Chlosyne lacinia adjutrix Scudder, 1875

Chlosyne lacinia adjutrix Scudder, 1875
(Bordered Patch)

Distribution and Larval Foodplants:

Larval Foodplants
* = primary foodplants as determined by Neck (1973, 1977)

Asteraceae: Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., *Ambrosia trifida var. texana Scheele, Baltimora (= Baltimora recta L.)?, Calyptocarpus vialis Less., Eupatorium L., Gaillardia pulchella Foug., *Helianthus annuus L. (and sbsp. lenticualris (Dougl. ex Lindl.) Steyermark), Helianthus argophyllus Torr. & Gray, Helianthus ciliaris DC., Helianthus debilis sbsp. cucumerifolius (Torr. & Gray) Heiser, Helianthus maximiliani Schrad., Helianthus tuberosus L., Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britt. & Rusby, Palafoxia Lag. (probably sphacelata (Nutt. ex Torr.) Cory), Parthenium hysterophorus L., Silphium asperrimum Hook., Simsia calva (Engelm. & Gray) Gray, *Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Gray, Verbesina microptera DC., Verbesina virginica L., Viguiera dentata (Cav.) Spreng., Viguiera deltoidea var. parishii, (Greene) Vasey & Rose, Wedelia texana (Gray) B.L. Turner, Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (P. Mill.) Torr. & Gray

Synonymy

(From: A Catalogue of the Butterflies of the United States and Canada, Jonathan P. Pelham)

Genus Chlosyne Butler, 1870

Cist. Entomol. 1(3): 38, no. 37. Type-species: Papilio janais Drury, 1782, Ill. Nat. Hist., 3: 22, index, pl. 17, figs. 5, 6, as replacement name. Proposed to replace Synchloe E. Doubleday, 1844, preoccupied (Code Articles 60.3, 67.8). The synonymy for this genus follows Wahlberg and Zimmerman (2000), Cladistics 16(4): 347-363.

= ‡Morpheis Geyer, [1833]

In: Hübner, Samml. exot. Schmett. 3: pl [5], figs. 1-4. Type-species: Morpheis ehrenbergii Geyer, [1833], in: Hübner, Samml. exot. Schmett., 3: pl [5], figs. 1-4, by monotypy. Preoccupied by Morpheis Hübner, [1820], Verz. bekannt. Schmett., 13: 196.

= ‡Synchloe E. Doubleday, [1845]

List Spec. Lepid. Brit. Mus. 1: 76. Type-species: Papilio janais Drury, 1782, Ill. Nat. Hist. 3: 22, index, pl. 17, figs. 5, 6, by designation of Scudder (1875), Proc. Am. Acad. Arts Sci., Boston 10(2): 141, no. 253. Preoccupied by Synchloe Hübner, 1818, Zutr. Samml. exot. Schmett. 1: 26.

= ‡Coatlantona W. F. Kirby, 1871

Syn. Cat. diurn. Lepid.: 178. Type-species: Papilio janais Drury, 1782, Ill. Nat. Hist. 3: 22, index, pl. 17, figs. 5, 6, as replacement name. Proposed to replace Synchloe E. Doubleday, 1844, preoccupied (Code Articles 60.3, 67.8). A junior objective synonym of Chlosyne Butler, 1870.

= Anemeca W. F. Kirby, 1871

Syn. Cat. diurn. Lepid.: 179. Type-species: Morpheis ehrenbergii Geyer, [1833], in: Hübner, Samml. exot. Schmett. 3: pl [5], figs. 1-4, as replacement name. Proposed to replace Morpheis Geyer, [1833], in: Hübner, Samml. exot. Schmett. 3: pl [5], figs. 1-4, preoccupied (Code Articles 60.3, 67.8).

= Charidryas Scudder, 1872

4th Ann. Rept. Peabody Acad. Sci. (1871): 47. Type-species: Melitaea nycteis E. Doubleday, 1847, in: Gen. diurn. Lepid. (1)(12): pl. 23, fig. 3; (21): 181, no. 23 (1848), by original designation.

= ‡Limnaecia Scudder, 1872

4th Ann. Rept. Peabody Acad. Sci. (1871): 47. Type-species: Melitaea harrisii Scudder, 1863, Proc. Essex Inst. 3: 167-168, no. 36, by original designation. Preoccupied by Limnaecia Stainton, 1851, Suppl. Cat. Brit. Pteroph.: 4.

= Thessalia Scudder, 1875

Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2(4): 238, 265, no. 49. Type-species: Melitaea leanira C. Felder & R. Felder, 1860, Wien. Entomol. Montaschr. 4(4): 106, no. 64, by original designation.

Chlosyne lacinia (Geyer, 1837)

In: Hübner, Zutr. Samml. exot. Schmett. 5: pl. [155], figs. 899 ♂ D, 900 ♂ V [1836]; 25, no. 450 (1837, name given).

Original Combination: Araschnia Lacinia

Type Locality: “Mexico”

Types: Type(s) probably lost.

= tellias (H. Bates, 1864)

Entomol. Mon. Mag. 1(4): 84-85, no. 42.

Original Combination: Synchloe tellias

Type Locality: “Guatemala”

Types: Holotype in BMNH.

= quehtala (Reakirt, 1866)

Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 18(3): 248, no. 24.

Original Combination: Synchloë quehtala

Type Locality: “Mexico”

Types: Location of type(s) not known.

= ardema (Reakirt, [1867])

Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 18(3): 336, no. 39.

Original Combination: Synchloë ardema

Type Locality: “Mexico, (near Vera Cruz)” [Veracruz]

Types: Location of type(s) not known.

= misera (R. Felder, 1869)

Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 19: 471-472, no. 21.

Original Combination: Synchloë misera

Type Locality: “Huahuapan” [Huajuapan de León, Oaxaca, Mexico]

Types: Holotype in BMNH.

= pretona (Boisduval, 1870)

Lepid. Guat.: 37-38.

Original Combination: Synchloe Pretona

Type Locality: “Guatemala”

Types: Types possibly in BMNH.

= adelina (Staudinger, 1876)

Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 25: 102, no. 12.

Original Combination: Synchloë Adelina

Type Locality: “Panamá als Chiriqui”

Types: Location of type(s) not known.

= ‡”indigens” Higgins, 1961

Trans. R. Entomol. Soc. Lond. 112(14): 408 (b); cited Godman and Salvin (1882), Biol. centr.-amer., Lepid. Rhop. 3(17): pl.19, fig. 14 ♀ D, 15 ♀ V (as lacinia).

Original Combination: [Chlosyne lacinia lacinia] form indigens

Type Locality: “Costa Rica: Escazu”

Types: Syntypes in BMNH.

Chlosyne lacinia adjutrix Scudder, 1875

Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 2(4): 269, no. 183.

Original Combination: [Chlosyne] Adjutrix

Type Locality: “Texas”

Types: Holotype probably in MCZ.

Bibliography

Bauer, David L. 1975. Tribe Melitaeini. Pp. 139-195, in: W. H. Howe (ed.) The butterflies of North America. Garden City, New York, Doubleday & Co.: xiii + 633 pp.; 97 pls., 32 tf. {[7 Nov] 1975} [definition of the lacinia group]

Gorodenski, Stanley A. 1969. The genetics of three polymorphic larval colour forms of Chlosyne lacinia. Genetical Research 14: 333‑336, 1 fig., 1 tbl. {1969} http://users.commspeed.net/stanlep/Chlosynelacinians.html

Higgins, Henry Hugh. 1960. A revision of the Melitaeine genus Chlosyne and allied species (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 112(14): 381-467, 134 figs. {31 December 1960} [description of Chlosyne lacinia lacinia form indigens; Chlosyne lacinia crocale form flavida]

Hoffmann, Carlos Christian. 1940. Catálogo systemático y zoogeográphico de los Lepidópteros Mexicanos, Primera parte. Papilionoidea. Anales del Instituto de Biología. Universidad Nacional de México 11(2): 639-739, 2 maps. {[after 28 Dec] 1940}

Maza, Roberto F. de la. 1980. Variabilidad extrema de Chlosyne lacinia Gey. (Nymphalidae). Revista de la Sociedad mexicana de Lepidopterología 5(2): 75-76, 1 fig. {5 April 1980}

Maza, Roberto G. de la. 1976. Algunas observaciones sobre el ciclo de vida de Chlosyne lacinia adjutrix Scudder. Boletín informativo. Sociedad mexicana de Lepidopterología 2(5): 4-5. {September-October 1976}

Neck, Raymond W. 1973. Foodplant ecology of the butterfly Chlosyne lacinia (Geyer) (Nymphalidae). 1. Larval foodplants. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 27(1): 22-33, 1 tab. {23 February 1973}

Neck, Raymond W. 1975. History of scientific study on a larval color polymorphism in the genus Chlosyne (Nymphalidae). Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 14(1): 41-48. {March 1975}

Neck, Raymond W. 1977. Foodplant ecology of the butterfly Chlosyne lacinia (Geyer) (Nymphalidae). II. Additional larval foodplant data. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 16(2): 69-74. {December 1977}

Neck, Raymond W. 1981. Aberrant specimen of Chlosyne lacinia from central Texas resembles tropical form. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 34(4): 363-364. {15 June 1981}

Neck, Raymond W., Guy L. Bush and Boyce A. Drummond III. 1971 Epistasis, associated lethals and brood effect in larval colour polymorphism of the patch butterfly, Chlosyne lacinia. Heredity 26(1): 73-84, 14 tables, 1 pl. {Feb 1971}

Röber, Johannes Karl Max. 1914. 5. Gattung Chlosyne. In: A. Seitz (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 5(188): 450-453 {[before 28 Feb] 1914}; (189): pl. 91 {14 Apr 1914}

Scudder, Samuel Hubbard. 1875. Synonymic list of the butterflies of North America, north of Mexico. Part 1, Nymphales. Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of natural Sciences 2(4): 233-269 {Feb [31 May] 1875} [description of Chlosyne Adjutrix]

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