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Plebejus glandon
rustica (W. H. Edwards, 1865) |
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Pinned Specimens
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Live Adults photo
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Live Adults photo
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Immatures photo
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Immatures photo
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Larval Foodplants and Habitats
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Distribution and Larval Foodplants: |
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(From: A Catalogue of the Butterflies of the United States and Canada, Jonathan P. Pelham) Genus Plebejus Kluk, 1780 Zwierz. Hist. Nat. Pocz. Gospod. 4: 89-92, no. 148. Type-species: Papilio argus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1: 483, no. 152, by designation of Hemming (1933), Entomol. 66(845): 224. I.C.Z.N. Opinion 278 placed Plebejus on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology as name no. 705. This name has been spelled various ways; the spelling given in the Official List is the proper spelling by rule (Code Article 79.4.1). Bálint et al. (2001), Folia Entomol. Hung. 62: 177-184, discussed this issue.
Plebejus glandon (de Prunner, 1798) Lepid. Pedemont: 76, no.159. Original Combination: Pl[ebejus]. R[uralis] Pap[ilio]. Glandon Type Locality: “In montibus”; “Col du Glandon” suggested from the derivation of the name. [Dauphiné Alps, France] Types: Type(s) probably lost. I.C.Z.N. Opinion 270 placed this name on the Official List of Specific Names in Zoology as name no. 91. In the last half century the names glandon, aquilo, franklinii and rustica have all been applied at the species-level to some or all populations of this complex in North America (e.g., L. Miller and F. Brown (1981), Mem. Lepid. Soc. (2): 127, Ferris (1989), Mem. Lepid. Soc. (3): 35, Opler (1992), Field Guide E. Butts.: 137, (1999), Field Guide W. Butts.: 246). It is unclear whether or not the name aquilo should be applied to the North American fauna. Until a lectotype or neotype for aquilo is designated, this issue will remain problematic. Nekrutenko (1974), J. Lepid. Soc. 28(3): 281, fig. 1, showed that there are no consistent genitalic characteristics by which glandon and aquilo may be separated. Yakovlev and Churkin (2003), Helios 4: 148-152, and Churkin (2005), Helios 5: 3-38, discussed the use of the name glandon for all of these populations. Since no thorough analysis of North American populations has yet been presented, the following arrangement is tentative.
Plebejus glandon rustica (W. H. Edwards, 1865) Proc. Entomol. Soc. Philad. 4(1): 201, 203-204, no. 7. Original Combination: Lycaena Rustica Type Locality: “Pikes Peak”; defined as “vicinity of Empire, Clear Creek County, Colorado” by F. Brown (1970), Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 96(3): 404. Types: Lectotype in MGCL, designated by F. Brown (1970), Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 96(3): 406, fig. 21 ♂ D&V. Species-genus gender conformation is rusticus. |
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