Urbanus esmeraldus (Butler, 1877)
(Esmeralda Longtail)

Pinned Specimens photo collection:

Live Adults photo collection:

Distribution and Larval Foodplants:
 

Synonymy

(From: A Catalogue of the Butterflies of the United States and Canada, Jonathan P. Pelham)

Genus Urbanus Hübner, [1807]

Samml. exot. Schmett. 1: pls. [150], [151], [155], [159]. Type-species: Papilio proteus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1: 484, no. 163 (as figured by Hübner [1807], Samml. exot. Schmett. 1: pl. [155]), by designation of Hemming (1933), Entomol. 66(844): 200. Steinhauser (1981), Bull. Allyn Mus. (62): 1-43, revised the proteus group, and (1987), Bull. Allyn Mus. (111): 1-16, detailed species-group names in this genus.

      =    ‡Thymele [Illiger], 1807

Allg. Lit.-Zeit. 2(303): 1180. Type-species: Papilio proteus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1: 484, no. 163, designated by Bridges (1985), Notes on Family- and Genus-group names (IV): 123. Suppressed by I.C.Z.N. Opinion 232, and placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Generic Names in Zoology as name no. 48; it is also a junior objective synonym of Urbanus Hübner, [1807].

      =    ‡Goniurus Hübner, [1819]

Verz. bekannt. Schmett. (7): 104. Type-species: Papilio proteus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1: 484, no. 163, by designation of Westwood (1852), in: Gen. diurn. Lepid. 2(54): 510. A junior objective synonym of Urbanus Hübner, [1807].

      =    ‡Eudamus Swainson, 1831

Zool. Illustr. (2)2(11): pl. 48, unnumbered text. Type-species: Papilio proteus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. (ed. 10) 1: 484, no. 163, by original designation. A junior objective synonym of Urbanus Hübner, [1807].

‡”Lyroptera” Plötz, 1881

Stettiner Entomol. Ztg. 42(10-12): 500. This name was introduced by Plötz (citing Hopffer) in the synonymy of Eudamus Swainson, 1831. Hemming (1967), Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Entomol. Suppl. 9: 271, stated that the type-species is Papilio proteus Linnaeus, 1758, by monotypy; L. Miller and F. Brown (1981), Mem. Lepid. Soc. (2): 7, duplicated this citation. This is incorrect because “Lyroptera” Plötz is a nomen nudum and not available.

Urbanus esmeraldus (Butler, 1877)

Trans. Entomol. Soc. Lond. (4)1877(2): 146-147, no. 233.

Original Combination: Goniurus esmeraldus

Type Locality: “Villa bella”; interpreted to be “Villa Nova, Amazons” by Evans (1952), Cat. Am. Hesp. Brit. Mus. (2): 89. [Brazil]

Types: Holotype in BMNH; figured by Steinhauser (1981), Bull. Allyn Mus. (62): fig. 19 ♂ V.

Bibliography

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