Phyciodes graphica (R. Felder, 1869)

Phyciodes graphica (R. Felder, 1869)
(Vesta Crescent)

Distribution and Larval Foodplants:

Larval Foodplants: Acanthaceae: Dyschoriste decumbens (Gray) Kuntze, Siphonoglossa pilosella (Nees) Torr.

(From: A Catalogue of the Butterflies of the United States and Canada, Jonathan P. Pelham)

Genus Phyciodes Hübner, [1819]

Verz. bekannt. Schmett. (2): 29. Type-species: Papilio cocyta Cramer, 1777, Uitl. Kapellen 2(9): 7, pl. 101, figs. A, B; (16): 148 (index), by designation of Scudder (1872), 4th Ann. Rep. Peabody Acad. Sci. (1871): 46. The arrangement of species in this genus follows Wahlberg et al. (2003), Syst. Entomol. 28(2): 257-273.

Phyciodes graphica (R. Felder, 1869)

Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 19: 470, no. 17.

Original Combination: Eresia graphica

Type Locality: “Huahuapan” [Haujauapan de León, Oaxaca, Mexico]

Types: Syntypes possibly in NMW.

= boucardi Godman & Salvin, 1878

Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1878(1): 268, no. 9; discussed and figured by Godman and Salvin, 1882, Biol. centr.-amer. Lepid. Rhop. 1(18): 194; 3(19): pl. 21, figs. 16 ♂ D, 17 ♂ V.

Original Combination: Phyciodes boucardi

Type Locality: “Mexico, Putla” [Oaxaca]

Types: Holotype (#Rh8438) in BMNH.

Phyciodes graphica vesta (W. H. Edwards, 1869)

Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 2(4): 371-372; figured by W. H. Edwards (1878), Butts. N. Am. 2(7): pl. Phyciodes 2, figs. 18 ♂ V winter form, 19 ♀ D&V winter form, 20 ♂ D&V summer form, 21 ♀ V summer form.

Original Combination: Melitaea Vesta

Type Locality: “Texas”; neotype from “New Braunfels, Comal Co., Texas.”

Types: Neotype in CMNH, designated by F. Brown (1966), Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 92(3): 463, fig. 34 ♂ D&V.

= ‡”hiemalis” W. H. Edwards, 1878

Butts. N. Am. 2(7): [181], pl. Phyciodes 2 figs. 18 ♂ D&V, 19 ♀ V.

Original Combination: [Phyciodes Vesta] form Hiemalis

= ‡”aestiva” W. H. Edwards, 1878

Butts. N. Am. 2(7): [182], pl. Phyciodes 2 figs. 20 ♂ D&V, 21 ♀ V.

Original Combination: [Phyciodes Vesta] form Aestiva

The two names listed above were proposed in an informal manner, with no type data. F. Brown (1966), Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 92(3): 463, did not detail these names in his study of W. H. Edwards’ types.

Bibliography

Bailowitz, Richard A. and James P. Brock. 1991. Butterflies of southeastern Arizona. Tucson, Arizona; Sonoran Arthropod Studies, Inc.: ix + 342 pp., 4 pls., figs. {1991}

Barnes, William and James Halliday McDunnough. 1916. Notes on North American diurnal Lepidoptera. Contributions to the Natural History of the Lepidoptera of North America 3(2): 49-156, 8 pls. {15 Dec 1916}

Brown, Frederick Martin. 1944. Notes on Mexican Butterflies, IV. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 52(4): 343-360. {[19] Dec 1944}

Brown, Frederick Martin. 1966. The types of the nymphalid butterflies described by William Henry Edwards--Part II, Melitaeinae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 92(3): 357-468, 34 figs. {Sep, 20 Oct 1966}

Edwards, William Henry. 1869. Description of new species of diurnal Lepidoptera found within the United States. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 2(4): 369-376. {Sep (pre-print [Oct]) 1869; paper [14 Mar 1870]} [description of Melitaea Vesta]

Edwards, William Henry. 1879. Notes upon the preparatory stages of certain species of butterflies. No. 1. Canadian Entomologist 11(7): 127-131. {[2] Jul 1879}

Edwards, William Henry. 1868-1897. The butterflies of North America. Boston; Houghton, Mifflin & Co. 1: [i], ii, [163], v, 52 pp., 50 pls. (1868-1872); 2: [i], [358] pp., 51 pls. (1874-1884); 3: [viii], [432] pp., 51 pls. (1887-1897) [description of Phyciodes Vesta form Hiemalis, Phyciodes Vesta form Aestiva]

Felder, Rudolf. 1869. Diagnosen neuer von dem k. k. Oberliuetnant H. V. Hedemann in Mexico in Jahren 1865-1867 gesammelten Lepidopteren. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-königlichen zoologisch-botanisch Gesellschaft in Wien 19: 465-480. {after April 1869; per Lamas, internal evidence} [description of Eresia graphica]

Ferris, Clifford Duras and Frederick Martin Brown. 1981. Butterflies of the Rocky Mountain States. Oklahoma; Univ. Oklahoma Press: 442 pp., 4 cpls., many figures [contributions from Donald Eff, Scott Ellis, Michael Fisher, Lee D. Miller, James Scott and Raymond Stanford] {1981}

Forbes, William Trowbridge Merrifield. 1945. The genus Phyciodes (Lepidoptera, Nymphalinae). Entomologica Americana (n.s.)24: 139-207. {Oct 1944, 24 May 1945}

Godman, Frederick du Cane and Osbert Salvin. 1878. 4. Descriptions of nineteen new species of diurnal Lepidoptera from Central America. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1878(1): 264-271 {19 Feb, May 1878} [description of Phyciodes boucardi]

Godman, Frederick du Cane and Osbert Salvin. 1879-1901. Biologia Centrali-Americana. Zoology: Insecta. Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera. London; Taylor & Francis, 3 volumes (Vols. 36-38): 1(Nym., Rio.)(1879-1886); xlv+487 pp.; 2(Pier., Pap., Lyc., Hes.)(1887-1901): 782 pp.; 3(plates): 1-48 (1879-1886); 49-112 (1887-1901)

Hall, Arthur. 1928-1930. A revision of the genus Phyciodes Hubn. (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). Bulletin of the Hill Museum 2(2)(supplement 1): 1-20, pls. 1-3 {18 Jun 1928} 2(3)(supplement): 21-44 {17 Nov 1928}; 3(1)(supplement): 45-94 {30 Apr 1929}; 3(2)(supplement): 95-146 {29 Aug 1929}; 3(3)(supplement): 147-170 {30 Dec 1929}; 4(1)(supplement): 171-204 {28 Jul 1930}; 4(2)(supplement): 205-206; add. Page {29 Dec 1930}

Higgins, Lionel George. 1981. A revision of Phyciodes Hübner and related genera, with a review of the classification of the Melitaeinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology) 43(3): 77-243, 490 figs. {29 Oct 1981}

Kendall, Roy O'Neal. 1960. More larval foodplants from Texas. Journal of the Lepidopterists= Society 13(4): 221-228 {1959, 1 Aug 1960}

Röber, Johannes Karl Max 1913-1914. Gattung Phyciodes. In: A. Seitz (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 5(162): pl. 92 {5 Jun 1913}; (183): 434-440, pl. 90 {10 Dec 1913}; (188): 449-450, pls. 88, 89. {[before 10 Feb] 1914}; (189): pl. 91. {14 Apr 1914}

Scott, James A. 1994. Biology and systematics of Phyciodes (Phyciodes). Papilio (n.s.) 7: 1-120, 227 figs., 12 tables {18 Nov 1994}

Vargas, Isabel, Moisés Armando Luis, Jorge Enrique Llorente and Andrew D. Warren. 1996. Butterflies of the State of Jalisco, Mexico. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 50(2): 97-138, 1 fig., 2 tabs. {5 July 1996}

Wahlberg, Niklas, Rita Oliviera and James A. Scott. 2003. Phylogenetic relationships of Phyciodes butterfly species (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): complex mtDNA variations and species delimittions. Systematic Entomology 28(2): 257-273, 4 figs., 2 tbls., 1 app. {Apr 2003}

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