper ref.5 Daron seron seron (Godman, 1901) Honduras, Colombia M T OI S Daron seron sexton (Evans, 1955) TL: Brazil (Pa) Damas Godman, 1901 Damas cervelina (Orellana & Costa, 2019) Venezuela; ref.90 Damas zea Grishin, 2023 Guyana; ref.153 Damas horridus (E. Bell, 1940) TL: Peru M T OD G Txt Damas immacula Nicolay, 1973 Immaculate Ruby-eye Panama iN M T1 T2 OI OD S G Damas clavus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) Violet-washed Skipper E & S Mexico to S Brazil & Bolivia iN M T S L G Tromba Evans, 1955 Tromba tromba Evans, 1955 TL: Peru M S Tromba xantha Grishin, 2023 Mexico to Nicaragua; ref.153 M S L Tromba xanthura (Godman, 1901) Yellow-washed Ruby-eye Costa Rica to Colombia iN M T L Pseudosarbia Berg, 1897 Pseudosarbia flavofasciata Skinner, 1921 TL: Brazil (MT) M S Pseudosarbia phoenicicola Berg, 1897 iN M S Pyrrhopygopsis Godman, 1901 Pyrrhopygopsis romula (H. Druce, 1875) iN Pyrrhopygopsis romula romula (H. Druce, 1875) TL: Colombia M T S Pyrrhopygopsis romula tenebricosa (Hewitson, 1876) TL: Peru M T IL Pyrrhopygopsis romula lugubris H. Druce, 1908 TL: Bolivia M T S G Pyrrhopygopsis quispica (Plötz, 1886) iN M T S IL Pyrrhopygopsis socrates (Ménétriés, 1855) iN Pyrrhopygopsis socrates socrates (Ménétriés, 1855) TL: Brazil (MG) M T S Pyrrhopygopsis socrates orasus (H. Druce, 1876) TL: Peru M T OI S L Pyrrhopygopsis socrates crates Mabille & Boullet, 1912 TL: Bolivia; [Ecuador]; Peru M T S IL Pyrrhopygopsis agaricon H. Druce, 1908 Agaricon Skipper iN Pyrrhopygopsis agaricon agaricon H. Druce, 1908 E Costa Rica, Colombia M T S IL Pyrrhopygopsis agaricon nanta Evans, 1955 TL: Ecuador M T Nyctus Mabille, 1891 Nyctus crinitus Mabille, 1891 TL: Peru M T Nyctus hiarbas (Cramer, 1775) TL: Surinam M S Tribe Pericharini, Subtribe Pericharina Oz Grishin, 2022 Oz sebastiani (Salazar & Constantino, 2013) Sebastián's Ruby-eye Choco region in Colombia; ref.58,13 Oz ozias (Hewitson, 1878) Ozias Ruby-eye ref.13 iN Oz ozias ozina (Evans, 1955) Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia M S Oz ozias ozias (Hewitson, 1878) S Brazil, Argentina; ref.13 M T L Orses Godman, 1901 Orses cynisca (Swainson, 1821) Yellow-edged Ruby-eye E & W Mexico to S Brazil & Paraguay iN M T OI S IL L Orses itea (Swainson, 1821) iN M S Perichares Scudder, 1872 Perichares saptine (Godman & Salvin, 1879) Golden-banded Ruby-eye S Mexico (Oax Chis) to Costa Rica; ref.13 iN M T S L Perichares seneca (Latreille, [1824]) iN Perichares seneca crotona (Hewitson, 1866) Panama, Venezuela M T S Perichares seneca seneca (Latreille, [1824]) TL: Brazil M T S Perichares chima Evans, 1955 iN M T S Perichares deceptus (A. Butler & H. Druce, 1872) Flasher Ruby-eye iN Perichares deceptus deceptus (A. Butler & H. Druce, 1872) El Salvador to Costa Rica M T S L G Perichares deceptus drina Evans, 1955 TL: Colombia M T Perichares deceptus quadrimaculata Röber, 1925 TL: Colombia Perichares deceptus fulvimargo (A. Butler, 1873) TL: Venezuela M T S Perichares deceptus luscinia (Plötz, 1882) TL: Brazil (SC) M T S L Perichares colenda (Hewitson, 1866) iN M T S Perichares forbesi Biezanko & O. Mielke, 1973 TL: Brazil (SP) M T S Perichares furcata (Mabille, 1891) S Brazil; ref.5 M T S Perichares philetes (Gmelin, [1790]) Caribbean Ruby-eye Greater Antilles iN M S Txt Perichares poaceaphaga Burns, 2008 Grass-feeding Ruby-eye Costa Rica M T OD G Perichares adela (Hewitson, 1867) Green-backed Ruby-eye S TX (uncommon), E & W Mexico to S Brazil iN M T S L I G Txt Perichares marmorata Scudder, 1872 TL: Venezuela M S Txt Perichares limana Evans, 1955 TL: Peru M Txt Perichares aurina Evans, 1955 Evans' Ruby-eye [Honduras?], S Brazil & Paraguay iN M T S Txt Perichares prestoeaphaga Burns, 2008 Prestoea-feeding Ruby-eye Costa Rica M T OD G Perichares geonomaphaga Burns, 2008 Geonoma-feeding Ruby-eye Costa Rica M T OD G Perichares lotus (A. Butler, 1870) Lotus Ruby-eye SE Mexico S Brazil & Paraguay iN M T S G Perichares fura Grishin, 2023 [convergence with furcata] Ecuador; ref.153 Perichares matha Evans, 1955 TL: Ecuador M T S Perichares butus (Möschler, 1877) iN M T S Perichares metallica (N. Riley, 1921) S Brazil; ref.5 M T Perichares manu (O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2004) Peru, Brazil; ref.5 iN M T OI S Perichares romeroi (O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2004) Venezuela; ref.5 M T OI Perichares haworthiana (Swainson, 1821) Green-banded Ruby-eye Panama to S Brazil; ref.5 iN M T OI Lycas Godman, 1901 Lycas godart (Latreille, [1824]) iN Lycas godart godart (Latreille, [1824]) TL: Brazil M T Lycas godart boisduvalii (Ehrmann, 1909) TL: Venezuela M T S Lycas argentea (Hewitson, 1866) Silvered Ruby-eye E & W Mexico to Colombia; ref.16 iN M T S Lycas devanes (Herrich-Schäffer, 1869) S.Am. [to Argentina]; ref.16 M T L Oenides Mabille, 1904 Oenides vulpina (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) Colombia; ref.5 iN M T S L Tribe Pericharini, Subtribe Orphina Orphe Godman, 1901 Orphe gerasa (Hewitson, 1867) Gerasa Skipper Nicaragua to Amazon basin & Guianas iN M T OI S L Orphe vatinius Godman, 1901 Vatinius Skipper Costa Rica, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, Brazil, Peru, Ec ... iN M T S L Pseudorphe A. Warren & Dolibaina, 2015 Pseudorphe pyrex (Evans, 1955) Colombia, Peru, Brazil; ref.24 iN M T S Tribe Megathymini, Subtribe Carystoidina Carystoides Godman, 1901 Carystoides mexicana H. Freeman, 1969 Mexican Ruby-eye E Mexico iN M T Carystoides floresi H. Freeman, 1969 Freeman’s Ruby-eye E Mexico iN M T S Carystoides escalantei H. Freeman, 1969 Escalante's Ruby-eye E Mexico to Costa Rica iN M T S Carystoides abrahami H. Freeman, 1969 Abraham’s Ruby-eye E & W Mexico iN M T Carystoides certima (Hewitson, 1866) iN Carystoides lila Evans, 1955 Lila Ruby-eye S Mexico to S Ecuador iN M S Carystoides lebbaeus (Hewitson, 1876) Lebbaeus Ruby-eye iN Carystoides lebbaeus lebbaeus (Hewitson, 1876) Costa Rica to NW Ecuador M T S Carystoides lebbaeus benchos (Weeks, 1909) TL: Bolivia Carystoides lebbaeus cundina Evans, 1955 TL: Colombia Carystoides manta Evans, 1955 TL: Colombia Carystoides hondura Evans, 1955 Honduran Ruby-eye Honduras to Costa Rica iN Carystoides hondura hondura Evans, 1955 Honduras to Costa Rica M S Carystoides hondura pacifica Vargas & Salazar, [2017] Colombia; ref.91 Carystoides alda (Plötz, 1882) TL: Brazil Carystoides basoches (Latreille, [1824]) Basoches Ruby-eye S Mexico to S Brazil & Paraguay iN M T S Carystoides yenna Evans, 1955 iN M S Carystoides noseda (Hewitson, 1866) iN M T Carystoides sicania (Hewitson, 1876) iN Carystoides sicania orbius (Godman, 1901) S Mexico to Ecuador & Guianas M S L Carystoides sicania sicania (Hewitson, 1876) TL: Brazil ([RJ]) M T Carystoides cathaea (Hewitson, 1866) iN M T L G Carystoides metaensis Vargas & Salazar, [2017] Colombia; ref.91 Carystoides sylvestris Vargas & Salazar, [2017] Colombia; ref.91 Carystoides balza Evans, 1955 TL: Ecuador Carystoides maroma (Möschler, 1877) Maroma Ruby-eye Panama to Amazon basin iN M T S Carystoides goliath Grishin, 2023 Colombia; ref.153 Tribe Megathymini, Subtribe Megathymina Aegiale C. Felder & R. Felder, 1860 Aegiale hesperiaris (Walker, 1856) Tequila Giant-Skipper; Gusano de Maguey much of N & C Mexico iN M T S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 IL L Turnerina H. Freeman, 1959 Turnerina mejicanus (E. Bell, 1938) Turner's Giant-Skipper Durango iN M T G Turnerina hazelae (D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1958) Guerrero Giant-Skipper Guerrero & Oaxaca M T S Turnerina begoniae J. García & A. Turrent, 2019 Pueblo; ref.59 M T Agathymus H. Freeman, 1959 Agathymus indecisa (A. Butler & H. Druce, 1872) Guatemalan Giant-Skipper Chiapas to Costa Rica iN M T S Agathymus escalantei D. Stallings, J. Turner & V. Stallings, 1966 Escalante's Giant-Skipper Guerrero iN M T Ha Agathymus rethon (Dyar, 1913) Black Giant-Skipper Mexico (COL, GRO, JAL, MICH, MOR, NAY, OAX, PUE, VER), El Salvador iN M T S L Agathymus tehuacanus J. García & A. Turrent, 2020 Pueblo; ref.60 Agathymus gentryi Roever, 1998 Gentry's Giant-Skipper SW AZ (W Pima, C Maricopa, W Pinal, W Yuma), E SB Co., CA M S Agathymus baueri (D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1954) Bauer's Giant-Skipper iN Agathymus baueri freemani D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1960 W-C AZ: SW Yavapai Co., S Mohave Co. M T S Agathymus baueri baueri (D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1954) C AZ: E Yavapai, W Gila, NE Maricopa, N Pinal Cos. M T S L H Agathymus aryxna (Dyar, 1905) Arizona Giant-Skipper SE AZ, SW NM, NE SON iN M T S HS L Agathymus evansi (H. Freeman, 1950) Huachuca Giant-Skipper Huachuca Mts., Cochise Co., AZ iN M T S HS L1 L2 H Agathymus belli (H. Freeman, 1955) Bell's Giant-Skipper Chihuahua, Durango M T S Agathymus ricei D. Stallings, J. Turner & V. Stallings, 1966 Rice's Giant-Skipper Puebla M T S1 S2 Agathymus polingi (Skinner, 1905) Poling's Giant-Skipper S AZ, SW NM (Hidalgo Co.), NE Sonora iN M T S L1 L2 I H Ha Agathymus neumoegeni (W. H. Edwards, 1882) Neumoegen’s Giant-Skipper iN Agathymus neumoegeni neumoegeni (W. H. Edwards, 1882) C AZ (Yavapai Co.) to W-C NM (Catron Co.) M T S L Agathymus neumoegeni S NM segregate , S NM: Organ Mts. (Dona Ana-Otero Cos.) to Sacramento Mts. M S F Ha Agathymus neumoegeni carlsbadensis (D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1957) Guadalupe Mts. (Eddy-Otero Cos., NM; Culberson Co., TX) M T S Agathymus neumoegeni judithae (D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1957) Hueco Mts., Hudspeth Co., TX M T S Agathymus neumoegeni diabloensis H. Freeman, 1962 Sierra Diablo, Sierra Blanca, Hudspeth Co., TX M T S Agathymus neumoegeni florenceae (D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1957) Davis Mts., Jeff Davis Co., TX M T S F Ha Agathymus neumoegeni mcalpinei (H. Freeman, 1955) E side of Glass Mts., Brewster Co., TX M T S F Ha Agathymus chisosensis (H. Freeman, 1952) Neumoegen’s Giant-Skipper Chisos Mts., S Brewster Co., TX M T S Agathymus juliae (D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1958) Julia’s Giant-Skipper Durango M T S Agathymus hoffmanni (H. Freeman, 1952) Hoffmann’s Giant-Skipper S-C Mexico (DF, GTO, HGO, MEX, SLP) iN M T S Agathymus alliae (D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1957) Mojave Giant-Skipper iN Agathymus alliae alliae (D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1957) N Coconino Co., AZ M T S Agathymus alliae paiute Roever, 1998 SE CA (SB, Inyo), S NV (Clark), SW UT (Wa), NW AZ M S L Ha Agathymus fieldi H. Freeman, 1960 Field's Giant-Skipper W Mexico: JAL, SON iN M T S Agathymus stephensi (Skinner, 1912) California Giant-Skipper S CA (Riverside, E San Diego, W Imperial Cos.), Baja (N) iN M T S L1 L2 I H1 H2 Agathymus comstocki (Harbison, 1957) Comstock's Giant-Skipper Baja California (N) iN M T1 T2 L1 L2 H Ha Agathymus [n. sp.] Roever, MS Undescribed Giant-Skipper Baja California (N) M L H Agathymus dawsoni Harbison, 1963 Dawson’s Giant-Skipper Baja California (N) M T1 T2 S L1 L2 H Ha Agathymus mariae (W. Barnes & Benjamin, 1924) Mary's Giant-Skipper iN Agathymus mariae mariae (W. Barnes & Benjamin, 1924) S NM, trans-Pecos counties, TX M T S L Agathymus mariae chinatiensis H. Freeman, 1964 Chinati Mts., Presidio Co., TX M T S Agathymus mariae lajitaensis H. Freeman, 1964 S Presidio Co., TX M T S Agathymus mariae rindgei H. Freeman, 1964 Val Verde and Kinney Cos., TX M T S Ha Agathymus gilberti H. Freeman, 1964 Gilbert's Giant-Skipper Brewster, Terrell and Val Verde Cos., TX M T Agathymus micheneri D. Stallings, J. Turner & V. Stallings, 1961 Michener’s Giant-Skipper Coahuila M T S L Agathymus galeana Grishin, 2023 Mexico (NL); ref.153 Agathymus remingtoni (D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1958) Remington's Giant-Skipper E Mexico: HGO, SLP, TAMPS iN M T S Agathymus estelleae (D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1958) Estelle's Giant-Skipper iN Agathymus estelleae valverdiensis H. Freeman, 1966 S-C TX (Terrell, Val Verde, Edwards, Kinney Cos.) M T S Agathymus estelleae estelleae (D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1958) Coahuila, Nuevo Leon M T S Stallingsia H. Freeman, 1959 Stallingsia maculosus (H. Freeman, 1955) Manfreda Giant-Skipper S TX, N NL iN M T1 T2 S1 S2 S3 S4 H1 H2 H3 Stallingsia smithi (H. Druce, 1896) Smith's Giant-Skipper SW MX (JAL, MICH, GRO, DF, MOR) M T OI S L Stallingsia jacki D. Stallings, J. Turner & V. Stallings, 1963 Chiapan Giant-Skipper Chiapas M T S Megathymus Scudder, 1872 Megathymus streckeri (Skinner, 1895) Strecker's Giant-Skipper iN Megathymus streckeri streckeri (Skinner, 1895) NE AZ, NW NM, SW CO, SE UT M T S L I Ha Megathymus streckeri S Navajo Co., Arizona segregate , S end White Mts., AZ M S L Ha Megathymus streckeri leussleri W. Holland, 1931 TX panhandle & E NM, to E MT, W ND, (SE SASK?) M T S1 S2 L F Ha Megathymus streckeri texana W. Barnes & McDunnough, 1912 S-C Texas M T1 T2 L I1 I2 H Megathymus cofaqui (Strecker, 1876) Cofaqui Giant-Skipper iN Megathymus cofaqui cofaqui (Strecker, 1876) [= harrisi], Georgia to NC M T TI S L I1 I2 Ha Megathymus cofaqui slotteni Gatrelle, 1999 Florida M T S L I H Megathymus yuccae (Boisduval & Le Conte, [1837]) Yucca Giant-Skipper iN Megathymus yuccae yuccae (Boisduval & Le Conte, [1837]) [= buchholzi], SE USA, E of Mississippi River M T1 T2 OI S L1 L2 I Ha Megathymus yuccae reinthali H. Freeman, 1963 [= kendalli], C to NE TX, C & E OK, SW AR, N & C LA M T1 T2 S L I1 I2 I3 F Ha Megathymus yuccae wilsonorum D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1958 Tamaulipas & far S TX (lower Rio Grande Valley) M T S L I Megathymus yuccae louiseae H. Freeman, 1963 S-C TX (Val Verde, Kinney Cos) to NE Mexico (COAH, NL) M T S Megathymus yuccae coloradensis C. Riley, 1877 SE WY, W NE, W KS, E CO, E NM, W OK, TX panhandle M T1 T2 T3 T4 S1 S2 L I H Megathymus yuccae reubeni D. Stallings, J. Turner & V. Stallings, 1963 Hueco Mts., Hudspeth Co., TX, to N Chihuahua M T S Megathymus yuccae navajo Skinner, 1911 [= arizonae], W CO, S UT, W NM, AZ, N Sonora M T1 T2 S Ma L1 L2 I1 I2 Ha Megathymus yuccae martini D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1956 Mohave Desert, S CA, W NV, far NW AZ M T S L1 L2 Ha Megathymus yuccae harbisoni J. Emmel & T. Emmel, 1998 Beaumont, Riverside Co. CA, S to Baja California Norte M T S Ha Megathymus beulahae D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1958 Broad-banded Giant-Skipper iN Megathymus beulahae gayleae D. Stallings, J. Turner & V. Stallings, 1963 COAH, NL, TAMPS, SLP M T1 T2 S L Megathymus beulahae beulahae D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1958 Hidalgo M T1 T2 S Megathymus ursus Poling, 1902 Ursine Giant-Skipper iN Megathymus ursus ursus Poling, 1902 S AZ (Pinal, Pima, Sta. Cruz, Cochise), SW NM (Hidalgo), SON M T OI S L I Ha Megathymus ursus deserti R. Wielgus, J. Wielgus & D. Wielgus, 1972 E Maricopa Co., AZ M T Megathymus violae D. Stallings & J. Turner, 1956 Ursine Giant-Skipper C & S NM (E of Rio Grande), W TX, COAH, NL; ref.11 iN M T S L I Ha |
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